A Study on the Revenue Generation Trend of Thiruvallur and Thiruttani Taluks (Viz., Thiruppasur, Siruvanoor, Thiruvallur and Agoor and Pattabiramapuram Villages of Thiruttani) of Tamil Nadu+

Tamilnadu is one of the economically developed states in India which has 32 districts taluks in hundreds and villages in thousands But lots of studies on Tamilnadu s regional development have found a wide disparity in economic development across the state The North part of Tamilnadu is a comparatively backward region in general and the districts like Dharmapuri Villupuram Tiruvannamalai and Thiruvallur in particular As a result it is of special importance and essential to review the rural local bodies finances with reference to backward district in general and Thiruvellur district in particular in the wake of 73rd constitutional amendmen

Comparative efficacy of few disinfectants against bacterial load in pig facilities at livestock farm complex, Chennai

Disinfection of animal shed means making them free from disease producing organisms. An attempt has been made to assess the efficacy of disinfectants. The study was carried out in three different seasons of the year during 2017-18 in pig fattener facilities and farrowing pen at Livestock Farm Complex, Madhavaram, Chennai. Four disinfectants namely, chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite and cow urine based disinfectant were used. The efficacy of the disinfectants was found out by dilution method. In pig fattener sty the efficacy of disinfectants in descending order were chlorine dioxide (1.77x108 ±1.10), sodium hypochlorite (2.57x1011±1.15), cow urine based disinfectant (1.68x1011±1.12) and calcium hypochlorite (7.73x1011±1.06) in all the seasons of the year. In farrowing pen the order of efficacy of disinfectants were chlorine dioxide (1.82x108±1.17), sodium hypochlorite (2.71x1011±1.15), calcium hypochlorite (2.66x1011±1.17) and cow urine based disinfectant (3.15x1011 ±1.07) in all the seasons of the year. Hence, spraying with chlorine dioxide in pig facilities was found to be effective in all seasons of the year

Effect of feeding swill feed supplemeted with chocolate cream waste on backfat thickness and body measurements in fattener weaner pigs

Pig rearing on concentrate feed may not be economical because of higher market price of raw materials. The alternative source could be the use of swill feeding. Consequently, the impact of the swill feed on the backfat thickness and body measurements calls for investigation against any other alternative feed.  Hence in the present study, an attempt has been made to compare the body measurements and backfat thickness in fattener piglets which were fed with swill feed (T1) vs. Those fed with chocolate cream waste supplemented with swill feed (T2). The statistical analysis of the data obtained in the present study revealed that there was highly significant (P?0.01) difference between body weight gain and backfat thickness (layer I and II) of both the group of piglets which were taken for trial starting from three months of age till five months of age. However, not significant difference (P?0.05) was noticed for body length and chest girth except in the pigs of 150 days age group. This study indicates that swill feed supplemented with chocolate cream waste could be used to reduce the feed cost since higher weight gain is achieved in a shorter time interval, increasing body measurements and backfat thickness compared to swill feed (T1) group of piglets

Comparison of floor bacterial load in different types of rabbit cages

Rabbits are housed on various types of cages including single tier, multi- tier cages etc. The effect of housing system on the floor bacterial load is variable, and its effect on animal production is limited. An attempt has been made to evaluate and compare the floor bacterial load between single-tier and multi-tier caging system in rabbitary. The study was carried out in rabbitary which housed broiler rabbits. The samples were taken in sterile cotton tipped swabs. The floor bacterial load was determined by dilution method where serial dilutions were done with sterile normal saline. An aliquot of 1 ml was taken from dilution and poured in sterile petri plates in triplicate and mixed with liquefied sterilized plate count agar. Following incubation, the bacterial colonies were counted. The bacterial load in the single-tier was comparatively lower than the multi-tier cage even before washing of cages. There was significant difference (P<0.01) in the floor bacterial load before (1.73x1012±0.30) and after water wash (1.35x1011±0.29) and between single (1.50x109±0.30) and multi-tier cages (1.35x1011±0.29). The bacteria up to genes level found using Hi-Media bacterial kit were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Flavobacterium sp, Micrococcus sp, Proteus sp, Mannheimia sp, Klebsiella sp, Bordetella sp, Bacillus sp, Actinomyces sp, Cornybacterium sp and Pseudomonas sp. This study concluded that reduced bacterial load found in single tier may be due to good aeration and better handling facilities.  In single tier cage the dung and urine gets settled at the floor which facilities easy washing which slows down the bacterial growth

GFI1 proteins regulate stem cell formation in the AGM

In vertebrates, the first haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with multi-lineage and long-term repopulating potential arise in the AGM (aorta-gonad-mesonephros) region. These HSCs are generated from a rare and transient subset of endothelial cells, called haemogenic endothelium (HE), through an endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition (EHT). Here, we establish the absolute requirement of the transcriptional repressors GFI1 and GFI1B (growth factor independence 1 and 1B) in this unique trans-differentiation process. We first demonstrate that Gfi1 expression specifically defines the rare population of HE that generates emerging HSCs. We further establish that in the absence of GFI1 proteins, HSCs and haematopoietic progenitor cells are not produced in the AGM, revealing the critical requirement for GFI1 proteins in intra-embryonic EHT. Finally, we demonstrate that GFI1 proteins recruit the chromatin-modifying protein LSD1, a member of the CoREST repressive complex, to epigenetically silence the endothelial program in HE and allow the emergence of blood cells.We thank the staff at the Advanced Imaging, animal facility, Molecular Biology Core facilities and Flow Cytometry of CRUK Manchester Institute for technical support and Michael Lie-A-Ling and Elli Marinopoulou for initiating the DamID-PIP bioinformatics project. We thank members of the Stem Cell Biology group, the Stem Cell Haematopoiesis groups and Martin Gering for valuable advice and critical reading of the manuscript. Work in our laboratory is supported by the Leukaemia and Lymphoma Research Foundation (LLR), Cancer Research UK (CRUK) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). SC is the recipient of an MRC senior fellowship (MR/J009202/1).This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from NPG via http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncb327

A Smartphone Application for Skin Lesion Detection and Classification with Deep Learning Algorithms

The Skin Lesion (SL) classification has recently received a lot of attention. Because of the significant resemblance between these skin lesions, physicians spend a lot of time analyzing them. A Deep Learning (DL) based automated categorization system can help clinicians recognize the type of SL and improve the patient's health. In this research, DL approaches such as VGG-16, ResNet-50 and customized model are employed to detect the SL using a smartphone application. These models are trained on the SL classification dataset from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) 2019. The customized model over fits the other two models with a validation accuracy of 86.21%, whereas the validation accuracy of VGG-16 and ResNet-50 is 85.15% and 84.82%, respectively. Physicians will save time and have a higher precision rate in the automatic classification of SL utilizing DL

A Study on the Revenue Generation Trend of Thiruvallur and Thiruttani Taluks (Viz., Thiruppasur, Siruvanoor, Thiruvallur and Agoor and Pattabiramapuram Villages of Thiruttani) of Tamil Nadu+

Tamilnadu is one of the economically developed states in India, which has 32 districts, taluks in hundreds and villages in thousands. But lots of studies on Tamilnadu’s regional development have found a wide disparity in economic development across the state. The North part of Tamilnadu is a comparatively backward region in general and the districts like Dharmapuri, Villupuram, Tiruvannamalai and Thiruvallur in particular. As a result, it is of special importance and essential to review the rural local bodies finances with reference to backward district in general and Thiruvellur district in particular in the wake of 73rd constitutional amendment.</jats:p