CELLULAR ORGANISM BASED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR COMPLEX NON-LINEAR PROBLEMS

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is the global optimization technique that inspires many researchers to solve large scale of non-linear optimization problems. For certain complex scenarios, the premature convergence problem of PSO algorithm cannot find global optimum in dynamic environments. In this paper, a new variant motility factor based Cellular Particle Swarm Optimization (m-CPSO) algorithm is proposed which is developed by the migration behavior observed from fibroblast cellular organism to overcome this problem. The proposed m-CPSO algorithm is modeled in two different social best and individual best models. The performance of m-CPSO is tested in the benchmark and real-time data instances and compared with classical PSO. The outcome of experimental results has demonstrated that m-CPSO algorithm produces promising results than classical PSO on all evaluated environments

Improved Canny Edges Using Cellular Based Particle Swarm Optimization Technique for Tamil Sign Digital Images

The development of computer based sign language recognition system, for enabling communication with hearing impaired people, is an important research area that faces different challenges in the pre-processing stage of image processing, particularly in boundary detection stage. In edge detection, the possibility of achieving high quality images significantly depends on the fitting threshold values, which are generally selected using canny method, and these threshold values may vary, based on the type of images and the applications chosen. This research work presents a novel idea of establishing a hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm, which is a combination of PSO with the behavioural pattern of cellular organism in canny method, that defines an objective to find optimal threshold values for the implementation of double thresholding hysteresis method, which is viewed as a non-linear complex problem. The attempt to incorporate the model has minimized the problem of quick convergence of PSO algorithm which has improved the detection of broken edges. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is proved through the experimental observation, done in Tamil sign images to indicate the better performance of canny operator by introducing new variant based PSO

Novel Design of LLC Resonant Converter with Peak Gain Adjustment

The main advantages of a half-bridge LLC resonant DC/DC converter having two inductors (LL) and a single capacitor (C) compared to the other load resonant converters are its less amount of circulating currents and large bandwidth for Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS). It also has the advantage of limited tuning of operating frequency to get the regulated output when variable frequency control method is implemented on the converter. This DC/DC converter is widely used in server and telecom applications due its higher efficiency and reliability. In this paper, a novel design using peak gain adjustment is proposed for a LLC resonant DC/DC converter with a design example of 400V/12V-5A used in server based applications. For the specifications of the converter mentioned, an experimental set up is built and evaluated with the Texas instruments power switch FSFR 2100 IC in closed loop configuration. The experimental results proved an improved efficiency of 94% for the converter with the novel design proposed

Effectiveness of breast massage on reduction of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarean section admitted in selected hospital at Tirunelveli

A Quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of breast massage on reduction of breast engorgement among Mothers undergone caesarean section admitted in Balaji and Nallamuthusamy Hospital. Study was conducted by Ms.P.Krishnaveni in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Nursing at the Sri.K.R.N College of Nursing, under the Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the pre-test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental and control group. 2. To find out the effectiveness of breast massage on breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental group and control group. 3. To compare the pre-test and post- test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental group and control group. 4. To associate the post-test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental and control group with their selected demographic variables.(Age, education, occupation, gravid, post natal day, time when feeding started, duration and frequency of breast feeding). The following Hypotheses were set for the study Hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level H1: Mean post -test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental group was significantly lower than the mean post-test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in control group. H2: There was a significant difference between mean pre-test and post- test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental and control group. H3: There was a significant association between post-test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental and control group with their selected demographic variables. (Age, education, post natal day, occupation, time when feeding started, gravida, duration and frequency of breast feeding). The study was based on widenbach’s helping art of clinical nursing model. The quantitative research approach was used. The study was conducted in Balaji and Nallamuthusamy Hospital. The design adopted for the study was quasi experimental pre- test and post -test control group design to assess the effectiveness of breast massage on reduction of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section. Purposive sampling was used to select 60 mothers in selected hospitals among that 30 samples were allotted for experimental group, 30 samples for control group. The data collection tools developed for generating the necessary data were standard scale was used to assess breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section. The content validity of the tools was established by five clinical experts. The reliability of rating scale (r=0.9) was established by test retest technique method. The tool was found to be reliable. Pilot study was conducted to find out the feasibility of the study and to plan for data analysis. Data collection was done and the data obtained were analyzed in terms of both descriptive and inferential statistics. The Significant Findings of the Study were: 1. There was no significant difference between mean pretest level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental and control group (t=0.86, p<0.05). 2. There was a significant difference between mean post test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental and control group (t=4.88, p<0.05). 3. There was a significant difference between mean pre and post test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in experimental group (t=5.76, p<0.05). 4. There was a no significant difference between mean pre and post test level of breast engorgement among mothers undergone caesarian section in control group (t=0.05, p<0.05). 5. There was no significant association between post-test level of breast engorgement and experimental group demographic variables in age, education, occupation, postnatal day, feeding started, duration and frequency of feeding among mothers undergone caesarian section at (p<0.05) level. 6. There was a significant association between post-test level of breast engorgement and experimental group demographic variables in gravida, among mothers undergone caesarian section at (p<0.05) level. 7. There was no significant association of post-test level of breast engorgement and control group demographic variables in age, education, occupation, postnatal day, feeding started, duration and frequency of feeding among mothers undergone caesarian section at (p<0.05) level. 8. There was a significant association between post-test level of breast engorgement and control group demographic variables gravida, among mothers undergone caesarian section at (p<0.05) level. On the Basis of the Findings of the Study it is recommended that, 1. The similar study can be conducted with larger samples for better generalization. 2. A study can be conducted to assess the knowledge and practice of breast massage on level of breast engorgement among nurse midwives. 3. A study can be conducted to assess the effectiveness of other alternative and complementary therapy like Gua sha therapy on reducing the level of breast engorgement. 4. A study can be conducted to assess the effectiveness of prevention of postnatal complications. CONCLUSION: The present study was assessed the effectiveness of breast massage on reduction of breast engorgement among mothers undergone cesarean section. The results of the study concluded that breast massage was effective on reduction of breast engorgement among mothers undergone cesarean section Breast massage is easy to practice, not painful and can enhance comfort to mother in the postnatal period, hence could easily be adopted as a regular intervention. Therefore, the investigator felt that more importance should be given to assessment on reduction of level of breast engorgement by using standard breast engorgement scale following the intervention of breast massage. It can be given as non-pharmacological measures to reduce breast engorgement

Removal Efficiency of Synthetic Dyes by Copper Nanoparticles

Water contaminant and pathogenic microorganism elimination using nanotechnology is a fantastic potential. NaBH4 was used to create copper nanoparticles, and the effectiveness of the dye removal was assessed. Utilising scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DLS, UV-visible spectroscopy, and energy dispersive analysis by X-rays, the synthesised nanoparticles were characterised. This study examined the elimination of COD and BOD utilising (CuNPs) at various (20–100 ppm) levels. Both the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the biological oxygen demand (BOD) were shown to be effectively removed by CuNPs. Additionally, the synthesised copper nanoparticles are highly effective at removing synthetic dyes like methyl orange (89%), methylene blue (95%), and malachite green (97%)

Extent of Awareness of Distance Learners of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

The present research was framed to assess the awareness level of distance learners of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. Three certificate courses were selected based on maximum number of enrollment, viz, Gardening &amp; landscaping, Mushroom production &amp; Solid waste management and vermicomposting. Ex-post facto research design was employed. A total of 150 respondents were selected from the three courses by equal allocation method proportionate random sampling. A well-structured questionnaire was prepared and the information was collected by sending questionnaires through post. The 108 individuals who responded were taken as the sample for the study. The results of the research pointed out that nearly three- fourths of the respondents possessed medium level of awareness on selected technologies

METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF EZETIMIBE AND SIMVASTATIN IN COMBINED PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM BY RP-HPLC METHOD

Abstract A simple, rapid reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Ezetimibe and Simvastatin in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Chromatography was carried out by using Chromosil C-18,column having 250 x 4.6mm internal diameter with a mixture of Methanol:Acetonitrile:0.1%Orthophosphoric Aid in the ratio of 75:20:05 (v/v/v) as mobile phase. Determination of the different analytical parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, and specificity, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) was done. The calibration curve was found to be linear for each analyte in the desired concentration range. The average recovery was found to be 99.88 and 100.12 for Ezetimibe and Simvastatin respectively. The proposed method is highly sensitive, precise and accurate, which was evident from the LOD value of 1.2ppm and 0.25ppm for Ezetimibe and Simvastatin respectively and hence the present method can be applied successfully for the quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content in the combined formulations of Ezetimibe and Simvastatin

Circulating LH/hCG receptor (LHCGR) may identify pre-treatment IVF patients at risk of OHSS and poor implantation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Successful pregnancy via <it>in vitro </it>fertilization (IVF) depends on the recovery of an adequate number of healthy oocytes and on blastocyst implantation following uterine transfer. Two hormones, LH and hCG, utilize a common LH/hCG receptor (LHCGR), variations in which have profound implications in human reproduction. Soluble LHCGR (sLHCGR) is released from experimental cell lines and placental explants and it can be detected in the follicular fluid and serum.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To evaluate the impact of circulating soluble LHCGR (sLHCGR) in fertility treatment, we measured sLHCGR and LH-sLHCGR complex in serum from women seeking IVF using specifically developed quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Following an IVF cycle of treatment, patients were grouped according to oocyte yield into low (lower than or equal to 7 oocytes), intermediate (8-14 oocytes) and high (greater than or equal to 15 oocytes) responders and pregnancy outcome noted.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Pre-treatment sLHCGR identified many women at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation. Low levels of sLHCGR were associated with pregnancy in both high and low responders but sLHCGR did not significantly affect the treatment outcome of intermediate responders. Low responders who failed to become pregnant had high levels of circulating sLHCGR bound to LH (LH-sLHCGR).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Pre-treatment measurement of sLHCGR could be used to tailor individual fertility treatment programs and improve outcomes by avoiding ovarian hyperstimulation and poor embryo implantation.</p

Enhanced antitumor effect of curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles in Dalton’s ascites lymphoma mice

Curcumin is widely known for its antibacterial, antioxidant and anti inflammatory effects and has been reported to possess anticancerous activity as well. However, its medical application is limited because of poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism. In this study, we encapsulated curcumin in solid lipid nanoparticles and studied its anticancerous effect in Dalton’s Ascites Lymphoma (DAL) mice model. The physicochemical characteristics of curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles (CUR-SLN) were assessed and the anticancer efficacy was determined by in vivo studies. The curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles were synthesized by solvent emulsification evaporation method with particle size less than 100 nm. Antitumor effect of nanocurcumin (50 mg/kg) and curcumin (100 mg/kg) was evaluated in Dalton’s Ascites Lymphoma bearing mice. Pathological and immunohistochemical parameters were studied. Mean survival time and percentage increase in lifespan were assessed. Nanocurcumin group showed more significant influence in reducing tumor volume and weight, inducing apoptosis, reducing angiogenesis and invasion restoring antioxidant parameters and increased mean survival time. Curcumin and nanocurcumin inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (Nf-kB), and thereby proved the pathway by which it induced anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive property