Возможности профилактики и восстановительного лечения последствий перинатального поражения центральной нервной системы у недоношенных детей

The socio-economic burden of the consequences of perinatal central nervous system damage in preterm infants remains an urgent healthcare issue. The review discusses the modern concepts of cerebral ischemia pathogenesis in prematures, the peculiarities of diagnosing structural brain lesions, and the ability to predict motor deficits in the future. The possibilities of assessing mental, motor development and social adaptation disorders of premature infants with consequences of perinatal pathology in the early stages of ontogenesis are described.. The modern views on rehabilitation and restorative treatment of premature infants with combined perinatal pathology are highlighted. The characteristics of non-invasive methods for early diagnosis of central nervous system pathology and therapeutic methods with the rationale for choosing preventive and curative measures and the further prediction of the disease course and outcome are given. The world experience of multidisciplinary rehabilitation of premature infants with combined perinatal pathology is highlighted.Социально-экономическое бремя последствий перинатального поражения центральной нервной системы у недоношенных детей остается актуальной проблемой здравоохранения. В обзоре обсуждаются современные представления о патогенезе церебральной ишемии у недоношенных, особенности диагностики структурных поражений головного мозга и возможности прогнозирования моторного дефицита в будущем. Описаны возможности оценки нарушения психического, моторного развития и социальной адаптации недоношенных детей с последствиями перинатальной патологии на ранних этапах онтогенеза. Освещены современные взгляды на реабилитацию и восстановительное лечение недоношенных детей с сочетанной перинатальной патологией. Даны характеристики неинвазивным методам ранней диагностики патологии центральной нервной системы, а также терапевтическим методам с обоснованием выбора профилактических и лечебных мероприятий и дальнейшим прогнозированием течения и исходов заболевания. Освещен мировой опыт организации мультидисциплинарной реабилитации недоношенных детей с сочетанной перинатальной патологией.ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ Не указан.КОНФЛИКТ ИНТЕРЕСОВ Авторы статьи подтвердили отсутствие конфликта интересов, о котором необходимо сообщить.

High activity redox catalysts synthesized by chemical vapor impregnation

The use of precious metals in heterogeneous catalysis relies on the preparation of small nanoparticles that are stable under reaction conditions. To date, most conventional routes used to prepare noble metal nanoparticles have drawbacks related to surface contamination, particle agglomeration, and reproducibility restraints. We have prepared titania-supported palladium (Pd) and platinum (Pt) catalysts using a simplified vapor deposition technique termed chemical vapor impregnation (CVI) that can be performed in any standard chemical laboratory. These materials, composed of nanoparticles typically below 3 nm in size, show remarkable activity under mild conditions for oxidation and hydrogenation reactions of industrial importance. We demonstrate the preparation of bimetallic Pd–Pt homogeneous alloy nanoparticles by this new CVI method, which show synergistic effects in toluene oxidation. The versatility of our CVI methodology to be able to tailor the composition and morphology of supported nanoparticles in an easily accessible and scalable manner is further demonstrated by the synthesis of Pdshell–Aucore nanoparticles using CVI deposition of Pd onto preformed Au nanoparticles supported on titania (prepared by sol immobilization) in addition to the presence of monometallic Au and Pd nanoparticles

Gene by Disease Interaction on Orbitofrontal Gray Matter in Cocaine Addiction

Chronic cocaine use has been associated with structural deficits in brain regions having dopamine receptive neurons. However, the concomitant use of other drugs and common genetic variability in monoamine regulation present additional structural variability. We therefore examined variations in gray matter volume (GMV) as a function of lifetime drug use and the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genotype in cocaine use disorders (CUD) and healthy controls

Virtual screening of chemical compounds active against breast cancer cell lines based on cell cycle modelling, prediction of cytotoxicity and interaction with targets

<div><p>Bio- and chemoinformatics methods are widely used for the detection of mechanisms of cancer, to search for potential drug targets and their ligands. Regulatory network analysis based on signalling pathways, and cell cycle regulation provides better understanding of diseases with multiple mechanisms of pathogenesis. We developed an approach for <i>in silico</i> prediction of the cytotoxic effect of chemical compounds in non-transformed and breast cancer cell lines. This approach combines the prediction of the interaction between chemical compounds and human proteins, cytotoxicity and regulatory network modelling taking into account gene expression. Application of our approach to virtual screening of libraries of commercially available compounds allowed selection of dozens of promising hits. These molecules are predicted to interact with the identified targets and exhibit cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines but not non-tumour human cell lines. Experimental testing of 49 selected compounds against MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines confirmed the activity of eight compounds with IC50 values ranged from 0.8 to 50 μM. Thus, the developed approach may be applied for virtual screening for cytotoxic compounds against tumour cell lines.</p></div

THE EXPERIENCE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT OF VESICO-DEPENDENT FORMS MEGAURETER IN CHILDREN

The article reflects one of the important challenges in pediatric urology — treatment of megaureter in children, the condition which can lead to sclerotic changes in renal parenchyma and development of chronic renal failure. The authors used the physiotherapeutic method of treatment, including electrophoresis with the anti-sclerotic agent at the area of bladder and lower third of ureters. The received results, demonstrating successful effect of this treatment, are represented in the article

Opportunities for Prevention and Rehabilitation Treatment of the Consequences of Perinatal Central Nervous System Damage in Premature Infants

The socio-economic burden of the consequences of perinatal central nervous system damage in preterm infants remains an urgent healthcare issue. The review discusses the modern concepts of cerebral ischemia pathogenesis in prematures, the peculiarities of diagnosing structural brain lesions, and the ability to predict motor deficits in the future. The possibilities of assessing mental, motor development and social adaptation disorders of premature infants with consequences of perinatal pathology in the early stages of ontogenesis are described.. The modern views on rehabilitation and restorative treatment of premature infants with combined perinatal pathology are highlighted. The characteristics of non-invasive methods for early diagnosis of central nervous system pathology and therapeutic methods with the rationale for choosing preventive and curative measures and the further prediction of the disease course and outcome are given. The world experience of multidisciplinary rehabilitation of premature infants with combined perinatal pathology is highlighted