Magnetic domain behaviour of Cu-ferrite doped with small quantities of Cd or Be ions

The temperature dependences of the ac-initial susceptibility Xac(T) of a Cu1-xMexFe2O4 ferrospinel system with Me = Cd/Be (size effect) and x = 0.05 were performed in 300 - 1100 K range. A remarkable thermal treatment cycling effects were observed. The tamperatures of blocking effect, Hopkinson effect, spontaneous spin-reorientation phase transition and Curie temperature were determined. The irreversible magnetic domain behaviour of Cu-Cd/Be ferrite system with single domain and multidomain particles were explained on the basis of cooperative Jahn-Teller effect (accompanied by ionic diffusion), magnetic anisotropy of this system and properties of magnetic particles

Survey of magnetic properties during and after amorphous-nanocrystalline transformation

In the first part of this paper, the metallurgical background of the amorphous-nanocrystalline transformation leading to the development of soft magnetic properties is discussed. The mechanisms of nucleation as well as grain growth hindering will be treated on the basis of metallurgical principles. The development of some technical magnetic properties during the nanocrystallization such as the loss characteristics and the change in the domain structure will be compared. Finally, the development of the field-induced anisotropy obtained during different heat treatments will be compared for the FINEMET-type and Fe-Zr based nanocrystalline alloys

Protein-Water and Protein-Buffer Interactions in the Aqueous Solution of an Intrinsically Unstructured Plant Dehydrin: NMR Intensity and DSC Aspects

Proton NMR intensity and differential scanning calorimetry measurements were carried out on an intrinsically unstructured late embryogenesis abundant protein, ERD10, the globular BSA, and various buffer solutions to characterize water and ion binding of proteins by this novel combination of experimental approaches. By quantifying the number of hydration water molecules, the results demonstrate the interaction between the protein and NaCl and between buffer and NaCl on a microscopic level. The findings overall provide direct evidence that the intrinsically unstructured ERD10 not only has a high hydration capacity but can also bind a large amount of charged solute ions. In accord, the dehydration stress function of this protein probably results from its simultaneous action of retaining water in the drying cells and preventing an adverse increase in ionic strength, thus countering deleterious effects such as protein denaturation

Cryo-Crystallography: Diffraction at Low Temperature and More

This chapter comments on the motivations and the methods of crystallographic studies at low temperature. Cry-crystallography is a brunch of Crystallography, a science that is too often confused with a technique. On the other hand, the scientific background to study crystal phases at low temperature is here provided, together with a survey of many possible techniques that provide complementary or supplementary information. Several applications are discussed, in particular in relation with highly accurate studies like electron density determination or phase transition mechanisms. © 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin-Heidelberg