Telegram from Leadership of Queens Council on the Arts to Geraldine Ferraro

Congratulatory telegram from Aida Gonzalez, President, and Jean P. Weiss, Executive Director, of the Queens Council on the Arts to Geraldine Ferraro. Includes two data entry sheets.https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/vice_presidential_campaign_correspondence_1984_new_york/1277/thumbnail.jp

The effectiveness of using carbonate isotope measurements of body tissues to infer diet in human evolution: Evidence from wild western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus)*

Changes in diet throughout hominin evolution have been linked with important evolutionary changes. Stable carbon isotope analysis of inorganic apatite carbonate is the main isotopic method used to reconstruct fossil hominin diets; to test its effectiveness as a paleodietary indicator we present bone and enamel carbonate carbon isotope data from a well-studied population of modern wild western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) of known sex and age from Taï, Cote d'Ivoire.We found a significant effect of age class on bone carbonate values, with adult chimpanzees being more 13C- and 18O-depleted compared to juveniles. Further, to investigate habitat effects, we compared our data to existing apatite data on eastern chimpanzees (P. troglodytes schweinfurthii) and found that the Taï chimpanzees are significantly more depleted in enamel d13Cap and d18Oap compared to their eastern counterparts. Our data are the first to present a range of tissue-specific isotope data from the same group of wild western chimpanzees and, as such, add new data to the growing number of modern non-human primate comparative isotope datasets providing valuable information for the interpretation of diet throughout hominin evolution. By comparing our data to published isotope data on fossil hominins we found that our modern chimpanzee bone and enamel data support hypotheses that the trend towards increased consumption of C4 foods after 4 Ma (millions of years ago) is unique to hominins

The analysis of some comprehension problems of kindergarten children

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University, 1949. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

Development and evaluation of lessons in socialized learning for grade I: volumes I-II

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Gamma-ray lines and One-Loop Continuum from s-channel Dark Matter Annihilations

The era of indirect detection searches for dark matter has begun, with the sensitivities of gamma-ray detectors now approaching the parameter space relevant for weakly interacting massive particles. In particular, gamma ray lines would be smoking gun signatures of dark matter annihilation, although they are typically suppressed compared to the continuum. In this paper, we pay particular attention to the 1-loop continuum generated together with the gamma-ray lines and investigate under which conditions a dark matter model can naturally lead to a line signal that is relatively enhanced. We study generic classes of models in which DM is a fermion that annihilates through an s-channel mediator which is either a vector or scalar and identify the coupling and mass conditions under which large line signals occur. We focus on the "forbidden channel mechanism" advocated a few years ago in the "Higgs in space" scenario for which tree level annihilation is kinematically forbidden today. Detailed calculations of all 1-loop annihilation channels are provided. We single out very simple models with a large line over continuum ratio and present general predictions for a large range of WIMP masses that are relevant not only for Fermi and Hess II but also for the next generation of telescopes such as CTA and Gamma-400. Constraints from the relic abundance, direct detection and collider bounds are also discussed.Comment: 32 pages, 13 figures; v2: minor clarifications, summary paragraph added; v3: matches published version, minor clarifications, results unchange

Telegram from George Livanos, President of the Chian Federation, to Geraldine Ferraro

Telegram from George P. Livanos, President of the Chian Federation, to Geraldine Ferraro. Includes data entry sheet.https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/vice_presidential_campaign_correspondence_1984_new_york/1242/thumbnail.jp

A Comparison of Sample Size and Power in Case-Only Association Studies of Gene-Environment Interaction

Assuming continuous, normally distributed environmental and categorical genotype variables, the authors compare 6 case-only designs for tests of association in gene-environment interaction. Novel tests modeling the environmental variable as either the response or the predictor and allowing a genetic variable with multiallelic variants are included. The authors show that tests imposing the same genotypic pattern of inheritance perform similarly regardless of whether genotype is the response variable or the predictor variable. The novel tests using the genetic variable as the response variable are advantageous because they are robust to non-normally distributed environmental exposures. Dominance deviance—deviation from additivity in the main or interaction effects—is key to test performance: When it is zero or modest, tests searching for a trend with increasing risk alleles are optimal; when it is large, tests for genotypic effects are optimal. However, the authors show that dominance deviance is attenuated when it is observed at a proxy locus, which is common in genome-wide association studies, so large dominance deviance is likely to be rare. The authors conclude that the trend test is the appropriate tool for large-scale association scans where the true gene-environment interaction model is unknown. The common practice of assuming a dominant pattern of inheritance can cause serious losses of power in the presence of any recessive, or modest dominant, effects

Fertility and post-reproductive longevity

Journal ArticleWe examine the effects of reproduction on longevity among mothers and fathers after age 60. This study is motivated by evolutionary theories of aging and theories predicting social benefits and costs of children to older parents. We use the Utah Population Database, that includes a large genealogical database from the Utah Family History Library. Cox proportional hazard models based on 13,987 couples married between 1860-1899 indicate that women with fewer children as well as those bearing children late in life live longer post-reproductive lives. As the burdens of motherhood increase, the relative gains in longevity of late fertile women increase compared to their non-late fertile counterparts. Husbands' longevity is less sensitive to reproductive history, although husbands have effects that are similar to those of their wives during the latter marriage cohort. We find some support for predictions based on evolutionary principles, but we also find evidence that implicates a role for shared marital environments

Conflicts between Main Contractor and Domestic Sub-Contractors in the Building Projects in Tanzania; Experiences and Causes

Conflicts are unavoidable in the projects; there is no project that is free from conflicts. At the same time, sub-contracting has been, and continues to be a very important aspect in building construction industry, as standard procedure in construction. Thus, the study aims at analyzing the conflicts between main contractor and domestic sub-contractors in building construction projects in Tanzania. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed in this research. Data was collected using questionnaires. A total of 38 questionnaires were distributed to building construction and domestic sub-contractors found in Dar-es-Salaam, and 32 were returned fairly filled for analysis accounting to 84.2%. On the experience in terms of the connection between main and sub-contractor; findings revealed 81.3% their relationship to be good. 43.8% said yes to have ever been in a project that did not go well because of problems between main and sub-contractor, while 53.1% said “no”. Moreover, on whether the project contract prepared are to each party specifications and satisfaction; 84.4% of the respondents said sometimes. In terms of the availability of a penalty clause in the project contract, if one of the parties fails to comply; 56.3% of the respondents said sometimes. 40.6% of the respondents said the payment is normally done immediately after completion. Furthermore, 75.0% said the contract is prepared by the main contractor. Besides, findings revealed PPRA as the most used form of sub-contract by 56.3% respondents. Additionally, 65.5% of the respondents have had a share of conflicts, either as a main contractor against a sub-contractor, or as a sub-contractor against a main contractor. Also, some respondents revealed, failing to follow instruction, delaying in materials delivery to site, poor quality of work, as well as main contractor’s squeezing them firmly on the quoted prices, leaving them fighting to make ends meet, alongside experiencing huge loses; as the main areas sparking the conflicts. Finally,69.6% reported the extent of occurrences of conflicts in Tanzanian building construction industry to be frequently. Moreover, Findings revealed delays in payment, poor communication, lack of trust, consultants delay in approving work and sample material, and shortage of construction materials in the market as well as unexpected price escalations are the factors with the highest frequency in causing conflicts. The study concludes that for the project to run smoothly and with less conflicts, proper attention must be paid to all recommendations such as good communication, cooperation and timely payment; early notice and proper records keeping; sub-contractor should have enough fund for project; certify work on time and timely payment; and risk management plan