581 research outputs found
Effect of Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery on Central Macular Thickness in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Subjects
Purpose: To assess the quantitative changes of macula in diabetic and non-diabetic eyes after uncomplicated cataract surgery.
Methods: In this prospective interventional study being performed in a tertiary healthcare hospital, a total of 660 eyes were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 330 eyes from healthy subjects and group 2 included 330 eyes from well-controlled diabetic subjects with no diabetic retinopathy planned for phacoemulsification with foldable IOL implantation by the same surgeon under similar settings. Optical Coherence Tomography (Heidelberg Spectralis SD-OCT) was used to assess preoperative and postoperative central macular thickness (CMT) at weeks 1 and 6.
Results: The mean CMT in group 1 preoperatively, at postoperative week 1, and at post-operative week 6 was 257.03 ± 20.904, 262.82 ± 17.010, and 265.15 ± 20.078 μm, respectively. The corresponding values in group 2 were 255.36 ± 17.852, 259.15 ± 16.644, and 266.09 ± 18.844 μm, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean CMT values between the two groups on any of the three occasions when the CMT was measured (P = 0.374 and P = 0.313 at weeks 1 and 6, respectively).
Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in CMT between normal subjects and diabetic subjects without diabetic retinopathy preoperatively and in early postoperative period after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery
Treatment outcome in patients with severe acute malnutrition managed with protocolised care at malnutrition treatment corner in Rajasthan, India: a prospective observational study (quasi-experimental)
Background: Malnutrition is rampant in paediatric age group. It is responsible for high morbidity, mortality and serious long term sequelae. In addition to critical care, a nutritional therapy followed by nutritional rehabilitation is a very important aspect for these children. Optimal management of these acutely ill children and a good outcome depends on an evidence based regimen of care.Methods: Total 75 cases were enrolled in the study and nursed in malnutrition treatment corner and were fed in appropriate composition and quantity as per Indian academy of pediatrics guidelines (initial and rehabilitation phase; F75, F100 and staple food). All children were assessed daily for weight gain, improvement in clinical status, feeding problem, compliance with the treatment and improvement in the appetite.Results: Out of 75 patients 63 (84%) patients were discharged. Dropout rate and mortality rate was 16% and 1.3% respectively. Majority patients were admitted for two weeks with mean duration of stay being 14.13 ± 9.1 days. Weight gain was good in 45, moderate in 22 and poor in 4 patients while 4 patients had weight loss during malnutrition treatment corner stay. Rate of weight gain was good in initial two weeks but as stay increased, rate of weight gain decreased in 3rd and 4th week with mean weight gain of 12.12±7.67 gm/kg/day. Twenty nine patients came for follow up after discharge and among them, 15(51.7%) patients had poor rate of weight gain, 9(31%) had moderate and 2 (6.89%) patients had good rate of weight gain whereas 3 patients had weight loss on follow up.Conclusions: Severely malnourished children have a better weight gain and improvement in nutritional status while receiving protocolised care in malnutrition treatment corner, which results in faster recovery because it is well accepted and better tolerated. Hospital based management of these children in specialised feeding centre is very important for regaining lost weight.
An eccentric companion at the edge of the brown dwarf desert orbiting the 2.4 Msun giant star HIP67537
We report the discovery of a substellar companion around the giant star
HIP67537. Based on precision radial velocity measurements from CHIRON and FEROS
high-resolution spectroscopic data, we derived the following orbital elements
for HIP67537: msin = 11.1 M,
= 4.9 AU and = 0.59. Considering
random inclination angles, this object has 65% probability to be
above the theoretical deuterium-burning limit, thus it is one of the few known
objects in the planet to brown-dwarf transition region. In addition, we
analyzed the Hipparcos astrometric data of this star, from which we derived a
minimum inclination angle for the companion of 2 deg. This value
corresponds to an upper mass limit of 0.3 M, therefore the
probability that HIP67537 is stellar in nature is 7%. The large
mass of the host star and the high orbital eccentricity makes HIP67537 a
very interesting and rare substellar object. This is the second candidate
companion in the brown dwarf desert detected in the sample of intermediate-mass
stars targeted by the EXPRESS radial velocity program, which corresponds to a
detection fraction of = 1.6%. This value is larger than the
fraction observed in solar-type stars, providing new observational evidence of
an enhanced formation efficiency of massive substellar companions in massive
disks. Finally, we speculate about different formation channels for this
object.Comment: Accepted for publication to A&
Search for associations containing young stars (SACY) VII. New stellar and substellar candidate members in the young associations
The young associations offer us one of the best opportunities to study the
properties of young stellar and substellar objects and to directly image
planets thanks to their proximity (200 pc) and age (5-150 Myr).
However, many previous works have been limited to identifying the brighter,
more active members (1 M) owing to photometric survey
sensitivities limiting the detections of lower mass objects. We search the
field of view of 542 previously identified members of the young associations to
identify wide or extremely wide (1000-100,000 au in physical separation)
companions. We combined 2MASS near-infrared photometry (, , ) with
proper motion values (from UCAC4, PPMXL, NOMAD) to identify companions in the
field of view of known members. We collated further photometry and spectroscopy
from the literature and conducted our own high-resolution spectroscopic
observations for a subsample of candidate members. This complementary
information allowed us to assess the efficiency of our method. We identified 84
targets (45: 0.2-1.3 M, 17: 0.08-0.2 M, 22: 0.08 M)
in our analysis, ten of which have been identified from spectroscopic analysis
in previous young association works. For 33 of these 84, we were able to
further assess their membership using a variety of properties (X-ray emission,
UV excess, H, lithium and K I equivalent widths, radial velocities,
and CaH indices). We derive a success rate of 76-88% for this technique based
on the consistency of these properties. Once confirmed, the targets identified
in this work would significantly improve our knowledge of the lower mass end of
the young associations. Additionally, these targets would make an ideal new
sample for the identification and study of planets around nearby young stars.Comment: 28 pages, 24 figures, accepted in A&
Treatment of hip fractures using a minimal invasive approach for bipolar arthroplasty—a randomized trial
Four new planets around giant stars and the mass-metallicity correlation of planet-hosting stars
CONTEXT. Exoplanet searches have demonstrated that giant planets are
preferentially found around metal-rich stars and that their fraction increases
with the stellar mass. AIMS. During the past six years, we have conducted a
radial velocity follow-up program of 166 giant stars, to detect substellar
companions, and characterizing their orbital properties. Using this
information, we aim to study the role of the stellar evolution in the orbital
parameters of the companions, and to unveil possible correlations between the
stellar properties and the occurrence rate of giant planets. METHODS. Using
FEROS and CHIRON spectra, we have computed precision radial velocities and we
have derived atmospheric and physical parameters for all of our targets.
Additionally, velocities computed from UCLES spectra are presented here. By
studying the periodic radial velocity signals, we have detected the presence of
several substellar companions. RESULTS. We present four new planetary systems
around the giant stars HIP8541, HIP74890, HIP84056 and HIP95124. Additionally,
we find that giant planets are more frequent around metal-rich stars, reaching
a peak in the detection of = 16.7% around stars with
[Fe/H] 0.35 dex. Similarly, we observe a positive correlation of the
planet occurrence rate with the stellar mass, between M 1.0 -2.1
M, with a maximum of = 13.0%, at M = 2.1
M. CONCLUSIONS. We conclude that giant planets are preferentially
formed around metal-rich stars. Also, we conclude that they are more
efficiently formed around more massive stars, in the mass range of M
1.0 - 2.1 M. These observational results confirm previous
findings for solar-type and post-MS hosting stars, and provide further support
to the core-accretion formation model.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&
Early optical spectra of nova V1369 Cen show presence of Lithium
We present early high resolution spectroscopic observations of the nova V1369
Cen. We have detected an absorption feature at 6695.6 \AA\, that we have
identified as blue--shifted Li I 6708 \AA. The absorption line,
moving at -550 km/s, was observed in five high-resolution spectra of the nova
obtained at different epochs. On the basis of the intensity of this absorption
line we infer that a single nova outburst can inject in the Galaxy
0.3 - 4.8 M. Given the current estimates of
Galactic nova rate, this amount is sufficient to explain the puzzling origin of
the overabundance of Lithium observed in young star populations.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJLetter
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