Nauka i sztuka. Wokół konserwatorskich prac nad płaskorzeźbą Stanisława Wyspiańskiego pt. „Macierzyństwo" wykonaną w plastelinie

The problem undertaken in this article concerns a complicated, but also an extremely interesting both for science and the art of conservation of the repair of a bas-relief of a sculpture Macierzyństwo [Motherhood] executed in plasticine by Stanisław Wyspiański in 1902. Due to the untypical material which was used to make this relief, there are no practical examples of conservation and references in literature, this conservation work should be treated as a certain kind of experiment in art conservation which belongs to the realm of art, but which is also carried out based on scientific methods.During conservation work on this relief particularly protected were numerous fingerprints of Wyspiański himself which he had left on the sculpture. These carriers of historical memory of the great master, invest the masterpiece with a specific character of the texture of a bas-relief and offer a closer contact of the viewer with the deceased artist and his work of art.The problem undertaken in this article concerns a complicated, but also an extremely interesting both for science and the art of conservation of the repair of a bas-relief of a sculpture Macierzyństwo [Motherhood] executed in plasticine by Stanisław Wyspiański in 1902. Due to the untypical material which was used to make this relief, there are no practical examples of conservation and references in literature, this conservation work should be treated as a certain kind of experiment in art conservation which belongs to the realm of art, but which is also carried out based on scientific methods.During conservation work on this relief particularly protected were numerous fingerprints of Wyspiański himself which he had left on the sculpture. These carriers of historical memory of the great master, invest the masterpiece with a specific character of the texture of a bas-relief and offer a closer contact of the viewer with the deceased artist and his work of art

PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF REMOVED WOOD MATERIAL FROM POLYCHROME SCULPTURES WITH PLASTIC SHELL

The subject of preservating operations discussed by the author consisted in the polychrome St. Ann statue from Szczytna Śląska the wood material of which has been almost entirely destroyed by lignicole insects. The polychrome surface was secured by glueing on й the threefold layer of gauze placed on a bed prepared from the stearin-paraffin m ix ture. Then the decayed wood material was removed from the statue’s interior so that only quite thin layer of it has been left immediately underneath the polychrome paint coat and in turn saturated with 5 per cent solution of acetal polyvinyl acetate. The interior of statue has been lined with the layer of preparation and lime wood dust mixed together in 50 to 50 per cent proportion. For the third time the same medium has been applied in 5 per cent solution for glueing of the glass fibre fabric strips with which the statue’s interior was lined. It deserves to be pointed out that all the above three operations are fully reversible. To reinforce the whole the interior was lined with plates formed of the putty consisting of „Epidian 5” mixed with lime wood dust which in case of need may be easily removed owing to the presence of spacings especially left between them. The protective gauze layer has been removed mechanically from polychrome surfaces and, finally, the whole cleansed thoroughly with light petrol

Restoration work at Ojców castle in 2018-2019

The article is a short report on the restoration work carried out at Ojców Castle in 2018–2019. The works, conducted after many years of neglect, included the renovation of the gatehouse and the tower, as well as adaptation of the latter for visiting. During the work some extensive architectural and archaeological surveys were introduce

Hyperglycemia Changes Expression of Key Adipogenesis Markers (C/EBPα and PPARᵞ)and Morphology of Differentiating Human Visceral Adipocytes

Disturbances in adipose tissue significantly contribute to the development of metabolic disorders, which are connected with hyperglycemia (HG) and underlain by epigenetics-based mechanisms. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of hyperglycemia on proliferating, differentiating and maturating human visceral pre/adipocytes (HPA-v). Three stages of cell culture were conducted under constant or variable glycemic conditions. Adipogenesis progress was assessed using BODIPY 505/515 staining. Lipid content typical for normal and hyperglycemic conditions of adipocytes was analyzed using Raman spectroscopy and imaging. Expression of adipogenic markers, PPARγ and C/EBPα, was determined at the mRNA and protein levels. We also examined expression of miRNAs proven to target PPARγ (miR-34a-5p) and C/EBPα (miR-137-3p), employing TaqMan Low-Density Arrays (TLDA) cards. Hyperglycemia altered morphology of differentiating HPA-v in relation to normoglycemia by accelerating the formation of lipid droplets and making their numbers and volume increase. Raman results confirmed that the qualitative and quantitative lipid composition under normal and hyperglycemic conditions were different, and that the number of lipid droplets increased in (HG)-treated cells. Expression profiles of both examined genes markedly changed either during adipogenesis under physiological and hyperglycemic conditions, orat particular stages of adipogenesis upon chronic and/or variable glycemia. Expression levels of PPARγ seemed to correspond to some expression changes of miR-34a-5p. miR-137-3p, whose expression was rather stable throughout the culture, did not seem to affect C/EBPα. Our observations revealed that chronic and intermittent hyperglycemia change the morphology of visceral pre/adipocytes during adipogenesis. Moreover, hyperglycemia may utilize miR-34a-5p to induce some expression changes in PPARγ