Comparative analysis of toxic responses of organic extracts from diesel and selected alternative fuels engine emissions in human lung BEAS-2B cells

This study used toxicogenomics to identify the complex biological response of human lung BEAS-2B cells treated with organic components of particulate matter in the exhaust of a diesel engine. First, we characterized particles from standard diesel (B0), biodiesel (methylesters of rapeseed oil) in its neat form (B100) and 30% by volume blend with diesel fuel (B30), and neat hydrotreated vegetable oil (NEXBTL100). The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives in organic extracts was the lowest for NEXBTL100 and higher for biodiesel. We further analyzed global gene expression changes in BEAS-2B cells following 4 h and 24 h treatment with extracts. The concentrations of 50 mu g extract/mL induced a similar molecular response. The common processes induced after 4 h treatment included antioxidant defense, metabolism of xenobiotics and lipids, suppression of pro-apoptotic stimuli, or induction of plasminogen activating cascade; 24 h treatment affected fewer processes, particularly those involved in detoxification of xenobiotics, including PAHs. The majority of distinctively deregulated genes detected after both 4 h and 24 h treatment were induced by NEXBTL100; the deregulated genes included, e.g., those involved in antioxidant defense and cell cycle regulation and proliferation. B100 extract, with the highest PAH concentrations, additionally affected several cell cycle regulatory genes and p38 signaling.Web of Science1711art. no. 183

Применение технологии набрызгбетонирования в Новоавстрийском Методе Туннелирования (NATM)

У статті проаналізовані суть і основні принципи Новоавстрійського Методу Тунелювання (NATM), що широко застосовується в зарубіжній практиці будівництва транспортних тунелів. Також розглянуто застосування технології торкретування, яка лежить в основі методу.Essence and basic principles of New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM), which widely used in foreign practice building of transport tunnels, is analysed in the article. Application of gunite technology, being the basis of method, is also considered

Development of housing prices in small municipalities near large cities during the COVID-19 pandemic

The diploma thesis is focused on the development of housing prices in small villages near large cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The introduction defines the basic concepts used and describes the methodology for determining statistical calculations on the issue. The following chapter describes the database that was compiled in order to meet the content of the thesis and is subsequently evaluated. The data entered in the database are generated from the Valuo program and the stated amounts are the prices at which the advertised flats were sold for the period January 2016 to January 2021. The work examines the development of realized housing prices in three specific cities (Slavkov u Brna, Šlapanice and Vyškov), which are located near the city of Brno. Subsequently, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the growth or decline of their price is evaluated. The evaluation and comparison of the results of the diploma thesis is given in the conclusion

Methods of building price determination

This thesis defines the methods of building price determination. In my work I tried to explain the concepts related to budgeting and valuation, to describe and use methods for determining specific prices for my chosen family house in the town Bílina. The first part is used to get acquainted with the terminology related to the creation of the budget and the use of valuation methods in construction. I also tried to describe the principles and rules of budgeting and specific valuation methods, which I used on my chosen family house. The second part contains a practical solution to the problem. First, I create a budget in the budget program BUILDpowerS and then, here I use valuation methods and create prices for a family house. Finally, I compared the prices, which were created using valuation methods and the created budget, evaluated and its subsequent use

Development of housing prices in small municipalities near large cities during the COVID-19 pandemic

Diplomová práce je zaměřena na problematiku vývoje cen bytů v malých obcích blízko velkých měst v období pandemie COVID-19. V úvodu práce jsou definovány používané základní pojmy a popsána metodika pro stanovení statistických výpočtů k dané problematice. V následující kapitole je popsána databáze, která byla za účelem splnění náplně diplomové práce sestavena a následně je vyhodnocena. Data zanesená v databázi jsou vygenerovány z programu Valuo a uvedené částky jsou ceny, za které byly inzerované byty prodány za období leden 2016 až leden 2021. V práci je zkoumán vývoj realizovaných cen bytů ve třech konkrétních městech (Slavkov u Brna, Šlapanice a Vyškov), které leží v blízkosti města Brno. Následně je vyhodnocován vliv pandemie COVID-19 na růst či pokles jejich ceny. Zhodnocení a porovnání výsledků diplomové práce je uvedeno v závěru.The diploma thesis is focused on the development of housing prices in small villages near large cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The introduction defines the basic concepts used and describes the methodology for determining statistical calculations on the issue. The following chapter describes the database that was compiled in order to meet the content of the thesis and is subsequently evaluated. The data entered in the database are generated from the Valuo program and the stated amounts are the prices at which the advertised flats were sold for the period January 2016 to January 2021. The work examines the development of realized housing prices in three specific cities (Slavkov u Brna, Šlapanice and Vyškov), which are located near the city of Brno. Subsequently, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the growth or decline of their price is evaluated. The evaluation and comparison of the results of the diploma thesis is given in the conclusion.

Price analysis of the selected building

This bachelor thesis will address optimization of price of construction work building in Brno. The main part of the building object I choose the roof structure. From a price optimization program will be used BuildPowerS from RTS. As input materials will be use dan itemized budget from a specific building supply company. The first part is devoted to the terminology associated with apporoach to budgeting and calculations. The second part is devoted to the practical part, where I compare the prices of the roof construction of the price ptimalization program BuildPowerS form RTS and the prices of specific building supply company. Finally, calculations are compared and determined whether the calculation of the specific building supply company is the right

Changes in Sphingolipid Profile of Benzo[a]pyrene-Transformed Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Are Reflected in the Altered Composition of Sphingolipids in Their Exosomes

Sphingolipids (SLs), glycosphingolipids (GSLs), and eicosanoids are bioactive lipids, which play important roles in the etiology of various diseases, including cancer. However, their content and roles in cancer cells, and in particular in the exosomes derived from tumor cells, remain insufficiently characterized. In this study, we evaluated alterations of SL and GSL levels in transformed cells and their exosomes, using comparative HPLC-MS/MS analysis of parental human bronchial epithelial cells HBEC-12KT and their derivative, benzo[a]pyrene-transformed HBEC-12KT-B1 cells with the acquired mesenchymal phenotype. We examined in parallel SL/GSL contents in the exosomes released from both cell lines. We found significant alterations of the SL/GSL profile in the transformed cell line, which corresponded well with alterations of the SL/GSL profile in exosomes derived from these cells. This suggested that a majority of SLs and GSLs were transported by exosomes in the same relative pattern as in the cells of origin. The only exceptions included decreased contents of sphingosin, sphingosin-1-phosphate, and lactosylceramide in exosomes derived from the transformed cells, as compared with the exosomes derived from the parental cell line. Importantly, we found increased levels of ceramide phosphate, globoside Gb3, and ganglioside GD3 in the exosomes derived from the transformed cells. These positive modulators of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and other pro-carcinogenic processes might thus also contribute to cancer progression in recipient cells. In addition, the transformed HBEC-12KT-B1 cells also produced increased amounts of eicosanoids, in particular prostaglandin E2. Taken together, the exosomes derived from the transformed cells with specifically upregulated SL and GSL species, and increased levels of eicosanoids, might contribute to changes within the cancer microenvironment and in recipient cells, which could in turn participate in cancer development. Future studies should address specific roles of individual SL and GSL species identified in the present study

Consensus Toxicity Factors for Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls Combining in Silico Models and Extensive in Vitro Screening of AhR-Mediated Effects in Human and Rodent Cells

Consensus toxicity factors (CTFs) were developed as a novel approach to establish toxicity factors for risk assessment of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). Eighteen polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and biphenyls (PCBs) with assigned World Health Organization toxic equivalency factors (WHO-TEFs) and two additional PCBs were screened in 17 human and rodent bioassays to assess their induction of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-related responses. For each bioassay and compound, relative effect potency values (REPs) compared to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin were calculated and analyzed. The responses in the human and rodent cell bioassays generally differed. Most notably, the human cell models responded only weakly to PCBs, with 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) being the only PCB that frequently evoked sufficiently strong responses in human cells to permit us to calculate REP values. Calculated REPs for PCB126 were more than 30 times lower than the WHO-TEF value for PCB126. CTFs were calculated using score and loading vectors from a principal component analysis to establish the ranking of the compounds and, by rescaling, also to provide numerical differences between the different congeners corresponding to the TEF scheme. The CTFs were based on rat and human bioassay data and indicated a significant deviation for PCBs but also for certain PCDD/Fs from the WHO-TEF values. The human CTFs for 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, and 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-heptachlorodibenzofuran were up to 10 times greater than their WHO-TEF values. Quantitative structure-activity relationship models were used to predict CTFs for untested WHO-TEF compounds, suggesting that the WHO-TEF value for 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran could be underestimated by an order of magnitude for both human and rodent models. Our results indicate that the CTF approach provides a powerful tool for condensing data from batteries of screening tests using compounds with similar mechanisms of action, which can be used to improve risk assessment of DLCs