33 research outputs found
Chilorophyil Fluorescence Responses to Pesticides with Copper Active Ingredient in Pannon frankos and NarancsĂzƱ grape varieties
Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM) fiuorometry is a sensitive and rapid method used to assess toxic effect of chemical components in plants. This study evaluates the difference in leaf sensitivity of two grapevine varieties, Pannon frankos and NarancsĂzƱ, to copper. The Photosynthetic efficiency of the varieties was measured as the ratio of variable to maximal chlorophyil fiuorescence (Fv/Fm). Young and older leaves of these varieties were exposed to four different pesticides with copper active ingredients in the recommended dosage: BordĂłi por (copper sulphate), Champion (copper hydroxide), RĂ©zoxiklorid (copper-oxychloride) and Ridomil Gold Plus (mefenoxamcopper-oxychlorid) and their physiology were studied 4 times, on the 27, 4", 8" and 12" days after treatments. These pesticides caused proportional decrease in the photosynthetic efficiency
Chlorophyil fiuorescence, an indicator of plant physiology disorder
Chlorophyil fluorescence analysis has become one of the most powerful and widely used techniques available to plant physiologists and ecophysioloqists. This review aims to provide an introduction for the novice into the methodology and applications of chlorophyil fluorescence. After a brief introduction into the theoretical background of the technique, the methodology and some of the technical pitfalls that can be encountered are explained. A selection of examples is then used to illustrate the types of information that fluorescence can provide. In recent years, the technique of chlorophyil fluorescence has become ubiquitous in Plant ecophysiology studies. No investigation into the photosynthetic performance of plants under field conditions seems complete without some fluorescence data
Copper fluorescence based copper toxicity assessment of two grape varieties
Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis has become one of the most powerful and widely used techniques available to plant physiologists and ecophysiologists. This review aims to provide an introduction for the novice into the methodology and applications of chlorophyll fluorescence. After a brief introduction into the theoretical background of the technique, the methodology and some of the technical pitfalls that can be encountered are explained. A selection of examples is then used to illustrate the types of information that fluorescence can provide. In recent years, the technique of chlorophyll fluorescence has become ubiquitous in plant ecophysiology studies. This study evaluates the difference in leaf sensitivity of two grapevine varieties, Pannon frankos and NarancsĂzƱ, to copper. The photosynthetic efficiency of the varieties was measured as the ratio of variable to maximal chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm). Young and older leaves of these varieties were exposed to four different pesticides with copper active ingredients in the recommended dosage: BordĂłi por (copper sulphate), Champion 50 WP (copper hydroxide), RĂ©zoxiklorid 50 WP (copper-oxychloride) and
Ridomil Gold Plus 42,5 WP (mefenoxam+copper-oxychlorid) and their physiology were studied 4 times, on
the 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th days after treatments. These pesticides caused proportional decrease in the
photosynthetic efficiency
Copper fluorescence based copper toxicity assessment of two grape varieties
Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis has become one of the most powerful and widely used techniques available to plant physiologists and ecophysiologists. This review aims to provide an introduction for the novice into the methodology and applications of chlorophyll fluorescence. After a brief introduction into the theoretical background of the technique, the methodology and some of the technical pitfalls that can be encountered are explained. A selection of examples is then used to illustrate the types of information that fluorescence can provide. In recent years, the technique of chlorophyll fluorescence has become ubiquitous in plant ecophysiology studies. This study evaluates the difference in leaf sensitivity of two grapevine varieties, Pannon frankos and NarancsĂzƱ, to copper. The photosynthetic efficiency of the varieties was measured as the ratio of variable to maximal chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm). Young and older leaves of these varieties were exposed to four different pesticides with copper active ingredients in the recommended dosage: BordĂłi por (copper sulphate), Champion 50 WP (copper hydroxide), RĂ©zoxiklorid 50 WP (copper-oxychloride) and Ridomil Gold Plus 42,5 WP (mefenoxam+copper-oxychlorid) and their physiology were studied 4 times, on the 2nd , 4th, 8th and 12th days after treatments. These pesticides caused proportional decrease in the photosynthetic efficiency
Leaf macronutrient composition of grapes in South plain Hungarian vineyards
In our study analysis of samples of vine leaves taken in the different phases of vegetation was carried out in
three years, 2010-2012. Our analysis confirmed the translocation of nutrient elements in varying degrees.
Laboratory tests were made on about eight thousand leaf samples in our laboratory (Soil and Plant Testing
Laboratory of Faculty of Horticulture, Kecskemét College). The results of sample tests, largely arriving from
the Southern Hungarian plain region, mainly BĂĄcs-Kiskun county, showed that the level of the main nutrient
elements from bloom to the completion of maturation tends to decrease. In the case of phosphorus, a
continuous slow decline was shown, while N and K varied according to a curve; increase in the beginning of
ripening and significant decrease afterwards. Changing in the ratios of some main nutrients (N/K and K/Mg)
was also shown. Low level of potassium and phosphorus was observed in about one fifth of the samples, so
increase in P and K fertilization may be proposed
Lichens as potential indicators of environmental harm
Environmental protection is one of the most important issues of our time; thereby there is an increasing
awareness to regulate activities that degrade the environment pollution. Physical and chemical instrumentations provide accurate quantitative data to the various substances that are polluting but do not give a true picture of the extent of contamination that has impact on living organisms. The environmental impact on organisms and its effects on habitat can be detected by bioindicator plants. We chose Cladonia lichen as a biological indicator. We
measured the photosynthetic activity of the algae cells and applied chlorophyll fluorescence induction method
for the detection of environmental impacts. The most harmful toxic elements are Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb and
toxic gases are NO2, SO2. We measured the accumulation of toxic elements in Cladonia lichen populations.
Today, the pollution of our environment is mostly caused by cars. A significant amount of Pb in the air comes
from the exhaust gases of motor vehicles and contaminant are deposited along the roads. The measurement
results confirm that lead contamination have been multiplied by six in the Buda crossing due to the heavy traffic. Transplanted lichen colonies show that the Cd contamination is more than thirty-fold at busy roads than in the National Park. The Cr value also increased by more than double, so it can be stated that mostly roads are blamed for the raise of the level of such toxic elements
Az Aletta Ă©s Bianca szĆlĆfajtĂĄk összehasonlĂtĂł vizsgĂĄlata = The comparison of Aletta and Bianca grape varieties
ĂsszefoglalĂĄs: Az utĂłbbi Ă©vtizedekben felĂ©rtĂ©kelĆdött az organikus növĂ©nytermesztĂ©si szemlĂ©let. A SzĆlĂ©szeti Ă©s BorĂĄszati KutatĂł IntĂ©zet Egri ĂllomĂĄsĂĄn több olyan bor- Ă©s csemegeszĆlĆ fajtĂĄt ĂĄllĂtottak elĆ, melyek labruscaĂz mentesek, jĂł lombrezisztenciĂĄval rendelkeznek. Az Aletta szĆlĆfajtĂĄt a Muscat Ottonel Ă©s Seyve-Villard 12375 fajtĂĄk keresztezĂ©sĂ©vel ĂĄllĂtottĂĄk elĆ. A fajta minĆsĂtĂ©si folyamatĂĄban a Bianca fajtĂĄval hasonlĂtottĂĄk össze. Az Aletta termĂ©s mennyisĂ©ge csaknem kĂ©tszerese a BiancĂĄnĂĄl, mely a nagyobb rĂŒgytermĂ©kenysĂ©gnek Ă©s nagyobb fĂŒrttömegnek köszönhetĆ. Mustfoka alul marad a Bianca fajtĂĄnak, viszont bora illatosabb Ă©s harmonikusabb. TökĂ©je erĆteljes növekedĂ©sƱ, lombszerkezete kedvezĆ a gyengĂ©n fejlĆdĆ hĂłnaljhajtĂĄsok miatt. Mivel alsĂł rĂŒgyei is termĂ©kenyek, rövid csapos metszĂ©s szĂŒksĂ©ges. Nagyobb terhelĂ©s mellett a termĂ©sĂĄtlaga elĂ©ri a 15-20 tonnĂĄt hektĂĄronkĂ©nt. Az alacsony szĆlĆ felvĂĄsĂĄrlĂĄsi ĂĄrak miatt a termelĆk törekednek a minĂ©l nagyobb termĂ©s elĂ©rĂ©sĂ©re. SzĆlĆjĂ©bĆl asztali bor kĂ©szĂŒl, ezĂ©rt a minĆsĂ©g romlĂĄsa kevĂ©sbĂ© fontos. Az Aletta fajta termesztĂ©se biztonsĂĄgos jĂł fagy, peronoszpĂłra- Ă©s rothadĂĄstƱrĆ kĂ©pessĂ©ge miatt. JĂłl illeszkedik az alacsony önköltsĂ©g-stratĂ©giĂĄjĂș alföldi szĆlĆtermesztĂ©s stratĂ©giĂĄba
Homoki szĆlĆĂŒltetvĂ©ny gyomflĂłrĂĄja = Weed vegetation of a vineyard on sandy
Homoki szĆlĆĂŒltetvĂ©nyekben kĂŒlönösen veszĂ©lyes konkurenciĂĄt
jelentenek a gyomnövĂ©nyek a szĆlĆnek. Vizet Ă©s tĂĄpanyagokat
vonnak el a kultĂșrnövĂ©nytĆl, valamint ĂĄrnyĂ©kolhatnak is.
A KecskemĂ©ti FĆiskola KertĂ©szeti FĆiskolai Kara bemutatĂłkerti
szĆlĆĂŒltetvĂ©nyben vĂ©geztĂŒnk gyomfelvĂ©telezĂ©seket. A
felvételezések 5 x 2 m-es parcellåkon történtek.
Négyféle gyomtårsulåst talåltunk:
1. kirålydinnyés,
2. kövérporcsinos,
3. disznóparéjos-libatopos,
4. aprĂłszulĂĄkos
Egyes növĂ©nyvĂ©dĆ szerek hatĂĄsa a fĂĄcĂĄn embrionĂĄlis fejlĆdĂ©sĂ©re
A gyakorlatban alkalmazott növĂ©nyvĂ©dĆ szerek nemcsak az emberre, hanem az Ă©lĆvilĂĄgra is veszĂ©lyt jelentenek. E problĂ©ma felismerĂ©sĂ©t a peszticid-toxikolĂłgia Ășj terĂŒlete, az ökotoxikolĂłgia tette lehetĆvĂ©. E szakterĂŒlet ismeretanyagĂĄt kĂvĂĄntam bĆvĂteni, amikor a Maloran 50 WP Ă©s a Shumithion 50 EC növĂ©nyvĂ©dĆ szer toxikus hatĂĄsĂĄt vizsgĂĄltam a fĂĄcĂĄn reprodukciĂłjĂĄra. Az embrionĂĄlis fejlĆdĂ©sre gyakorolt hatĂĄst tyĂșktojĂĄsokon vĂ©geztem. A tojĂĄsok egyik rĂ©szĂ©t lĂ©gkamrĂĄn keresztĂŒl injektĂĄlĂĄssal, a mĂĄsik rĂ©szĂ©t permetezĂ©ssel kezeltem. A tojĂĄsokbĂłl meghatĂĄroztam az embriĂłhalandĂłsĂĄgot, az embriĂłk esetleges fejlĆdĂ©si rendellenessĂ©geit Ă©s megvizsgĂĄltam az embriĂłk növekedĂ©sĂ©nek jellemzĆit. Az eredmĂ©nyek ismeretĂ©ben megĂĄllapĂthatjuk, hogy a Maloran 50 WP Ă©s a Shumithion 50 EC az embrionĂĄlis szakaszban a kontrollhoz kĂ©pest nagyobb toxicitĂĄst mutatott