Evaluation of BM-573, a novel TXA2 synthase inhibitor and receptor antagonist, in a porcine model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion

Aims: To investigate whether BM-573 (N-tert-butyl-N'-[2-(4'-methylphenylam\ino)-5-nitro-benzenesulfonyl]urea), an original combined thromboxane A(2) synthase inhibitor and receptor antagonist, prevents reperfusion injury in acutely ischemic pigs. Methods: Twelve animals were randomly divided in two groups: a control group (n = 6) intravenously infused with vehicle, and a BM-573-treated group (n = 6) infused with BM-573 (10 mg kg(-1) h(-1)). In both groups, the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was Occluded for 60 min and reperfused for 240 min. Either vehicle or BM-573 was infused 30 min before LAD occlusion and throughout the experiment. Platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid ex vivo measured was prevented by BM-573. Results: In both groups, LAD occlusion decreased cardiac output, ejection fraction, slope of stroke work-end-diastolic volume relationship, and induced end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) rightward shift, while left ventricular afterload increased. Ventriculo-arterial coupling and mechanical efficiency decreased. In both groups, reperfusion further decreased cardiac output and ejection fraction, while ESPVR displayed a further rightward shift. Ventriculo-arterial coupling and mechanical efficiency remained impaired. Area at risk, evidenced with Evans blue, was 33.2 +/- 3.4% of the LV mass (LVM) in both groups, and mean infarct size, revealed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), was 27.3 +/- 2.6% of the LVM in the BM-573-treated group (NS). Histological examination and immunohistochemical identification of desmin revealed necrosis in the anteroseptal region similar in both groups, while myocardial ATP dosages and electron microscopy also showed that BM-573 had no cardioprotective effect. Conclusions: These data suggest that BM-573 failed to prevent reperfusion injury in acutely ischemic pigs. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Surveillance of effects of HPV vaccination in Belgium

Early effects of HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccination are reflected by changes observable in young women attending cervical cancer screening.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Surveillance of effects of HPV vaccination in Belgium journaltitle: Cancer Epidemiology articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2015.12.011 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.status: publishe

Surveillance of effects of HPV vaccination in Belgium

Background: Early effects of HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccination are reflected by changes observable in young women attending cervical cancer screening. Subject and methods: The SEHIB study included HPV geno-typing of ∼6000 continuous and 650 pathological cervical cell specimen as well as biopsies, collected from women in Belgium in 2010–2014. Data were linked to vaccination status. Results: HPV vaccination offered protection among women aged(vaccine effectiveness [VE] = 67%, 95% CI: 48–79%), HPV18 (VE = 93%, 95% CI: 52–99%), and high-risk HPV (VE = 16%, 95% CI: 2–29%). Vaccination protected also against cytological lesions. Vaccination protected against histologically confirmed lesions: significantly lower absolute risks of CIN1+ (risk difference [RD] = −1.6%, 95% CI: −2.6% to −0.7%) and CIN3+ associated with HPV16/18 (RD = −0.3%, 95% CI −0.6% to −0.1%). Vaccine effectiveness decreased with age. Protection against HPV16 and 18 infection was significant in all age groups, however no protection was observed against cytological lesions associated with these types in age-group 25–29. Conclusion: The SEHIB study demonstrates the effectiveness of HPV vaccination in Belgian young women in particular in age group 18–19. Declining effectiveness with increasing age may be explained by higher tendency of women already exposed to infection to get the vaccine