Estimación de la pérdida de producción de leche en relación con el recuento de células somáticas de leche de tanque

publishedTomo I . Sección: Sistemas Ganaderos-Economía y Gestión. Sesión: Economía II. Ponencia nº 2

Ovine HSP90AA1 Expression Rate Is Affected by Several SNPs at the Promoter under Both Basal and Heat Stress Conditions

The aim of this work was to investigate the association between polymorphisms located at the HSP90AA1 ovine gene promoter and gene expression rate under different environmental conditions, using a mixed model approach. Blood samples from 120 unrelated rams of the Manchega sheep breed were collected at three time points differing in environmental conditions. Rams were selected on the basis of their genotype for the transversion G/C located 660 base pairs upstream the gene transcription initiation site. Animals were also genotyped for another set of 6 SNPs located at the gene promoter. Two SNPs, G/C-660 and A/G-444, were associated with gene overexpression resulting from heat stress. The composed genotype CC-660-AG-444 was the genotype having the highest expression rates with fold changes ranging from 2.2 to 3.0. The genotype AG-522 showed the highest expression levels under control conditions with a fold change of 1.4. Under these conditions, the composed genotype CC-601-TT-524-AG-522-TT-468 is expected to be correlated with higher basal expression of the gene according to genotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium values. Some putative transcription factors were predicted for binding sites where the SNPs considered are located. Since the expression rate of the gene under alternative environmental conditions seems to depend on the composed genotype of several SNPs located at its promoter, a cooperative regulation of the transcription of the HSP90AA1 gene could be hypothesized. Nevertheless epigenetic regulation mechanisms cannot be discarded. © 2013 Salces-Ortiz et al

7th Drug hypersensitivity meeting: part two

No abstract availabl

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Effects of hydroxytyrosol on cardiovascular biomarkers in experimental diabetes mellitus

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on cardiovascular biomarkers and morphometric parameters of the arterial wall in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Seven groups of rats (N=10 per group) were studied for 2 months: nondiabetic rats (NDR), diabetic rats treated with saline (DR) and DR treated with HT (0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg kg day p.o.). DR had higher platelet aggregation values, higher thromboxane B, plasma lipid peroxidation, 3-nitrotyrosine, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), myeloperoxidase, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations, and lower aortic 6-keto-prostaglandin F and nitric oxide production than NDR. Aortic wall area and smooth muscle cell count were also higher in DR than in NDR. HT significantly reduced both oxidative and nitrosative stress, oxLDL concentration, VCAM-1 and inflammatory mediators, platelet aggregation and thromboxane B production. Morphometric values in the aortic wall were reduced to values near those in NDR. In conclusion, HT influenced the major biochemical processes leading to diabetic vasculopathy, and reduced cell proliferation in the vascular wall in this experimental model.This work was supported in part by Grant P09-AGR-5098 (Proyecto de Investigación de Excelencia, Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa) from the Junta de Andalucía, Spain.Peer Reviewe

Recuentos de células somáticas en el ganado ovino lechero y estrategias de control : situación de España

La situación del recuento celular en las explotaciones de ganado ovino en las tres principales cuencas lecheras españolas: Castilla-León, Castilla-La Mancha y el País Vasco y Navarra, presenta una evolución con tendencia regresiva, en razón de la puesta en práctica por parte de los ganaderos de estrategias de control de mamitis basadas en la antibioterapia de secado y en la desinfección de pezones tras el ordeño. Actualmente, los RCS de Castilla-León, Castilla-La Mancha y País Vasco son de 1,5; 0,7 y 0,6 millones de células/ml. El conocimiento de la relación entre estos recuentos de tanque y la prevalencia de infección del rebaño, permite el diseño de medidas de control basadas en la terapia completa o selectiva de secado. Esta última se ha revelado tan eficaz como la completa en el sistema productivo de la raza Churra con 3 partos cada 2 años, aunque no en la Latxa, cuyo sistema productivo marcadamente estacional determina la existencia de largos períodos secos en los que los animales probablemente pueden incrementar la tasa de nuevas infecciones y hacer menos efectiva la terapia selectiva frente a la completa. Se demuestra una relación directa entre la antibioterapia de secado, correctamente realizada, y la disminución muy significativa de las prevalencias de infección de las mamas y de los recuentos de la leche de tanque. Sin embargo, todavía queda mucho margen para la mejora de la sanidad mamaria de los rebaños, por lo que resulta necesaria una labor mas intensa de formación y acompañamiento al ganadero de ovino lechero en el tema de prevención y control de mamitis del rebaño

O-019 Exploring the relationships between coagulation, composition, microbiology and colorimetry of bulk tank milk from Manchega sheep

International audienc

O-020 Estimating cheesemaking traits from quality characteristics of bulk sheep milk

International audienc

Supplementing the diet of dairy goats with dried orange pulp throughout lactation: I. Effect on milk performance, nutrient utilisation, blood parameters and production economics

Dried orange pulp (DOP) can be incorporated into ruminant diets, but no reports have considered this strategy during the entire lactation period in goats. Two experiments were performed using lactating Payoya goats. In experiment 1, to study the effect, over 180 days, of DOP on milk yield and composition, blood metabolites and economic values, 44 primiparous goats were allocated into three groups: control diet (concentrate plus lucerne) and DOP40 and DOP80 diets, in which DOP replaced 40% and 80%, respectively, of the cereals. Nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation were also studied (experiment 2). The DOP diets did not affect milk yield and composition. DOP triggered lower intake and digestibility of ether extract and crude protein. Ruminal fermentation was unaffected by DOP, except for a decrease in butyrate for DOP80. The energy balance was unaltered by diet while the balance and retention of nitrogen decreased. Regarding plasma biochemistry, DOP supplementation caused changes that could indicate an improvement in hepatic function and reduced muscular damage and oxidative muscular stress. Moreover, DOP80 provided a profit increase of EUR 3.27/goat. In conclusion, the partial replacement of cereals by DOP is a profitable and healthy nutritional strategy in dairy goats and is suitable for the entire lactation period without compromising productivity.This research was supported by an agreement between the Excma. Diputación Provincial de Huelva, Spain and the University of Huelva entitled “Aprovechamiento de Subproductos de las Empresas Agroalimentarias para Alimentación del Ganado”

Neuroprotective Effect of Hydroxytyrosol in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy: Relationship with Cardiovascular Biomarkers

The aim of the study was to test the neuroprotective effect of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on experimental diabetic retinopathy. Animals were divided in four groups: (1) control nondiabetic rats, (2) streptozotocin-diabetic rats (DR), (3) DR treated with 1 mg/kg/day p.o. HT, and (4) DR treated with 5 mg/kg/day p.o. HT. Treatment with HT was started 7 days before inducing diabetes and was maintained for 2 months. In the DR group, total area occupied by extracellular matrix was increased, area occupied by retinal cells was decreased; both returned to near-control values in DR rats treated with HT. The number of retinal ganglion cells in DR was significantly lower (44%) than in the control group, and this decrease was smaller after HT treatment (34% and 9.1%). Linear regression analysis showed that prostacyclin, platelet aggregation, peroxynitrites, and the dose of 5 mg/kg/day HT significantly influenced retinal ganglion cell count. In conclusion, HT exerted a neuroprotective effect on diabetic retinopathy, and this effect correlated significantly with changes in some cardiovascular biomarkers.This work was supported in part by Grant P09-AGR-5098 (Proyecto de Investigación de Excelencia, Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa) from the Junta de Andalucía, Spain.Peer Reviewe