Aspectos clave en la alimentación de las cerdas hiperprolíficas

La seleccio´n gene´tica en porcino ha deri- vado en la obtencio´n de cerdas ma´s pro- li´ cas, ma´s e cientes alimentariamente y con mayor porcentaje de magro, velocidad de crecimiento y produccio´n lechera. Todo ello ha conducido a que presenten mayor peso corporal en los diferentes ciclos y a que resulte ma´s preocupante su limitada capacidad de ingesta en lactacio´n (Riu, 2013). Por consiguiente, es importante adaptar la alimentacio´n y la nutricio´n de este tipo de reproductoras para satisfacer sus crecientes necesidades nutricionales

Immunocastration in gilts: a preliminary study of the effect of the second dose administration time on growth, reproductive tract development, and carcass and meat quality

Increasing fatness and avoiding puberty are desirable in gilts intended for high-quality dry-cured ham production. A total of 48 Duroc x (Landrace x Large White) females of 26.5 ± 3.70 kg body weight (BW) were used to evaluate the impact of immunocastration and to find the optimum application time of the second dose for immunocastration on growth; sex hormones; reproductive tract development; and carcass, meat, and fat quality. Gilts were allocated to four experimental treatments (n = 12): control (entire gilts, EG) and immunocastrated gilts (IG), providing the second dose at 12, 9, or 7 weeks before slaughter (with approximately 60, 75, or 90 kg BW, respectively). Mean slaughter BW was 125 kg. Immunocastrated gilts had lighter reproductive tracts and greater fat thickness than EG. Fat from IG was more saturated and less polyunsaturated than that from EG. Numerically, gilts immunocastrated 9 and 12 weeks before slaughter presented higher fatness than those immunocastrated 7 weeks before slaughter. In conclusion, immunocastration is a good strategy to improve the fatness of gilts destined to dry-cured ham elaboration, with the optimum time for the second dose application seemingly between 9 and 12 weeks before slaughter

Effect of increasing dietary aminoacid concentration in late gestation on body condition and reproductive performance of hyperprolific sows

A total of 62 highly prolific Danbred sows was used to evaluate the implications of increasing dietary amino acid (AA) concentration during late gestation (from day 77 to 107 of pregnancy) on body condition and reproductive performances. Sows were assigned to one of the two treatments (n = 31, with similar number of sows in the second-, third-and fourth-cycle); control diet (containing 6 g of standardized ileal digestible lysine-SID Lys-)/kg) and high AA level (containing 10 g SID Lys/kg and following the ideal protein concept for the remaining essential AA). On day 108 of pregnancy, animals were moved to the farrowing-lactating facilities where they spent until weaning receiving a common standard lactation diet. After farrowing, litters were standardized to 13 piglets each. At 107 d of gestation, backfat depth was thicker in sows fed high AA concentration than in those fed control diet (p 0.05). Additionally, at farrowing, the litter size (p = 0.043) and weight (p = 0.017) were higher in sows fed high AA level. It can be concluded that the increase in the AA content in the feed during the last month of gestation could improve the body condition of the sows and their performance results

Approach to amoebic colitis : Epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic considerations in a non-endemic context (Barcelona, 2007-2017)

Background Amoebic colitis is the most frequent clinical manifestation of invasive intestinal infection due to Entamoeba histolytica and a common cause of diarrhoea worldwide. Since higher transmission rates are usually related to poor health and exposure to unhygienic conditions, cases reported in Europe usually involve immigrants and international travellers. The goal of this study was to characterise both the clinical and the epidemiological features of a European population diagnosed with amoebic colitis and then to evaluate the diagnostic tools and therapeutic options applied. Methods and results This was a retrospective observational study in which data from all patients diagnosed with amoebic colitis attending at the International Health Units of two tertiary referral hospitals, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (Badalona, North Barcelona Metropolitan Area) and Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona city) between 2007 and 2017 were analysed. During the study period 50 patients were diagnosed with amoebic colitis. Thirty-six (72%) were men, and immigrants accounted for 46% of all cases. Antecedents of any international travel were reported for 28 (56%), the most frequent destinations having been the Indian subcontinent, South and Central America and sub-Saharan Africa. Preexisting pathological conditions or any kind of immunosuppression were identified in 29 (58%) patients; of these, 13 (26%) had HIV infection-all of them men who have sex with men-and 5 (10%) had inflammatory bowel disease. Diarrhoea, abdominal pain and dysentery were the most frequently recorded symptoms of invasive amoebae. Diagnosis was made through microbiological study in 45 (90%) and/or histological identification of amoebae in colon biopsies in 10 (20%). After treatment with metronidazole (82%) or tinidazole (8%), all patients had good outcomes. Post-acute intraluminal treatment was indicated in 28 (56%). Conclusions Amoebic colitis should be suspected in patients with diarrhoea and compatible epidemiological risk factors (immigration, travelling abroad or men who have sex with men), especially if some degree of immunosuppression concurs. These risk factors must be taken into account in any diagnostic approach to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and active searches for stool parasites should be performed in such cases to rule out misdiagnosis or simultaneous amoebic infection. Treatment should include intraluminal anti-amoebic treatment in order to avoid relapse and prevent further spread of the disease

Epidemiología de la enfermedad ósea de Paget en un área de Barcelona

La enfermedad ósea de Paget (EP) es un trastorno focal, asintomática en la mayoría de los casos y de naturaleza desconocida. La epidemiología de esta enfermedad está poco caracterizada; se desconoce su prevalencia e incidencia globales en España. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la prevalencia y la incidencia de la EP en un área de la ciudad de Barcelona (Barceloneta) que posee un sistema de atención sanitaria en el que la asistencia primaria, hospitalaria y especializada están integradas y en el que se disponen de archivos informatizados de exploraciones complementarias, diagnósticos y tratamientos. Pacientes y métodos: La población del área de la Barceloneta es de 18.509 habitantes (Censo de 1996) con 6.989 personas mayores de 55 años. Se procedió a la identificación de los pacientes afectos de EP residentes en el área de la Barceloneta, tras la revisión de archivos informatizados de diagnósticos, tratamientos, analíticos, anatomía patológica, radiología y gammagrafías óseas del centro de asistencia primaria (CAP), del servicio de Reumatología y de otros servicios del Hospital del Mar. En los casos detectados se comprobó el diagnóstico mediante la revisión de la historia clínica por parte de dos investigadores. Resultados: Se detectaron 16 pacientes (10 mujeres y 6 hombres). Edad media 79.2 años (intervalo: 65-92). Monostóticos/Poliostóticos: 8/8. Sintomáticos/Asintomáticos: 9/7. La prevalencia aparente en la población mayor de 55 años fue de 0.23%. En el periodo 1996-2000 se diagnosticaron cinco casos nuevos, siendo la incidencia de 1.78/10.000 personas/año. Asumiendo que sólo el 20% de los casos son sintomáticos, se puede inferir que el número total de pacientes es de 45, siendo la P real calculada de 0.64%. Conclusiones: En el área de la Barceloneta (Barcelona, España), la prevalencia real calculada es de 0.64% y la incidencia estimada de 1.78/10.000/personas-año, cifras todas ellas referidas a población mayor de 55 años

Actitud de los consumidores españoles e italianos frente a jamones curados de cerdos inmunocastrados

Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel (Proyecto TERUEL DRY-CURED HAM) y por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad del Gobierno de España (Proyecto AGL2016-78532-R).Publishe

Approach to amoebic colitis : Epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic considerations in a non-endemic context (Barcelona, 2007-2017)

Background Amoebic colitis is the most frequent clinical manifestation of invasive intestinal infection due to Entamoeba histolytica and a common cause of diarrhoea worldwide. Since higher transmission rates are usually related to poor health and exposure to unhygienic conditions, cases reported in Europe usually involve immigrants and international travellers. The goal of this study was to characterise both the clinical and the epidemiological features of a European population diagnosed with amoebic colitis and then to evaluate the diagnostic tools and therapeutic options applied. Methods and results This was a retrospective observational study in which data from all patients diagnosed with amoebic colitis attending at the International Health Units of two tertiary referral hospitals, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (Badalona, North Barcelona Metropolitan Area) and Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona city) between 2007 and 2017 were analysed. During the study period 50 patients were diagnosed with amoebic colitis. Thirty-six (72%) were men, and immigrants accounted for 46% of all cases. Antecedents of any international travel were reported for 28 (56%), the most frequent destinations having been the Indian subcontinent, South and Central America and sub-Saharan Africa. Preexisting pathological conditions or any kind of immunosuppression were identified in 29 (58%) patients; of these, 13 (26%) had HIV infection-all of them men who have sex with men-and 5 (10%) had inflammatory bowel disease. Diarrhoea, abdominal pain and dysentery were the most frequently recorded symptoms of invasive amoebae. Diagnosis was made through microbiological study in 45 (90%) and/or histological identification of amoebae in colon biopsies in 10 (20%). After treatment with metronidazole (82%) or tinidazole (8%), all patients had good outcomes. Post-acute intraluminal treatment was indicated in 28 (56%). Conclusions Amoebic colitis should be suspected in patients with diarrhoea and compatible epidemiological risk factors (immigration, travelling abroad or men who have sex with men), especially if some degree of immunosuppression concurs. These risk factors must be taken into account in any diagnostic approach to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and active searches for stool parasites should be performed in such cases to rule out misdiagnosis or simultaneous amoebic infection. Treatment should include intraluminal anti-amoebic treatment in order to avoid relapse and prevent further spread of the disease

Trends in Targeted Therapy Usage in Inflammatory Bowel Disease : TRENDY Study of ENEIDA

Markers that allow for the selection of tailored treatments for individual patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are yet to be identified. Our aim was to describe trends in real-life treatment usage. For this purpose, patients from the ENEIDA registry who received their first targeted IBD treatment (biologics or tofacitinib) between 2015 and 2021 were included. A subsequent analysis with Machine Learning models was performed. The study included 10,009 patients [71% with Crohn's disease (CD) and 29% with ulcerative colitis (UC)]. In CD, anti-TNF (predominantly adalimumab) were the main agents in the 1st line of treatment (LoT), although their use declined over time. In UC, anti-TNF (mainly infliximab) use was predominant in 1st LoT, remaining stable over time. Ustekinumab and vedolizumab were the most prescribed drugs in 2nd and 3rd LoT in CD and UC, respectively. Overall, the use of biosimilars increased over time. Machine Learning failed to identify a model capable of predicting treatment patterns. In conclusion, drug positioning is different in CD and UC. Anti-TNF were the most used drugs in IBD 1st LoT, being adalimumab predominant in CD and infliximab in UC. Ustekinumab and vedolizumab have gained importance in CD and UC, respectively. The approval of biosimilars had a significant impact on treatment