The effects of monetary policy on income and wealth inequality in the U.S. Exploring different channels

We assess the effects of monetary policy shocks on income and wealth inequality through direct inequality measures and by analyzing several transmission channels explored in recent literature. Furthermore, we analyze two additional channels: the Housing and the Fiscal channels. The methodology adopted is a Bayesian proxy SVAR using a high-frequency identification based on the external instruments approach. Our own policy shocks are constructed for this purpose. The results show that an expansionary monetary policy shock does not have a significant effect on income inequality due to the existence of opposite channels, whereas it increases wealth inequality mainly through the portfolio channel.This research was supported by the FPU grant (FPU16/03957) from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/Universidades (Spain) to the first author of this research. This work is also partially funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Cometitividad (Spain) with the project TIN2016-80565-R : Design and development of high performance algorithms for finding the best econometric model and its application to health science problems

Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria on Salicornia ramosissima Seed Germination under Salinity, CO2 and Temperature Stress

In a scenario of climate change and growing population, halophyte root microbiota interactions may be a sustainable solution to improve alternative crop production while combating abiotic stress. In this work, seeds of the cash crop halophyte Salicornia ramosissima were inoculated with five different plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria consortia, isolated from the rhizosphere of five halophytes in southwestern Spain salt marshes. For the first time, we recorded seed germination response to three interactive abiotic stressors, CO2 (400 and 700 ppm), temperature (25 and 29 ℃) and salinity (171, 510 and 1030 mM NaCl), all of them related to climate change. Salinity played a decisive role, as no significant differences were registered between treatments at 171 mM NaCl and no germination took place at 1030 mM NaCl. At 510 mM NaCl, one rhizobacterial consortium improved seed parameters notably, increasing up to 114% germination percentage and 65% seedlings biomass. These first findings encourage us to think that cash crop halophytes like S. ramosissima and halophyte root microbiota may be valuable resources for human or animal feeding in a future climate reality.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CGL2016-75550-R)Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (FPU014/03987

Exploiting Heterogeneous Parallelism on Hybrid Metaheuristics for Vector Autoregression Models

In the last years, the huge amount of data available in many disciplines makes the mathematical modeling, and, more concretely, econometric models, a very important technique to explain those data. One of the most used of those econometric techniques is the Vector Autoregression Models (VAR) which are multi-equation models that linearly describe the interactions and behavior of a group of variables by using their past. Traditionally, Ordinary Least Squares and Maximum likelihood estimators have been used in the estimation of VAR models. These techniques are consistent and asymptotically efficient under ideal conditions of the data and the identification problem. Otherwise, these techniques would yield inconsistent parameter estimations. This paper considers the estimation of a VAR model by minimizing the difference between the dependent variables in a certain time, and the expression of their own past and the exogenous variables of the model (in this case denoted as VARX model). The solution of this optimization problem is approached through hybrid metaheuristics. The high computational cost due to the huge amount of data makes it necessary to exploit High-Performance Computing for the acceleration of methods to obtain the models. The parameterized, parallel implementation of the metaheuristics and the matrix formulation ease the simultaneous exploitation of parallelism for groups of hybrid metaheuristics. Multilevel and heterogeneous parallelism are exploited in multicore CPU plus multiGPU nodes, with the optimum combination of the different parallelism parameters depending on the particular metaheuristic and the problem it is applied to.This work was supported by the Spanish MICINN and AEI, as well as European Commission FEDER funds, under grant RTI2018-098156-B-C53 and grant TIN2016-80565-R

High-frequency photothermal processing of commercial polymers under femtosecond laser irradiation for waveguide writing

The processing of three commonly used commercial polymer films (poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and polypropylene (PP)) with different thermal properties under femtosecond (450 fs) irradiations at high frequency (1 kHz-1 MHz) multi-pulse (N=10-18000) laser at λ=515 (1.34 J/cm2, radius 9 μm) is analysed in order to have knowledge of which material and laser conditions are more suitable to write waveguides. Thermal and ablative effects are observed after laser irradiations. Heat accumulation effects of successive pulses impinging are simulated through a photothermal model in order to explain the results of irradiating these materials. Thermal analyses (Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (MDSC) and Thermogravimetry (TG)) are performed and used to explain the different behaviour of each polymer. Three different regimes (non-thermal, thermal and saturation) are identified and explained from the model and experimental results. A connection between ablation depth and simulated reached temperature is established. A study of which number of pulses/spot area and frequency are appropriate for a better shape and ablation depth for writing waveguides on these polymers is performed.The work was supported by “Generalitat Valenciana” (IDIFEDER/2021/014 cofunded by FEDER program, project PROMETEO/2021/006, and INVEST/2022/419 financed by Next Generation EU), “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” of Spain (projects PID2021-123124OB-I00; PID2019-106601RB-I00) and UATALENTO18-10 by “Universidad de Alicante”

Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the defense against viral infections, for instance plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha (IFN-α). In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-α production, which has been associated with disease severity. In this work, we described that in addition to the DC deficiency, several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients, which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers. Remarkably, previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients, while no restoration of integrin β7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase (IDO) levels were observed. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19

SELNET clinical practice guidelines for bone sarcoma

Bone sarcoma are infrequent diseases, representing < 0.2% of all adult neoplasms. A multidisciplinary management within reference centers for sarcoma, with discussion of the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies within an expert multidisciplinary tumour board, is essential for these patients, given its heterogeneity and low frequency. This approach leads to an improvement in patient's outcome, as demonstrated in several studies. The Sarcoma European Latin-American Network (SELNET), aims to improve clinical outcome in sarcoma care, with a special focus in Latin-American countries. These Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) have been developed and agreed by a multidisciplinary expert group (including medical and radiation oncologist, surgical oncologist, orthopaedic surgeons, radiologist, pathologist, molecular biologist and representatives of patients advocacy groups) of the SELNET consortium, and are conceived to provide the standard approach to diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of bone sarcoma patients in the Latin-American context

Cultural Heritage in Europe: A commitment for socioeconomic change from managing our past II

Diseño web, apoyo RRSS: Empresa Jansá Cultura y Tecnología https://appcultura.comEl proyecto formará en el Patrimonio Cultural existente en la Unión Europea desde su gestión. Supone actividades como: 1. Conocer los bienes culturales desde la visión crítica de los procesos de patrimonialización hasta la catalogación e inventario. 2 Planificar su financiación, legislación o la ordenación urbanística y territorial. 3. Controlar las acciones ilícitas que pueden deteriorarlos, así como la venta o la transmisión de estos bienes. 4. Plantear su socialización desde la interpretación y la difusión en ámbitos formales e informales, desde estrategias de turismo, tecnológicas o de redes sociales, así como realizar procesos participativos, de implicación de la sociedad civil y organizaciones interesadas en la toma de decisiones sobre su tratamiento. 5. Ser capaces de evaluar a corto, largo y medio plazo y desde múltiples perspectivas, incluida la del impacto socioeconómico. De la importancia del tema habla por si sola la declaración del Parlamento Europeo para la celebración del Año 2018 y que reproducimos (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/es/press/press-releases/2017/02/09-cultural-heritage/): " Año Europeo del Patrimonio Cultural en 2018: celebración de la diversidad y la riqueza de nuestro patrimonio europeo, cuyos objetivos son: - Promover la diversidad cultural, el diálogo intercultural y la cohesión social; - Poner de relieve la contribución económica del patrimonio cultural a los sectores cultural y de la creación, en particular a las pequeñas y medianas empresas, y al desarrollo local y regional; - Hacer hincapié en el papel del patrimonio cultural en las relaciones exteriores de la UE, por ejemplo, en la prevención de conflictos, la reconciliación tras estos y la reconstrucción del patrimonio cultural destruido " Abordar estos temas requiere una formación transdisciplinar, que aporta el equipo de docentes de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid y de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid pertenecientes a las siguientes áreas de conocimiento: historia, historia del arte, geografía, arqueología, economía, sociología, psicología, derecho, arquitectura, ingeniería de las telecomunicaciones y de caminos, canales y puertos. A ellos se le suma una trayectoria de cerca de 30 años en los temas referidos, siendo nuestros centros pioneros en España para impartir esa formación y sin lugar a dudas innovadores en la transversalidad con la que las hemos impulsado en nuestras distintas facultades y escuelas, donde no existe el área de conocimiento como tal. Participamos miembros de varios grupos de investigación, como el de Gestión del Patrimonio Cultural, Patrimonio Turismo y Desarrollo o Paisajes Culturales. Destacan responsabilidades y docencias en Másteres como el de Conservación y Restauración en Patrimonio Arquitectónico, de la UPM o el de Museos y Patrimonio Histórico Artístico de la UCM, lineas de doctorado en Turismo y Desarrollo, asignaturas de grado y posgrados como Patrimonio Urbano, Paisaje Cultural y Ordenación Territorial o la gestión del patrimonio arqueológico. Así mismo la mayoría de nosotros hemos sido evaluados positivamente por el programa Docentia, y hemos participado y dirigido otros proyectos de innovación como el que se encuentra en los antecedentes a este sobre Patrimonio Cultural en CIU y el del decanato de la Fac. Geografía e Historia de Living Unilab sobre APs y ecosistemas de aprendizaje. Iniciativas con las que continuaremos participando. Pero, sin lugar a dudas, ha sido el Máster Interuniversitario Patrimonio Cultural en el S.XXI: Gestión e investigación, un motor de arranque para iniciativas conjuntas entre este equipo, a través del Campus de Excelencia Internacional, y es justo este año cuando se pone en marcha y podremos allí explorar gran parte de nuestras innovaciones recogidas en este proyecto. A estos esfuerzos se suma el alumnado: 13 estudiantes de grados y posgrados comprometidxs con la oportunidad que nos ofrece el pasado. No hay mejor aval para nuestra propuesta.The Educational Innovation Project “Cultural Heritage in Europe: a commitment for socioeconomic change from managing our past” of the Complutense University of Madrid together with the Technical University of Madrid, took advantage of the celebration of the European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018 to open new paths of transversal and multidisciplinary knowledge in the field of Cultural Heritage by applying a type of classroom teaching that would allow students to offer projects that could have an impact on society and contribute to meeting the objectives set by the European Commission for this year's celebration. From a European perspective, the project has completed a triple aspect: researcher, education and public service when working and disseminating Cultural Heritage among the population of Madrid and Europe. The work has been done on disciplines as diverse as Architecture, History, Civil Engineering, Geography, Tourism, etc. to compose from the different subjects involved a speech that will contribute to this field.Depto. de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y ArqueologíaFac. de Geografía e HistoriaFALSEAyuntamiento de Madrid/Foro de Empresas por Madridsubmitte