Numerical formulation for a simulator (CODE_BRIGHT) for the coupled analysis of saline media

Salt rocks are being considered as potential recipients for geologic disposal of nuclear waste because of their favourable hydraulic and mechanical properties. In essence, processes controlling the behaviour of salt rocks are similar to those occurring in other media, except that they take place at unusually fast rates. The high solubility of salt in water is one of the causes of these high rates. In fact, creep deformation of wet salts takes place much faster than under dry conditions. This can be explained by means of a mechanism of creep deformation based on salt dissolution, molecular diffusion and precipitation at the pore scale caused by stress concentration[...]. The complex behaviour of saline media requires new theoretical and numerical developments. The study of the basic mechanisms has revealed that coupling between thermal, hydraulic and mechanical problems may be required in some cases. We have developed the governing equations for nonisothermal multiphase flow of brine and gas in deformable saline media. These include mass balance equations for the species in the system (salt, water and air), energy balance equation and stress equilibrium equation. Equilibrium restrictions complete the theoretical formulation. This paper presents a numerical formulation required for solving this complex problem in a practical way. An example of its application is also included.Peer Reviewe

Propiedades psicométricas del Test Cyberbullying en una muestra de adolescentes mexicanos estudiantes de bachillerato

Due to the increasing number of cases of cyberbullying among adolescents, the need for a valid, reliable instrument to assess the prevalence of cyberbullying in Mexican adolescents has become evident. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Cyberbullying Test (Garaigordobil, 2013) in a sample of 1155 high school students from five educational establishments in western Mexico; ages ranging from 15 to 19 years old. A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out, which resulted in asatisfactory adjustment to the three-factor model, according to the original instrument, and adequate factor loads. Moreover, the three scales that constitute the instrument showed adequate internal consistency. The results of the study are discussed in the context of contemporary literature on adolescent cyberbullying.Dado el incremento de los casos de cyberbullying entre adolescentes, se vuelve evidente la necesidad de contar con un instrumento válido y confiable para evaluar la prevalencia del cyberbullying entre adolescentes mexicanos. El presente estudio se planteó como principal objetivo analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Test Cyberbullying (Garaigordobil, 2013) en una muestra de 1155 estudiantes de bachillerato provenientes de cinco establecimientos educativos del occidente de México, de entre 15 y 19 años de edad. Para analizar los datos se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial confirmatorio, que arrojó como resultado un ajuste satisfactorio al modelo trifactorial, acorde al instrumento original, con adecuadas cargas factoriales. Además, las tres escalas que constituyen el instrumento mostraron una adecuada consistencia interna. Los resultados del estudio se discuten en el marco de la literatura contemporánea sobre cyberbullying entre adolescentes

Dental care and risk of developing severe COVID-19

During the COVID-19 pandemic, dental care was recommended only in urgent and severe pain cases. Reduced dental appointments may affect the financial situation of dentists, especially those who are not financially secure. Due to economic necessity, dentists are required to provide care despite the risk of being infected with SARS-COV-2. Objective: To describe the frequency of dental care and the risk of complications due to COVID-19 among dentists in Ixtlahuaca, State of Mexico, Mexico. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study, non-probabilistic sampling carried out from August to September 2020. A survey was carried out through social networks to identify thefrequency of dental care. Results: The sample consisted of 121 dentists with an average age of 32.3 years. Women comprised most of the sample (74.4%). Dentists had a medium risk of suffering complications due to COVID-19 (92.5%). Private practice dentists performed more non-urgent treatments during the red and orange epidemiological risk periods, showing statistically significant differences (p≤0.05). Unhealthy weight was present in 30% of the sample. Conclusions: Dentists have a medium risk of becoming seriously ill from COVID-19. The risk is associated with unhealthy weight. Dentists performed non-urgent treatments despite government recommendations. Privatepractitioners performed a greater number of non-urgent treatments. Dentists provide care despite epidemiological risk related to COVID-19 due to economic necessity

La revisión excepcional de precios en Obra Pública. Actualización legislativa 2022

Dentro de las tipologías de contratación de bienes o servicios por parte de la Administración Pública, la contratación de obras establece una serie de particularidades que conllevan el tratamiento singularizado del Contrato de Obras. La implantación del Registro de Contratos del Sector Público permite analizar los datos del mismo para la obtención de una imagen del estado actual de la materia. Hoy en día los contratos de obra representan al menos el 20% del importe total contratado por las Administraciones Públicas, aumentado este porcentaje hasta un 22.8% si se incluyen la concesión de obra pública. Atendiendo a los procedimientos de contratación, el procedimiento abierto es el más utilizado, representa el 49,7% de los contratos. Le sigue en importancia el procedimiento negociado (35,2%), teniendo los demás procedimientos un menor peso. Otro dato importante para tener en cuenta es el importe medio de las distintas tipologías contractuales que permita establecer el orden de magnitud de cada una de ellas. Es significativamente más elevado en el ámbito de la Administración General, principalmente por las grandes infraestructuras que acomete el Estado en materia de carreteras, ferrocarriles, puertos, etc. De los datos expuestos anteriormente se aprecia la importancia que tiene la contratación pública de obras dentro del tejido productivo del país en todos sus niveles. La aparición de circunstancias extraordinarias, como la pandemia desatada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, ha tenido una repercusión directa en el contexto económico y ha derivado en una rotura de las cadenas logísticas, además del aumento exponencial del coste de las materias primas. Como el resto del entorno económico del país, la contratación de obra pública se ha visto gravemente afectada por el encarecimiento de las materias primas. En concreto, los contratistas han visto como el equilibrio económico, en el que se fundamenta la ejecución de este tipo de contratos, ha desaparecido y excedido el principio de riesgo y ventura que deben soportar. La aparición de estas circunstancias era del todo imposible de prever en los procedimientos administrativos en los que se licitaron los contratos y ha derivado en la imposibilidad material de ejecutarlos. El legislador estatal, ante la gravedad de la situación y en el uso de sus facultades competenciales, para atajar la problemática y mitigar los efectos del incremento de costes en las obras, ha optado por la creación de un mecanismo de revisión excepcional de los precios de obra pública y dotado a las comunidades autónomas la potestad de adscribirse, adaptarlo y complementarlo

Limitations and potentials of dual-purpose cow herds in Central Coastal Veracruz, Mexico

Feed chemical and kinetic composition and animal performance information was used to evaluate productivity limitations and potentials of dual-purpose member herds of the Genesis farmer organization of central coastal Veracruz, Mexico. The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System model (Version 6.0) was systematically applied to specific groups of cows in structured simulations to establish probable input–output relationships for typical management, and to estimate probable outcomes from alternative management based on forage-based dietary improvements. Key herd vulnerabilities were pinpointed: chronic energy deficits among dry cows of all ages in late gestation and impeded growth for immature cows. Regardless of the forage season of calving, most cows, if not all, incur energy deficits in the final trimester of gestation; thus reducing the pool of tissue energy and constraining milking performance. Under typical management, cows are smaller and underweight for their age, which limits feed intake capacity, milk production and the probability of early postpartum return to ovarian cyclicity. The substitution of good-quality harvested forage for grazing increased predicted yields by about one-third over typical scenarios for underweight cows. When diets from first parturition properly supported growth and tissue repletion, milk production in second and third lactations was predicted to improve about 60%. Judiciously supplemented diets based on good quality grass and legume forages from first calving were predicted to further increase productivity by about 80% across a three-lactation cow lifetime. These dual-purpose herd owners have large incentives to increase sales income by implementing nutritional strategies like those considered in this study

A deletion at Adamts9-magi1 Locus is associated with psoriatic arthritis risk

Objective: Copy number variants (CNVs) have been associated with the risk to develop multiple autoimmune diseases. Our objective was to identify CNVs associated with the risk to develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA) using a genome-wide analysis approach. Methods: A total of 835 patients with PsA and 1498 healthy controls were genotyped for CNVs using the Illumina HumanHap610 BeadChip genotyping platform. Genomic CNVs were characterised using CNstream analysis software and analysed for association using the χ2 test. The most significant genomic CNV associations with PsA risk were independently tested in a validation sample of 1133 patients with PsA and 1831 healthy controls. In order to test for the specificity of the variants with PsA aetiology, we also analysed the association to a cohort of 822 patients with purely cutaneous psoriasis (PsC). Results: A total of 165 common CNVs were identified in the genome-wide analysis. We found a highly significant association of an intergenic deletion between ADAMTS9 and MAGI1 genes on chromosome 3p14.1 (p=0.00014). Using the independent patient and control cohort, we validated the association between ADAMTS9-MAGI1 deletion and PsA risk (p=0.032). Using next-generation sequencing, we characterised the 26 kb associated deletion. Finally, analysing the PsC cohort we found a lower frequency of the deletion compared with the PsA cohort (p=0.0088) and a similar frequency to that of healthy controls (p>0.3). Conclusions: The present genome-wide scan for CNVs associated with PsA risk has identified a new deletion associated with disease risk and which is also differential from PsC risk

Primer consenso en leucemia linfocítica crónica de la agrupación mexicana para el estudio de la hematología: epidemiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento

La leucemia linfocítica crónica (LLC) es la leucemia crónica menos frecuente en México. En consideración a los avances recientes, a una mejor clasificación pronóstica y a la introducción de nuevas modalidades terapéuticas, la Agrupación Mexicana para el Estudio de la Hematología organizó el primer consenso mexicano en leucemia linfocítica crónica. Este consenso se llevó a cabo en Cancún, Quintana Roo, México, en Septiembre del 2007. Los objetivos de esta reunión fueron actualizar y compartir los conocimientos de la enfermedad entre los especialistas mexicanos, con el fin de mejorar el diagnóstico y el pronóstico de la LLC en México. En el artículo se discute los aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos de la LLC

Valoración y evaluación de la adopción e impactos económicos, sociales y ambientales del manejo de los suelos en el sistema de producción de algodón, y sus cultivos de rotación en el Valle Cálido del Alto Magdalena

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar y valorar la adopción e impacto económico, social y ambiental de las tecnologías generadas para el manejo de los suelos en el sistema de producción de algodón en el Valle Cálido del Alto Magdalena. Se identificaron las principales tecnologías en manejo de suelos, las cuales se dividen principalmente en la labranza convencional, mínima, cero y vertical. Se encontraron unas tasas de adopción de 80.5% en la labranza convencional, seguido por la labranza mínima, con una participación del 13%, la labranza cero con un 3,6%, y finalmente la labranza vertical con un 2,9% de adopción. Adicionalmente se identificaron algunos elementos endógenos y exógenos que dinamizan o inhiben el proceso de adopción, como la disponibilidad de maquinaria, la tenencia de la tierra, incidencia de malezas, menores costos en la preparación del suelo entre otros factores. Otro elemento a evaluar fue el medio de información más efectivo de difusión de las tecnologías en labranza de suelos, el cual resulta ser la trasmisión del conocimiento a través de la familia y la técnica más efectiva es la demostración de métodos (55,1%). Las tasas de adopción se atribuyen principalmente a la aversión al riesgo por parte de los agricultores por cuanto creen que los métodos diferentes a los convencionales facilitan la proliferación de malezas trayendo consigo bajas en los rendimientos y por otro lado la ineficacia de los métodos de difusión.Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia)Algodón-Gossypium herbaceu

Predictive Power of the "Trigger Tool" for the detection of adverse events in general surgery: a multicenter observational validation study

Background In spite of the global implementation of standardized surgical safety checklists and evidence-based practices, general surgery remains associated with a high residual risk of preventable perioperative complications and adverse events. This study was designed to validate the hypothesis that a new “Trigger Tool” represents a sensitive predictor of adverse events in general surgery. Methods An observational multicenter validation study was performed among 31 hospitals in Spain. The previously described “Trigger Tool” based on 40 specific triggers was applied to validate the predictive power of predicting adverse events in the perioperative care of surgical patients. A prediction model was used by means of a binary logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of adverse events among a total of 1,132 surgical cases included in this study was 31.53%. The “Trigger Tool” had a sensitivity and specificity of 86.27% and 79.55% respectively for predicting these adverse events. A total of 12 selected triggers of overall 40 triggers were identified for optimizing the predictive power of the “Trigger Tool”. Conclusions The “Trigger Tool” has a high predictive capacity for predicting adverse events in surgical procedures. We recommend a revision of the original 40 triggers to 12 selected triggers to optimize the predictive power of this tool, which will have to be validated in future studies