Clínica. Localizaciones: rodilla, cadera, manos, columna, otras localizaciones

ResumenLa clínica que presentan estos pacientes difiere mucho de unos a otros, dependiendo especialmente de la localización de la artrosis, y no hay buena correlación entre la afectación radiológica y el dolor. Generalmente, la clínica es de inicio gradual y evolución lenta, aunque progresiva, y las articulaciones más afectadas son las rodillas, las caderas, las manos y la columna vertebral. Los principales síntomas y signos son el dolor, la rigidez, la deformidad articular y la crepitación. El dolor es de características mecánicas y de causa multifactorial; en fases iniciales suele cursar en brotes autolimitados y posteriormente puede permanecer casi constante. Los criterios del American College of Rheumatology para clasificar las artrosis de rodilla, cadera y manos son una ayuda para la clasificación y estandarización, pero no sirven para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad. La artrosis de cadera suele presentar dolor inguinal, en la parte interna y anterior del muslo hasta la rodilla y con la evolución tiende a producir limitación de la movilidad. La artrosis de rodilla es más frecuente en mujeres y suele asociarse con la de mano y la obesidad. En la artrosis de manos, las articulaciones más afectadas son las interfalángicas distales, seguidas de las interfalángicas proximales y la trapeciometacarpiana; es frecuente la aparición de nódulos de Heberden y Bouchard; la afectación de la articulación trapeciometacarpiana se denomina rizartrosis, siendo una de las artrosis que más limita la funcionabilidad de la mano. La artrosis de columna afecta a las articulaciones interapofisarias y a los cuerpos vertebrales. Otras artrosis menos frecuentes son las del pie, codo y hombro, que generalmente son secundarias.AbstractThe symptoms of osteoarthritis vary widely from patient to patient, depending especially on the localization on the disease. There is a poor correlation between radiological involvement and pain. In general, symptom onset is gradual and symptoms increase slowly but progressively. The most commonly affected joints are the knees, hips, hands, and spine. The main signs and symptoms are pain, stiffness, joint deformity, and crepitus. Pain is mechanical and its causes are multifactorial; in the initial phases, pain usually manifests in self-limiting episodes but may subsequently be almost constant. The criteria of the American college of Rheumatology for the classification of osteoarthritis of the knee, hip and hands are an aid to classification and standardization but are not useful for diagnosis. Hip osteoarthritis usually produces inguinal pain in the internal and anterior sections of the muscle extending to the knee and, with progression, tends to limit mobility. Knee osteoarthritis is more frequent in women and is usually associated with hand osteoarthritis and obesity. In hand osteoarthritis, the most commonly affected joints are the distal interphalangeal joints, followed by the proximal interphalangeal joints and the trapeziometacarpal joints; the development of Heberden and Bouchard nodes is common; involvement of the trapeziometacarpal joint is called rhizarthrosis and is one of the forms of osteoarthritis that produces the greatest limitation on hand function. Osteoarthritis of the spine affects the facet joints and the vertebral bodies. Other, less frequent, localizations are the foot, elbow and shoulder, which are generally secondary forms of osteoarthritis

Spacecraft Pose Estimation Based on Unsupervised Domain Adaptation and on a 3D-Guided Loss Combination

Spacecraft pose estimation is a key task to enable space missions in which two spacecrafts must navigate around each other. Current state-of-the-art algorithms for pose estimation employ data-driven techniques. However, there is an absence of real training data for spacecraft imaged in space conditions due to the costs and difficulties associated with the space environment. This has motivated the introduction of 3D data simulators, solving the issue of data availability but introducing a large gap between the training (source) and test (target) domains. We explore a method that incorporates 3D structure into the spacecraft pose estimation pipeline to provide robustness to intensity domain shift and we present an algorithm for unsupervised domain adaptation with robust pseudo-labelling. Our solution has ranked second in the two categories of the 2021 Pose Estimation Challenge organised by the European Space Agency and the Stanford University, achieving the lowest average error over the two categories.Comment: Accepted at ECCV 2022 AI4SPACE Workshop (https://aiforspace.github.io/2022/

Fuzzy reasoning spiking neural P systems revisited: A formalization

Research interest within membrane computing is becoming increasingly interdisciplinary.In particular, one of the latest applications is fault diagnosis. The underlying mechanismwas conceived by bridging spiking neural P systems with fuzzy rule-based reasoning systems. Despite having a number of publications associated with it, this research line stilllacks a proper formalization of the foundations.National Natural Science Foundation of China No 61320106005National Natural Science Foundation of China No 6147232

Creativity as a tool for understanding education. The role of creativity as a catalyst for educational transformation

The study proposes a theoretical framework for constructing a new perspective on Education based on the advances stemming from creativity research. In the first part of the research, we present a theoretical framework that allows us to rigorously approach the concept of creativity from an educational perspective. In the social framework, we look at the creative contexts needed in the teaching and learning process. We propose a model of educational context that responds to the needs of students. Finally, we propose the didactic framework, which addresses the new challenges and challenges of this education.El estudio plantea un marco teórico para construir una nueva perspectiva de la Educación apoyada en los avances provenientes de la investigación en creatividad. En la primera parte de la investigación presentamos un marco teórico que nos permita aproximarnos rigurosamente al concepto de creatividad desde una perspectiva educativa. En el marco social, estudiamos los contextos creativos que se necesitan en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Proponemos un modelo de contexto educativo que dé respuesta a las necesidades del alumnado. Por último, planteamos el marco didáctico, donde se abordan los nuevos retos y desafíos de esta la educación

Simulacri: Art School Educational Research to Hack the Museum. Autoethnography of an ABER Project

[Resumen] El artículo presenta y describe Simulacri, un proyecto de innovación educativa en el ámbito de la educación formal diseñado y desarrollado por el Colectivo El Punto Rojo bajo las premisas de la Investigación Educativa basada en las Artes (ABER), en colaboración con el Museo Nacional de Escultura (Valladolid). Partiendo de una aproximación a las tipologías escultóricas más habituales en España durante los periodos renacentista, especialmente a los pasos procesionales, se plantea una indagación educativa que, partiendo de la iconografía religiosa y las manifestaciones colectivas de fe de esos periodos, concluye en la realización de una instalación artística en el Museo Nacional de Escultura que, realizada con otras técnicas y nuevos materiales, dialoga con las piezas de la colección y reflexiona sobre aspectos relativos a nuestro mundo actual, alejándose de la sacralidad barroca y avecinándose a la obra escultórica de artistas contemporáneos.[Abstract] This article presents and describes Simulacri, an educational innovation project in the field of formal education designed and developed by the Colectivo El Punto Rojo under the premises of Arts-Based Educational Research (ABER), in collaboration with the National Museum of Sculpture (Valladolid). Based on an approach to the most common sculptural typologies in Spain during the Renaissance and Baroque periods, especially processional compositions, an educational investigation is proposed which, starting from the religious iconography and the collective manifestations of faith of those periods, concludes in the creation of an artistic installation in the National Sculpture Museum (Valladolid, Spain) which, using other techniques and new materials, dialogues with the pieces in the collection and reflects on aspects related to our present-day world, moving away from Baroque sacredness and approaching the sculptural work of contemporary artists

Characterization and expression of the arginine biosynthesis gene cluster of Streptomyces clavuligerus

Revista continuada por Microbial Physiology[EN] A cluster of genes argCJBDRGH containing most of the arginine biosynthesis genes has been found in Streptomyces clavuligerus after sequencing a 8.3 kb DNA region containing overlapping sequences of two DNA fragments known to contain arginine biosynthesis genes. Subcloning, complementation of E. coli arginine auxotrophic strains and enzymatic assays confirmed the identity of each gene. S1 nuclease mapping studies and Northern hybridization analysis revealed the formation of two large transcripts corresponding to argCJBDR and argGH. The amount of each of these mRNAs is 10 to 44 times higher in a S. clavuligerus argR-disrupted mutant than in the wild type confirming the existence of an ArgR-mediated control of arginine biosynthesis gene expression. A low level constitutive monocistronic transcript of argR was observed in S. clavuligerus cells. Most of the argGH transcript initiating at an adenine 29 nt upstream of the argG initiation codon appears to stop at a termination stem and loop structure present downstream of the argG geneSIThis work was supported by grants from the CICYT (Madrid) Bio96-0827 and by Antibióticos SA, León. We thank H. Kieser (Norwich, U.K.) for providing the S. coelicolor cosmid library. Álvaro de la Fuente and Rosario Pérez-Redondo received fellowships from the PFPI (Madrid) and the University of León, respectively

Acueducto rural de la vereda pozos del municipio de Guateque, Boyacá: retos de la participación ciudadana para la garantía del derecho al agua.

Describir las prácticas ciudadanas y dinámicas sociales alrededor de los acueductos rurales del municipio de Guateque Boyacá con el fin de identificar posibilidades para la conformación de redes y alianzas que garanticen el goce efectivo del derecho al agua.Los acueductos rurales se constituyen como formas de solución para que comunidades apartadas a los cascos urbanos puedan tener acceso al agua, bajo la administración de la población. No obstante, existen zonas en las que a pesar de que se encuentran conformados, su funcionamiento no es óptimo, porque los procesos de participación ciudadana no son adecuados y el apoyo por parte de los entes gubernamentales es escaso. En ese orden de ideas, en el presente trabajo se expresa esta problemática que es evidenciada en la vereda Pozos del municipio de Guateque y se describe las características y dinámicas que se encuentran en torno al acueducto rural, con el propósito de analizar los posibles actores y elementos que se vinculan con la construcción de redes y alianzas para brindar soluciones al acceso del derecho al agua

Verification of a short-range ensemble precipitation prediction system over Iberia

The purpose of this paper is the verification of a short-range ensemble prediction system (SREPS) built with five different model physical process parameterization schemes and two different initial conditions from global models, allowing to construct several versions of the non-hydrostatic mesoscale MM5 model for a 1-month period of October 2006. From the SREPS, flow-dependent probabilistic forecasts are provided by means of predictive probability distributions over the Iberian Peninsula down to 10-km grid spacing. In order to carry out the verification, 25 km grid of observational precipitation records over Spain from the Spanish Climatic Network has been used to evaluate the ensemble accuracy together with the mean model performance and forecast variability by means of comparisons between such records and the ensemble forecasts.This work has been partially supported by the research projects CGL2007-61328/CLI and UE Safewind G. A. No. 213740

Synthesis of phosphoramidite monomers equipped with complementary bases for solid-phase DNA oligomerization

We describe the preparation of two monomers that bear complementary nucleobases at the edges (guanine-2′-deoxycytidine and 2- aminoadenine-2′-deoxyuridine) and that are conveniently protected and activated for solid-phase automated DNA synthesis. We report the optimized synthetic routes leading to the four nucleobase derivatives involved, their crosscoupling reactions into dinucleobase-containing monomers, and their oligomerization in the DNA synthesizerFunding from the European Research Council (ERC-Starting Grant 279548 PROGRAM-NANO) and MINECO (CTQ2014-57729-P, SAF2017-87305-R and CTQ2017- 84727-P) is gratefully acknowledge