ENDOPARÁSITOS EN AVES RESIDENTES Y MIGRATORIAS DE PUNTA SANTA BÁRBARA, PARQUE NACIONAL DARIEN, PANAMÁ

In order to determine the presence and prevalence of blood parasites in resident and migratory birds in Punta Santa Bárbara, Darién National Park, 271 blood samples taken from 126 birds of 43 species were collected. With a total of 24 smears or 19.05% of positive samples for some type of blood parasite, it was determined that the most common of these parasites found was Haemoproteus (11.90%), Plasmodium (5.56%), followed by Leucocytozoon (4.76%) and microfilariae belonging to helminths with (0.79%) prevalence. Using the Shannon-Wiener index, it was determined that the diversity of parasites in the rainy season is similar to that recorded in the dry season. Using a Chi-square test, it was determined that Haemoproteus sp., Is the parasite most frequently in positive samples, while microfilariae are recorded less frequently. The frequency of parasitized and non-parasitized birds was evaluated according to the mass of the individual by means of a Chi-square test, finding for this study a significant difference in the number of birds parasitized according to the mass of the individual, birds with parasites have greater weight This study is the first on parasitology for the birds of the province of Darien, therefore, everything that we report here is new for this side of the country. So far there are only 4 previous studies of blood parasites in birds for all of Panama.Con el objetivo de determinar la presencia y prevalencia de parásitos sanguíneos en aves residentes y migratorias en Punta Santa Bárbara, Parque Nacional Darién, se colectaron 271 muestras de sangre extraídas de 126 individuos de aves de 43 especies. Con un total de 24 frotis o 19.05% de las muestras positivas para algún tipo de parásito sanguíneo, se determinó que el más común de estos parásitos encontrados era el Haemoproteus (11.90%), Plasmodium (5.56%), seguido de Leucocytozoon (4.76%) y microfilarias pertenecientes a los helmintos con (0.79%) de prevalencia. Mediante el índice de Shannon-Wiener se determinó que la diversidad de parásitos en época lluviosa es similar a la registrada en la época seca. Mediante una prueba de Ji cuadrado, se determinó que Haemoproteus sp., es el parásito con mayor frecuencia en las muestras positivas, mientras que las microfilarias se registran con menor frecuencia. Se evaluó la frecuencia de aves parasitadas y no parasitadas de acuerdo a la masa del individuo mediante una prueba Ji cuadrado, encontrando para este estudio una diferencia significativa en el número de aves parasitadas de acuerdo a la masa del individuo, aves con parásitos presentan mayor peso. Este estudio es el primero en tema de parasitología para las aves de la Provincia del Darién, por lo tanto, todo lo que aquí reportamos es nuevo para este lado del país. Hasta el momento sólo hay 4 estudios previos de parásitos sanguíneos en aves para todo Panamá

Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñaña

Alimentación de la boga del Guadiana (Chondrostoma polylepis wi/lkommi, Stein. 1866) en la interfase río-embalse de Sierra Boyera (Córdoba. España)Predación del búho real (Bubo bubo) sobre la perdiz roja (Alectoris rufa): selección de edad y sexoAlimentación de la nutria (Lutra lufra L, 1758)en el Nordeste de la Península IbéricaDatos sobre la distribución espacialde micromamíferos en el Parque Nacionalde DoñanaGuía para el reconocimiento microscópico de los pelos de los mamíferos de la Patagonia.Sobre la distribución geográfica de Anaecypris hispanica (STEINDACHNER, 1866) (OSTEICHTHYES, CYPRINIDAE)Cronología del periodo reproductor de Rana temporaria L. en La Coruña (NW de España).Un nuevo caso de melanismo en Natrix natrix (LINNAEUS 1758) procedente de Fuente Dé (Santander)Nuevas citas de anfibios y reptiles para el SE de la Península Ibérica.Datos sobre la dieta invernal del Búho chico (Asia atus) en la provinvia de LeónLa Distribucióndel Mara (Dolichotis patagonum) según criterios ecológicos e históricosSolapamiento entre la dieta de la cabra montés (Capra pyrenaica) y la del muflón (Ovis musimon)Nota sobre dietas de carnívoros e índices de abundancia en una Reserva de caza del norte de España.Discriminación osteométrica en el géneroTalpa (LINNEO, 1758), en el norte IbéricoObservaciones sobre el comportamiento depredativo de algunos colúbridos Ibéricos en estado salvajePeer reviewe

XVI International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Techno-scientific considerations for a post-pandemic world intensive in knowledge, innovation and sustainable local development"

Este título, sugestivo por los impactos durante la situación de la Covid 19 en el mundo, y que en Colombia lastimosamente han sido muy críticos, permiten asumir la obligada superación de tensiones sociales, políticas, y económicas; pero sobre todo científicas y tecnológicas. Inicialmente, esto supone la existencia de una capacidad de la sociedad colombiana por recuperar su estado inicial después de que haya cesado la perturbación a la que fue sometida por la catastrófica pandemia, y superar ese anterior estado de cosas ya que se encontraban -y aún se encuentran- muchos problemas locales mal resueltos, medianamente resueltos, y muchos sin resolver: es decir, habrá que rediseñar y fortalecer una probada resiliencia social existente - producto del prolongado conflicto social colombiano superado parcialmente por un proceso de paz exitoso - desde la tecnociencia local; como lo indicaba Markus Brunnermeier - economista alemán y catedrático de economía de la Universidad de Princeton- en su libro The Resilient Society…La cuestión no es preveerlo todo sino poder reaccionar…aprender a recuperarse rápido.This title, suggestive of the impacts during the Covid 19 situation in the world, and which have unfortunately been very critical in Colombia, allows us to assume the obligatory overcoming of social, political, and economic tensions; but above all scientific and technological. Initially, this supposes the existence of a capacity of Colombian society to recover its initial state after the disturbance to which it was subjected by the catastrophic pandemic has ceased, and to overcome that previous state of affairs since it was found -and still is find - many local problems poorly resolved, moderately resolved, and many unresolved: that is, an existing social resilience test will have to be redesigned and strengthened - product of the prolonged Colombian social conflict partially overcome by a successful peace process - from local technoscience; As Markus Brunnermeier - German economist and professor of economics at Princeton University - indicates in his book The Resilient Society...The question is not to foresee everything but to be able to react...learn to recover quickly.Bogot

Etude de l'adsorption de Cu et Zn dans les sols de bananeraies de l'ile de Ténérife

Ce travail a été réalisé avec 50 échantillons de sols correspondant aux principales zones bananières de l'ile de Ténérife. En premier lieu, on a étudié le comportement de sols de types divers (transportes d'autres zones pour l'édification de terrasses de culture) quant à l'adsorption des oligo-éléments Cu et Zn ajoutés. En second lieu, on étudie l'adsorption de Cu et Zn par rapport à la matiere organique, en vue de connaitre une possible uniformité du comportement de la M.O. d'origines différents, apportée dans les bananeraies comme amendements organiques. Les sols étudiés prédentent une teneur en Zn total beaucoup plus élevée que celle correspondante en Cu total. Au contmire, les valeurs d'adsorption de Cu sont toujours très supérieures aux valeurs correspondantes de l'adsorption de Zn. On constate une corrélation significative entre l'adsorption de Cu et celle de Zn, ce qui suggère que les facteurs qui conditionnent l'adsorption de Cu conditionnent aussi celle de Zn dans ces sols, bien qu'avec une moindre intesité.Peer reviewe

Organic phosphorus in andosoils and their relationship with other soil parameters

Organic phosphorus is determined on several andosoils of the Canary Islands, studing their redistribution through of profil, so as their relation with the evolution of the soils. Relationship between organic phosphorus contain and % C, % N, inorganic phosphates, A1/A/1 + Si, C/P$ C/Pinorg. are showed.Peer reviewe

Etude comparative des methodes pour la determination des elements Cu, Zn, Mn, dans les sols de bananeraies de l'ile de Ténérife

On établit sur 50 parcelles une étude comparative de différentes méthodes d'analyse pour la détermination de la disponibilité des éléments Cu, Zn et Mn, dans les sols de bananeraies représentatifs de l'ile de Ténérife (Canaries). Les méthodes sélectionnées ont été: NH4Ac 1N, pH 4,8; EDTA 0,02M ; DTPA 0,005M + CaC1$-2H20, 0.01M + TEA, pH 7,3 ; NH4Ac1N,ph 7 ; HAc 2.5 % pH 2,5. Cu, Zn et Mn ont été déterminés par l'analyse foliaire. L'étude statistique des données obtenues nous amène à recommander, pour ces sols de bananeraies, les méthodes suivantes : EDTA 0,02M pour ces sols de bananeraies, les méthodes suivantes : EDTA 0,02M pour la détermination du Cu disponible NH4Ac 1N, pH 4,8 pour Zn et MnPeer reviewe

Study of the adsorption of Cu and Zn in andosoils of the Canary Islands. II

A comparative study of the curves of adsorption of Cu and Zn (surface horizons) was carried out on 13 andosoil profiles of the Canary Islands. The adsorption of Cu and Zn, as a function of the depth of the profile, was studied; the maximum capacity of adsorption of each horizon being calculated in two ways: one by blocking previously with KCL 1N, and the other without using the KCL 1N splutioon. The different factors which could affect these adsorptions were also studied. It was found that the shape of the curves, and the values of maximum adsorption were very similar within cach of the different groups of andosoils in the study. When the different groups of andosoils are compared great differences appcar, especially in the younger soils (vitrandepts) as against the rest of the groups, there being observed, in general, a decreased in the maximum values of adsortion, on passing from yhe younger to the older soils. We found that, in general, the adsorption of Cu and Zn decreases with the depth of the profile. The values of adsorption of Cu and Zn are always higher in the case of the samples not treated with KCl 1N. We found from the statistical study, carried out on relating the adsorption of Cu and Zn with other properties of the soil (% total carbon, % humic acids, % clays, % amorphous oxides of the Fe and Al, and the total capacity of exchange) that: The organic material conditions, to a certain degres, the adsorption of Cu and Zn. The lack of correlation between the % of clay and the adsorption of Cu and Zn, indicates to us the heterogeneity in the composition of this fraction. The significant correlations between the total capacity of cationic exchange, and the values of adsorption of Cu and Zn indicate a posible cationic exchange by means of which the Cu and Zn is retained in some positions of exchange corresponding to the measurements for the capacit6y of cationic exchange. A significant correlation was found on relating the values of the adsorption of Cu and Zn, which suggests to us the existence of same analogous mechanisms of adsorption for both cations, although acting more intensely on the Cu.Peer reviewe

Study of the distribution and dynamics of Cu and Zn in Andosoils of the Canary Islands. III

Thirteen profiles of andosoils of the Canary Islands were studied. The object of this work was to study the distribution and dynamics of Cu and Zn in these profiles. The Cu does not accumulate in the surface horizons, which indicates to us that the organic material has not contributed to the enrichment of Cu in these horizons. The Zn accumulated in the surface in the surface horizons, the organic material not being the cause of this accumulation. The Cu contributed by the biological cycle to the surface horizons undergoes migration in depth as soluble and pseudosoluble complexes with the organic material. The loss of Cu in the surface horizons by this process of migration is higher than the Cu that reaches these horizons through the vegetative cycle. As a consequence the content of Cu increases with the depth of the profile. The Zn contributed by the biological cycle in the surface horizons, undergoes the same process of migration, but with less intesity. So the loss of Zn in the surface horizons due to this process is less than Zn which reaches these horizons through the vegetative cycle. Consequently the content of Zn decreases with the depth of the profile.Peer reviewe

Diseño de un termo-actuador basado en alambres con memoria de forma

Se presenta el diseño de un termo-actuador que opera con energía térmica proveniente de cualquier fuente. El dispositivo está constituido por los siguientes elementos: a) dos alambres fabricados con una aleación con memoria de forma, b) un resorte helicoidal, c) un mecanismo biela-manivela corredera acoplado aun cuadrilátero articulado. Cuando los alambres con memoria de forma son calentados, por encima de su temperatura crítica As, se contraen debido a que sufren una transformación: martensita-austenita. Dicha contracción comprime el resorte helicoidal y a través del mecanismo dicho desplazamiento es convertido en un giro de 180º en el eslabón de salida. De manera análoga, cuando los alambres son enfriados el eslabón de salida del cuadrilátero completa un giro de 360º. Al comprimir el resorte, el dispositivo esta convirtiendo energía térmica en trabajo mecánic

Role of ships’ hull fouling and tropicalization process on European carcinofauna: new records in Galician waters (NW Spain)

Ten unusual decapod crustacean species are reported for the coasts of Galicia (NW Spain), eight of them recorded for the first time in this area. Three species: Pilumnopeus africanus, Charybdis hellerii and Pachygrapsus gracilis, are non-indigenous species. The reports of Panopeus africanus and Inachus aguiarii represent the northernmost localities of these African species, whose previous North limits were in the Southwestern European coasts. Remaining five species: Xaiva biguttata, Bathynectes longipes, Parthenopoides massena, Monodaeus couchii and Homola barbata are scarcely known species found within their distribution range. Updated data about these species are given, both from the point of view of their distribution and identification (morphological and molecular methods), as well as the potential pathways for introduction of the non-indigenous ones. According to evidence presented in the present study, biofouling still remains an important vector of species transmission and surely has been undervalued with respect to ballast water.Funds for DNA analysis were provide by MEGALOPADN project (CGL2009-11225) funded by the “Ministerio de Economía y Competividad” Spanish Plan R + D + I and FEDER.Peer reviewe