Fibrosis quística. Análisis de la casuística pediátrica del Hospital Universitario Donostia.

[ES] Revisión bibliográfica académica sobre la fibrosis quística y revisión de los casos diagnosticados de FQ del servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Universitario Donostia (HUD), comparando los hallazgos de los mismos con la bibliografía consultada

A crowd-structure interaction model to analyze the lateral lock-in phenomenon on footbridges

In this paper a simplified biomechanical crowd-structure interaction model is proposed and validated in order to analyse the lateral lock-in phenomenon on real footbridges. The proposed crowd-structure interaction model is organized in three levels: (i) pedestrian-structure interaction; (ii) interaction among pedestrians in the crowd; and (iii) interaction between the crowd and the structure. To this end, first, the human-structure interaction of each pedestrian is modelled via a simplified two degrees of freedom system. Second, the interaction among pedestrians inside the crowd is simulated using a multi-agent model. The considered model simulates the movement of each pedestrian from the dynamic equilibrium of the different social forces that act on him/her. Finally, the crowd-structure interaction is achieved modifying the behaviour of the pedestrians depending on the comfort level experienced. For this purpose, the recommendations established by the French standards have been considered. The integration of the three levels in an overall model is achieved by the implementation of a predictive– corrective method. The performance of the proposed model is validated correlating the numerical and experimental dynamic response of the Pedro e Inês footbridge during the development of a lateral lock-in pedestrian test. As the first lateral natural frequency of the footbridge is inside the range that characterizes the walking pedestrian step frequency in lateral direction, numerical and experimental studies were performed to analyse its behaviour under pedestrian action. The agreement between the numerical and experimental results is adequate. However, further studies are recommended in order to generalize the proposed approach and facilitate its use during the design project of future footbridges.Ministerio de Ciencia DPI2014-53947-

Short-term fire front spread prediction using inverse modelling and airborne infrared images

A wildfire forecasting tool capable of estimating the fire perimeter position sufficiently in advance of the actual fire arrival will assist firefighting operations and optimise available resources. However, owing to limited knowledge of fire event characteristics (e.g. fuel distribution and characteristics, weather variability) and the short time available to deliver a forecast, most of the current models only provide a rough approximation of the forthcoming fire positions and dynamics. The problem can be tackled by coupling data assimilation and inverse modelling techniques. We present an inverse modelling-based algorithm that uses infrared airborne images to forecast short-term wildfire dynamics with a positive lead time. The algorithm is applied to two real-scale mallee-heath shrubland fire experiments, of 9 and 25 ha, successfully forecasting the fire perimeter shape and position in the short term. Forecast dependency on the assimilation windows is explored to prepare the system to meet real scenario constraints. It is envisaged the system will be applied at larger time and space scales.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Efecto del avance de la tuberosidad tibial (ATT) sobre la fuerza del tendon Patelar en articulación de rodilla canina bajo fuerza femoral caudal

The Tibial Tuberosity Advancement (TTA) surgical technique is used in veterinary surgery to limit cranial tibial translation during canine gait, lengthening the lever arm of the quadriceps in Anterior Cruciate Ligament-deficient (ACL-deficient) stifle joints. It is know that after TTA, the patellofemoral pressure decreases, but the Patellar Tendon (PT) behavior has not been observed experimentally yet. This study measures the PT force under caudal femoral drawer at knee flexion angles from 135° to 90° in intact and pathological knee to asses the effect of TTA on the tendon. Five fresh cadaveric adult canine stifle joint were tested in an apparatus in which muscle forces of the canine hind limb were simulated. Each knee was tested in three different conditions: intact, ACL-deficient and with TTA. PT force was measured using a electrical transducer. The greater the joint flexion angles, the greater the PT force. The knee average force of the five specimens in 90º flexion were 28.4 ± 3.2 Newtons (N) for the intact, 28.2 ± 3.4 N for the ACL-deficient and 24.9 ± 2 N for the TTA knee, which decreased compared to the healthy knee, so TTA generates a loosening of the PT force. The PT force showed a fast rate of change in the operated knee because of a shift in the pattern of knee flexion, so the biomechanics of the entire joint could be influenced by the TTA technique.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Efecto del avance de la tuberosidad tibial (ATT) sobre la rigidez del ligamento cruzado caudal en articulación de rodilla canina bajo fuerza femoral cranial. Comparación entre rodilla intacta, con rotura de ligamento cruzado cranial y con la ATT: estudio experimental in-vitro

The tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) is a surgical technique used to repair cranial cruciate ligament-deficient (CrCL-deficient) canine knees. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of TTA on caudal cruciate ligament (CaCL) under femoral anterior force, in a 135° joint extension angle; and the role of CaCL in an CrCLdeficient knee. Five fresh cadaveric adult canine stifle joints were tested in an apparatus in which muscle forces were simulated. Each knee was tested in three different conditions: intact, CrCLdeficient knee and with TTA surgery. Shear force (Newtons, N) and CaCL deformation (millimetres, mm) were measured using sensors and the ligament rigidity (force divided by deformation, N/mm) was calculated and compared between the three knees. The mean rigiditiy values increased from intact knee, 104.4 N/mm (SD 3.6), to CrCL-deficient knee, 136.5 N/mm (SD 7.5). However, the rigidity was even greater when applying the TTA, 257.2 N/ mm (SD 21.1). Since, stress on the CaCL in CrCL-deficient knees was greater than in intact knees, the ligament assumed a more important role. On the other hand, the TTA technique generates an overload on the CaCL until rigidity exceeds its load-bearing capacity. Although the in-vitro models are far from reality, these findings suggest the need to further study the effects of TTA on the CaCL.El avance de la tuberosidad tibial (ATT) es una técnica quirúrgica usada para reparar la lesion de Ligamento Cruzado Craneal (LCCr) en la rodilla canina. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la ATT sobre el ligamento cruzado caudal (LCCa) con el efecto de una fuerza femoral cranial, en un ángulo de extension de la articulación de 135º; y el rol del LCCa en rodillas con lesion de LCCr. Cinco articulaciones cadavéricas de rodilla canina se sometieron a pruebas en una bancada, en la cual se simularon las fuerzas musculares. Cada rodilla fué ensayada en tres condiciones diferentes: rodilla intacta, rodilla con rotura de LCCr, y rodilla operada con la ATT. Se midieron con sensores la fuerza cortante (Newtons, N), la deformación del LCCa (milimetros, mm) y se calculó la rigidez del ligamento (fuerza dividida por deformación, N/mm) y se comparó entre las tres rodillas. Los valores promedios de la rigidez se incrementaron desde la rodilla intacta, con 104,4, N/mm (DS 3,6), a la rodilla con lesion de LCCr, con 136,5 N/mm (DS 7,5). Sin embargo, la rigidez aun fué mayor cuando se aplicó la ATT, con 257,2 N/mm (SD 21,1). Debido a que el estrés en el LCCa fué mayor en las rodillas con lesion de LCCr que en rodillas intactas, el ligamento asumió un rol más importante. Por otro lado, la técnica de la ATT genera una sobre carga al LCCa hasta alcanzar una rigidez por encima de su capacidad. Sin embargo, los modelos in-vitro siguen estando lejos de la realidad, por lo que estos hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de más estudios de los efectos del ATT sobre el LCCa.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

The Complementarity of Contraries in William Blake's Songs of Innocence and Experience: A Contrastive Analysis of a Selection of Poems from Both Collections.

Mi trabajo compara parejas de poemas de ambas colecciones que resultan ser contrarios y complementarios a la vez. El objetivo principal es explicar cómo estos poemas se entienden de una manera más completa al leerlos y analizarlos junto con su pareja.<br /

Prácticas educativas sociales para la transmisión de la cultura alimentaria desde un enfoque interseccional en la Región de Papaloápan, Oaxaca

The Papaloápan region of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, has extensive cultural, ethnic, environmental, biological, and economic wealth, among others. The large number of food resources make this territorial and cultural space unique. In this context, some world phenomena such as globalization, migratory processes, food markets, among others, are influencing the food culture of various social groups. To understand the context and process of valuation and transmission of food culture, an investigation was carried out from an intercultural and intersectional approach in the Papaloápan region in four municipalities (Tuxtepec, Valle Nacional, Cotzocón, Yavéo) made up of six ethnic groups (Náhuatl, Mixtecs, Mazatecos, Zapotecs, Chinantecos, Mixes and Afro-Mexicans). A mixed methodology was designed, in which, based on participatory research, a diagnosis of the processes of valuation and intergenerational transmission was carried out using socio-digital tools in the communities and family kitchens of four communities (San Bartolo, La Finca, María Lombardo, Francisco Villa). From the deepening of these processes, the intercultural and intersectional elements that promote the intergenerational transfer of food culture between the various actors involved in its reproduction and that contribute to the design of a local community communication strategy that can promote and replicate in similar contexts the food culture conceived as intangible cultural heritage in the various social educational practices of older adults, women, adult men, young people and children from an inclusive approach.La región Papaloápan del estado de Oaxaca México, tiene amplia riqueza cultural, étnica, ambiental, biológica, económica, entre otras. El gran número de recursos alimentarios hacen único este espacio territorial y cultural. En este contexto, algunos fenómenos mundiales tales como la globalización, procesos migratorios, los mercados alimentarios, entre otros, están influyendo en la cultura alimentaria de los diversos grupos sociales. Para conocer el contexto y proceso de valoración y transmisión de la cultura alimentaria se realizó una investigación desde un enfoque intercultural e interseccional en la región de Papaloápan en cuatro municipios (Tuxtepec, Valle Nacional, Cotzocón, Yavéo) conformado por seis grupos étnicos (Náhuatl, Mixtecos, Mazatecos, Zapotecos, Chinantecos, Mixes y Afromexicanos).&nbsp; Se diseñó una metodología mixta, en el que a partir de una investigación participativa se realizó un diagnóstico de los procesos de valoración y transmisión intergeneracional utilizando herramientas socio digitales en las comunidades y las cocinas familiares de cuatro comunidades (San Bartolo, La Finca, María Lombardo, Francisco Villa). A partir de la profundización de estos procesos, se destaca los elementos interculturales e interseccionales que promueven la transferencia intergeneracionalmente la cultura alimentaria entre los diversos actores que intervienen en la reproducción de ésta y que aportan al diseño de una estrategia de comunicación comunitaria&nbsp; local que pueda promover y replicar en contextos similares la cultura alimentaria concebida como patrimonio cultural intangible en las diversas prácticas educativas sociales de las y los adultos mayores, las mujeres, los hombres adultos, las y los jóvenes&nbsp; y las infancias desde un enfoque inclusivo

Computing wildfire behaviour metrics from CFD simulation data

In this article, we demonstrate a new post-processing methodology which can be used to analyse CFD wildfire simulation outputs in a model-independent manner. CFD models produce a great deal of quantitative output but require additional post-processing to calculate commonly used wildfire behaviour metrics. Such post-processing has so far been model specific. Our method takes advantage of the 3D renderings that are a common output from such models and provides a means of calculating important fire metrics such as rate of spread and flame height using image processing techniques. This approach can be applied similarly to different models and to real world fire behaviour datasets, thus providing a new framework for model validation. Furthermore, obtained information is not limited to average values over the complete domain but spatially and temporally explicit metric distributions are provided. This feature supports posterior statistical analyses, ultimately contributing to more detailed and rigorous fire behaviour studies.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Main specifications of CFD codes for WUIVIEW activities

CFD simulations will be the core activity of the WUVIEW performance based fire safety analysis. The purpose of this document is to provide WUIVIEW partners with a general overview of the CFD codes to be used in the Action. The general simulation framework is described, particularly highlighting data inputs and scenario description requirements, to be developed in subsequent WUIVIEW WPs. This TN provides the technical foundations and main specifications of the databases to be designed within the WUIVIEW working program (ongoing action by UPC).Postprint (updated version

Recerca en incendis forestals: cremes experimentals a Austràlia

Postprint (published version