A takarmány zsírsavösszetétele és a takarmányfelvétel korlátozásával járó stressz állapot kapcsolatának vizsgálata baromfiban = Investigations on the relationships between fatty acid composition of diet and effects of feed restriction in poultry

Vizsgálataink során az ad libitum takarmányt fogyasztó brojlerek esetében a kisebb nyerszsír tartalmú takarmányok etetése kisebb alap vérplazma kortikoszteron szintet eredményezett, mint a nagyobb zsírtartalmú takarmányok etetése. A kisebb zsírfelvétel pozitívan befolyásolta a glükóz és lipid anyagcserével összefüggő, a takarmánymegvonás hatására bekövetkező változásokat. A nagy nyerszsír tartalmú, linolsavban (C18:2n-6) vagy alfa-linolénsavban (C18:3n-3) gazdag takarmányok nagyobb alap kortikoszteron szintet eredményeztek, mint a halolajban található hosszú szénláncú, többszörösen telítetlen n-3-as zsírsavak. Az utóbbi zsírsavak valószínűleg gátolják a kortikoszteron szintézisét. A hosszú szénláncú n-3-as zsírsavak kedvezőtlenebb hatást fejtettek ki a brojlerek antioxidáns védelmi rendszerére, mint a linolsav vagy az alfa-linolénsav. A 24 óráig tartó takarmánymegvonás nem befolyásolta szignifikáns mértékben a brojlerek antioxidáns státuszát. Ugyanilyen mértékű takarmánymegvonás után az alfa-linolénsavban gazdag takarmányt fogyasztó tojótyúkok plazmájában kisebb LDL- és HDL koleszterin szintet mértünk, mint a linolsavban gazdag takarmányok esetében. Brojler szülőpár kakasokban a halolajjal kiegészített takarmány etetése után nagyobb tesztoszteron szintézis/szekréció és spermiumtermelés volt megfigyelhető a szójaolajjal kiegészített takarmányokkal összehasonlítva. | In the present research project, feeding low-fat diets led to lower level of basal plasma corticosterone in broilers fed ad libitum and positively influenced the fasting- and refeeding-induced metabolic changes related to glucose and lipid metabolism compared with feeding high-fat diets. Feeding high-fat diets rich in linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) or alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) resulted in higher baseline plasma corticosterone levels than feeding a fish oil supplemented diet rich in long-chain n-3 fatty acids. These findings suggest that the long chain n-3 fatty acids present in fish oil may inhibit corticosterone synthesis. Furthermore, the higher intake of long-chain n-3 fatty acids more adversely affected the antioxidant defence system of broiler chickens than that of linoleic and linolenic acid. Fasting for 24h did not influence the lipid peroxide and antioxidant status of birds significantly. After feed deprivation, plasma levels of LDL and HDL cholesterol were lower in hens fed on diets rich in alpha-linolenic acid compared to a diet rich in linoleic acid. In broiler breeder cockerels, diets supplemented with fish oil resulted in higher synthesis/secretion of testosterone and sperm production compared to diets containing soybean oil

The mission and culture of the corporation

The economic crisis has brought a new situation also for the Hungarian economic policy, as neoliberalism as the main trend in economic thought is no longer valid. This phenomenon cannot be reduced to be a mere macroeconomic course shift, as an entire economic philosophy and approach has lost its relevance. One consequence of this is the need for a thorough revision of the theory and practice of business management, along with the re-evaluation of the notion and position of the corporation. Our study aims to contribute to this theoretical reformation, presenting that social values derived from psychological and sociological findings such as human motivational theories or trust are fundamental elements of the 21st century corporate model. To point to this, we use the ideological correspondences, while proving that our national research on corporate theory and even rather its application are far behind the 21st century requirements and lack even the Western view of the 20th century

The mission and culture of the corporation

The economic crisis has brought a new situation also for the Hungarian economic policy, as neoliberalism as the main trend in economic thought is no longer valid. This phenomenon cannot be reduced to be a mere macroeconomic course shift, as an entire economic philosophy and approach has lost its relevance. One consequence of this is the need for a thorough revision of the theory and practice of business management, along with the re-evaluation of the notion and position of the corporation. Our study aims to contribute to this theoretical reformation, presenting that social values derived from psychological and sociological findings such as human motivational theories or trust are fundamental elements of the 21st century corporate model. To point to this, we use the ideological correspondences, while proving that our national research on corporate theory and even rather its application are far behind the 21st century requirements and lack even the Western view of the 20th century. --Economic theory,organization,mission,trust,corporate culture,transactional cost,motivational cost

Isotropic and anisotropic pointing models

This paper describes an alternative approach for generating pointing models for telescopes equipped with serial kinematics, esp. equatorial or alt-az mounts. Our model construction does not exploit any assumption for the underlying physical constraints of the mount, however, one can assign various effects to the respective components of the equations. In order to recover the pointing model parameters, classical linear least squares fitting procedures can be applied. This parameterization also lacks any kind of parametric singularity. We demonstrate the efficiency of this type of model on real measurements with meter-class telescopes where the results provide a root mean square accuracy of 1.5-2 arcseconds.Comment: Accepted for publication in Exp. Astro

Accurate Telescope Mount Positioning with MEMS Accelerometers

This paper describes the advantages and challenges of applying microelectromechanical accelerometer systems (MEMS accelerometers) in order to attain precise, accurate and stateless positioning of telescope mounts. This provides a completely independent method from other forms of electronic, optical, mechanical or magnetic feedback or real-time astrometry. Our goal is to reach the sub-arcminute range which is well smaller than the field-of-view of conventional imaging telescope systems. Here we present how this sub-arcminute accuracy can be achieved with very cheap MEMS sensors and we also detail how our procedures can be extended in order to attain even finer measurements. In addition, our paper discusses how can a complete system design be implemented in order to be a part of a telescope control system.Comment: Accepted for publication in PASP, 12 page

Neuronal and astroglial correlates underlying spatiotemporal Intrinsic Optical Signal in the rat hippocampal slice

Widely used for mapping afferent activated brain areas in vivo, the label-free intrinsic optical signal (IOS) is mainly ascribed to blood volume changes subsequent to glial glutamate uptake. By contrast, IOS imaged in vitro is generally attributed to neuronal and glial cell swelling, however the relative contribution of different cell types and molecular players remained largely unknown. We characterized IOS to Schaffer collateral stimulation in the rat hippocampal slice using a 464-element photodiode-array device that enables IOS monitoring at 0.6 ms time-resolution in combination with simultaneous field potential recordings. We used brief half-maximal stimuli by applying a medium intensity 50 Volt-stimulus train within 50 ms (20 Hz). IOS was primarily observed in the str. pyramidale and proximal region of the str. radiatum of the hippocampus. It was eliminated by tetrodotoxin blockade of voltage-gated Na+ channels and was significantly enhanced by suppressing inhibitory signaling with gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptor antagonist picrotoxin. We found that IOS was predominantly initiated by postsynaptic Glu receptor activation and progressed by the activation of astroglial Glu transporters and Mg2+-independent astroglial N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Under control conditions, role for neuronal K+/Cl- cotransporter KCC2, but not for glial Na+/K+/Cl- cotransporter NKCC1 was observed. Slight enhancement and inhibition of IOS through non-specific Cl- and volume-regulated anion channels, respectively, were also depicted. High-frequency IOS imaging, evoked by brief afferent stimulation in brain slices provide a new paradigm for studying mechanisms underlying IOS genesis. Major players disclosed this way imply that spatiotemporal IOS reflects glutamatergic neuronal activation and astroglial response, as observed within the hippocampus. Our model may help to better interpret in vivo IOS and support diagnosis in the future

Teaching economics in Hungary after the crisis

In the wake of the economic crisis, a question arises increasingly often: what is the role of economic culture in overcoming the crisis? Since the mid-2000s, leaders of developed countries have kept pointing out that fostering political and economic education is a driver of growth and development. Curricula are being overhauled; new modules are appearing in the study programmes of secondary schools, colleges, and university-level undergraduate courses; significant curriculum developments have been launched at the world’s leading universities in the last few years. Hungarian higher education cannot exclude itself from this process