Ocena zaburzeń przewodzenia przedsionkowego i czynności mechanicznej lewego przedsionka u chorych z subklinicznymi zaburzeniami czynności tarczycy

Introduction: Changes of thyroid hormones levels may lead to effects, not only in ventricular function, but also atrial function. The aim of this study was to investigate left atrial (LA) mechanical functions, atrial electromechanical coupling and P wave dispersion in patients with subclinical thyroid disorders. Material and methods: Eighty patients with subclinical thyroid disorders and forty controls were included. A diagnosis of subclinical thyroid disorders were reached with increased or decreased serum TSH and normal free T4 (fT4) levels. LA volumes were measured using the biplane area length method and LA active and passive emptying volumes and fraction were calculated. Intra- and interatrial electromechanical delay were measured by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Results: All groups had similar demographic findings. LA mechanical functions significantly impaired in subclinical thyroid disorders than control group. Intra- and Interatrial delay, were measured significantly higher in patients with subclinical thyroid disorders than control group. PA lateral and interatrial delay were positively correlated with TSH (r = 0.507, p = 0.006 and r = 0.455, p = 0.015, respectively) in subclinical hypothyroid patients. There was negative correlation between TSH and interatrial delay (r = –0.492, p = 0.006) in subclinical hyperthyroid patients. Linear multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that, TSH was the only an independent factor of interatrial delay in patients with subclinica tlhyroid disorders. Conclusions: This study showed that impaired LA mechanical and electromechanical function in subclinical thyroid disorders. TSH was an independent determinant of interatrial delay. Prolonged atrial electromechanical coupling time and impaired mechanical atrial functions may be related to the increased incidence of arrhythmias.Wstęp: Zmiany stężeń hormonów tarczycy mogą wpływać nie tylko na czynność komór serca, ale również na czynność przedsionków. Niniejsze badanie przeprowadzono w celu oceny czynności mechanicznej lewego przedsionka (LA), sprzężenia elektromechanicznego i dyspersji załamka P u chorych z subklinicznymi zaburzeniami czynności tarczycy. Materiał i metody: Do badania włączono 80 chorych z subklinicznymi zaburzeniami czynności tarczycy i 40 osób stanowiących grupę kontrolną. Zaburzenia czynności tarczycy rozpoznawano na podstawie obniżonego lub podwyższonego stężenia TSH w surowicy i prawidłowego stężenia wolnej T4 (fT4). Zmierzono objętości LA, posługując się dwupłaszczyznową metodą area-lenght (pole– wymiar podłużny). Obliczono również objętości i frakcje aktywnego i biernego opróżniania LA. Do pomiaru opóźnienia przewodnictwa wewnątrzi międzyprzedsionkowego zastosowano technikę doplera tkankowego. Wyniki: Grupy nie różniły się pod względem charakterystyki demograficznej. W grupie z zaburzeniami czynności tarczycy mechaniczna funkcja przedsionków była istotnie upośledzona w porównaniu z osobami z grupy kontrolnej. Opóźnienie przewodnictwa wewnątrzi międzyprzedsionkowego stwierdzano istotnie częściej u osób z zaburzeniami czynności tarczycy. Stwierdzono dodatnią korelację miedzy opóźnieniem elektromechanicznym (PA lateral) i opóźnieniem przewodzenia międzyprzedsionkowego a TSH (odpowiednio r = 0,507; p = 0,006 i r = 0,455; p = 0,015) u osób z subkliniczną niedoczynnością tarczycy. Z kolei u osób z subkliniczną nadczynnością tarczycy zaobserwowano ujemną korelację między TSH i opóźnieniem przewodzenia międzyprzedsionkowego (r = –0,492; p = 0,006). W wieloczynnikowej analizie regresji liniowej wykazano, że stężenie TSH było jedynym parametrem niezależnie związanym z opóźnieniem przewodzenia międzyprzedsionkowego u chorych z subklinicznymi zaburzeniami czynności tarczycy. Wnioski: W niniejszym badaniu wykazano upośledzoną czynność mechaniczną i elektromechaniczną LA u chorych z subklinicznymi zaburzeniami czynności tarczycy. Stężenie TSH było niezależnym czynnikiem determinującym opóźnienie przewodzenia międzyprzedsionkowego. Wydłużenie czasu sprzężenia elektromechanicznego i upośledzenie mechanicznej czynności przedsionków mogą się wiązać ze zwiększoną zapadalnością na zaburzenia rytmu

Renewable energy and economic growth relationship under the oil reserve ownership: Evidence from panel VAR approach

© 2022 Elsevier LtdThis study aims to explore the relationship among economic growth, CO2 emissions, fossil fuels consumption, renewable energy consumption, foreign direct investments, and trade by taking into account countries with oil reserves (export groups) and countries without oil reserves (import group). The factors affecting CO2 emissions in countries with and without oil production have been investigated by using Panel VAR (PVAR) and Granger causality methods for the period of 1990–2015. In both country groups, growth positively affects CO2 emissions. While there is a negative relationship between CO2 emission and foreign direct investments in the oil importing country group, there is a positive relationship between CO2 and trade in the oil-exporting group. PVAR analysis results illustrate that the growth hypothesis is valid in both groups of countries. In addition, when both country group examined, the countries sacrifice their national income to reduce carbon emissions, which makes it difficult to reduce emissions in the world. According to the variance decomposition results, while the CO2 variable defines itself as 98% for oil importing countries, the second important variable that pollutes the air is GDP. In addition, the variables FDI, REN and FOSSIL affect air pollution by 4% over a 10-year period

Phylogenetic analysis of black queen cell virus and deformed wing virus in honeybee colonies infected by mites in Van, Eastern Turkey

This study aimed to determine the presence and prevalence of viral and parasitic infections causing high rates of colony loss in honey bee colonies in Van province, eastern Turkey. Twenty-six different apiaries were collected from five counties in Van province. These samples were tested by Reverse-Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) for acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV) and deformed wing virus (DWV). Selected positives were sequenced, phylogenetically analyzed and investigated in terms of Varroa. DWV and BQCV were identified in 69.23% (18/26) and 88.46% (23/26) of the bees respectively whereas ABPV and CBPV were not detected in the sampled apiaries. Results of the phylogenetic analysis of DWV and BQCV sequences showed 94-100% similarity to DWV and BQCV isolates obtained from Genbank. Prevalence of varroasis was 89% (23/26) in Van. The obtained samples were identified as Varroa destructor by morphological investigation. The study showed that viral and parasitic agents commonly infect honeybees in Van province, with high prevalence rates for BQCV and DWV. There was also a high degree of conservation of DWV and BQCV sequences distinct from DWV and BQCV isolates from other geographical regions. These findings, including current prevalence and phylogenetic analysis data for DWV, BQCV and varroazis in honeybees, are useful for future studies

GST M1 and CYP1A1 gene polymorphism and daily fruit consumption in Turkish patients with non-small cell lung carcinomas

Background: In general, the metabolism of carcinogens involves two pathways. The oxidative pathway, which enhances carcinogenesis (phase I), and the protective pathway, in which carcinogens are conjugated with a series of substances such as glutathione to achieve detoxification (phase II). It has been suggested that an increased phase I enzyme activity (CYP1A1) and a decreased phase II enzyme activity (GST M1) could each individually cause an increase in the risk of cancer. Materials and Methods: In the present study we explored the association between genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1 and GST M1 and non-small cell lung cancer (n = 55) and controls (n = 60) in Turkish subjects. We used PCR methods and enzyme restriction for determining polymorphism. A standard food questionnaire was used to determine daily fresh fruit consumption. Results and Conclusion: We found that CYP1A1 mutant variant (Ile/Val) was more highly expressed in Turkish patients and controls than in other Caucasian populations. Our findings were similar to Far Eastern populations (32.7% for patient group, 43.1% for controls). In spite of the similarity between the groups regarding GST M1 polymorphism, in the patient group, patients with GST M1 null genotype had a statistically significant positive history of exposure to carcinogens other than smoking, such as asbestos, petrochemicals and/or other chemicals (p = 0.01). The patients, who had CYP1A1 mutant variant, had increased risk of,adenocarcinoma (p = 0.046) of lung (8 out of 18 patients) and 6 of them also had GST M1 (-) gene variants together. The patients who consumed less fruit daily had a greater risk of epidermoid carcinoma of lung (p = 0.019). However this study showed that there were no differences between the patient and control groups regarding genetic polymorphism of genes

Color Doppler ultrasonography findings of bladder tumors: Correlation with stage and histopathologic grade

Purpose: To describe color Doppler ultrasonography findings of bladder tumors and to investigate the correlation between these findings with stage and histopathological grade

CYP17 (T-34C) and CYP19 (Trp39Arg) Polymorphisms and their Cooperative Effects on Breast Cancer Susceptibility

Background: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer among women in industrialized countries. Most sporadic breast carcinomas are likely to be caused by low-penetrance genes. Genes encoding enzymes involved in estrogen and carcinogen metabolism are among these low-penetrance genes. In this study, for the first time the T/C (A1/A2) polymorphism at the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of CYP17 and the Arg/Trp (T/C) polymorphism at codon 39 of CYP19 among genes regulating endogenous estrogen levels was studied. Patients and Methods: Fifty-five female breast cancer patients and ninety-one controls took part in the study. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues for the patients and from blood cells for the controls. The distribution of genotypes was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques. Results: The frequency of the TC genotype of CYP19 was significantly higher in the patient group (p<0.001, kappa(2): 12.31, OR: 7.30, 95% Cl: 2.29-25.64). CYP17 frequencies were similar to those in Caucasian populations. In combined analysis, when the high risk alleles were evaluated together, the results reached significance (p=0.006, kappa(2)=7.01, OR: 2.53, %95 CI: 1.26-5.07) for the A2 allele of CYP17 and the C allele of CYP19, being more frequent in the patient group compared to the control. The risk possesed by the TC varient of CYP19 was reduced when evaluated with A1, the protective allele of CYP17 (p=0.082). The cumulative protective effects of both A1 allele and the TT genotype were ascertained to occur significantly less frequently in the patient group (p=0.001, kappa(2): 10.53, OR: 8.47, %95 CI: 1.9-37.04). Conclusion: The results were consistent with the individual studies of CYP17 and CYP19 in the literature, however, in combined analysis of the alleles of the two genes, the frequency of high risk alleles was higher and the frequencies of low risk alleles were lower in the patient group. The CYP17 A1 + CYP19 TT haplotype may be protective for breast cancer