Paying attention to the evidence: a comparison of perception and decision making processes in novice and experienced scene of crime officers using eye tracking in simulated crime scene scenarios

Research on crime scene investigation has strongly focused on the technical aspects of the process, while cognitive aspects (searching, reasoning and perception) have often been overlooked. Textbooks on forensic sciences tend to focus on identifying and processing evidence, and the use of equipment while it can be argued that cognitive factors in processing such evidence and using equipment are equally important. This thesis studies the cognitive aspects of crime scene investigation by comparing eye movement patterns in experts and novices. Studies in various domains, including surgery, sports, and chess playing have shown that eye movements differ between experts and novices, providing a tool towards a more objective assessment of skill than is possible with peer assessment. In four experiments eye movements of experts and novices were examined during (1) inspection of photographs of crime scenes on a computer screen (2) a change blindness task on crime and non-crime scene images, (3) active exploration of a simulated crime scene and (4) the assessment of emotional crime and natural scenes. While some trends in eye movement differences, such as a tendency on longer fixation durations and a broader focus on the overall scene and less on the direct evidence could be found in experts compared to novices, differences between experts and novices were considerably smaller than in other domains, despite the broad range of measures extracted from the data. This lack of clear expertise effects may relate to the rather diverse range of perceptual layouts of crime scenes, reducing possible top-down effects of expertise on the deployment of attention. The results will be discussed with a view of possible directions of future research in this domain

Midfoot reconstruction with free vascularized fibular graft after wide resection: A case report

Malignant foot tumours are often treated with amputations due to anatomical difficulties. Limb salvage techniques are difficult to perform, as a stable, sensible and plantigrade foot should be obtained to prevent further problems. In this report, we present a midfoot reconstruction with a vascularized free fibula, osteomized in a V-shape after wide resection of a midfoot synovial sarcoma. We describe the reconstruction of both longitudinal arches in which using a vascularized autograft facilitated union, remodeling of the bone, and obtaining a functional foot

Biological reconstruction of the femur using double free vascularized fibular autografts in a vertical array because of a large defect following wide resection of an osteosarcoma: a case report with 7 years of follow-up

Free vascularized fibular autograft transfer to the defect area after wide resection of bone sarcoma is one of many biological reconstruction methods. We report on an 8-year-old girl with 7 years of follow-up treated for right femur osteosarcoma. A 26 cm long tumor was resected with clear margins. Because the length of one fibular autograft was shorter than the defect length, bilateral free vascularized fibular autografts were used in a vertical array on top of one another, and placed inside a fresh-frozen femoral allograft. The original length of the femur was maintained by this technique. J Pediatr Orthop B 22:52-58 (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Lung Metastasis Mimicking Fingertip Infection

Metastasis fingers (acral metastasis) are finding a poor prognosis. Past medical history should be questioned and metastasis from primary tumor should be kept in mind in patients with pain, swelling, and hyperemia in fingers. Successful surgical treatment on acral metastasis does not extend the life expectancy; however, it reduces the patient's pain during his terminal period, saves the functions of the limb, and increases life comfort

Lung Metastasis Mimicking Fingertip Infection

Metastasis fingers (acral metastasis) are finding a poor prognosis. Past medical history should be questioned and metastasis from primary tumor should be kept in mind in patients with pain, swelling, and hyperemia in fingers. Successful surgical treatment on acral metastasis does not extend the life expectancy; however, it reduces the patient’s pain during his terminal period, saves the functions of the limb, and increases life comfort

Treatment efficacy and superinfection rates in complicated urinary tract infections treated with ertapenem or piperacillin tazobactam

Background/aim: In this retrospective study, the efficacy of ertapenem and piperacillin tazobactam was compared in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs). Treatment responses were also evaluated for both antibiotics. Materials and methods: A total of 230 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 170 received ertapenem and 60 received piperacillin-tazobactam. Results: In both groups, urine cultures after 48 h were negative for the initial uropathogen. The frequency of superinfection was 29.4\% in the ertapenem group and 8.3\% in the piperacillin-tazobactam group over the duration of treatment (P < 0.05). Urinary catheterization increased the superinfection risk 2.88-fold in the ertapenem group and diabetes mellitus increased the risk 8.50-fold in the piperacillin-tazobactam group (CI: 1.44-5.76 and 1.16-62.09, respectively, P < 0.05). The main pathogen isolated from superinfection in the ertapenem group after 48 h was Enterococcus spp. (71.4\%). Conclusion: Both ertapenem and piperacillin-tazobactam were effective in the treatment of cUTIs caused by ESBL-producing microorganisms. A high frequency of superinfection in the ertapenem group was the result of Enterococcus and Pseudomonas spp., against which ertapenem is not active. In the presence of urinary catheterization, diabetes mellitus, and urological intervention, patients should be closely monitored for the development of a superinfection, especially patients receiving ertapenem

Neuroprotective effect of systemic and/or intravitreal rosuvastatin administration in rat glaucoma model.

To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of rosuvastatin, in a rat experimental glaucoma model

Neuroprotective effect of systemic and/or intravitreal rosuvastatin administration in rat glaucoma model

AIM: To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of rosuvastatin, in a rat experimental glaucoma model