New identities involving q-Euler polynomials of higher order

In this paper we give new identities involving q-Euler polynomials of higher order.Comment: 11 page

Capacity Gaps in Post Disaster Waste Management: Case Study in Sri Lanka

Disaster waste is one of the major consequences aftermath of any disaster, impacts on public and environment, rescue and emergency services, provision of lifeline support and socio-economic recovery of affected areas. Thus, management of wastes created by disasters has become an increasingly important issue to be addressed in responding to a disaster. This chapter intends to present the prevailing gaps in disaster waste management and approaches to minimize the impacts on disaster management at developing countries with special emphasis to Sri Lankan context. Findings revealed that, unavailability of single point responsibility and provisions for disaster waste in existing policies and capacity constraints of the prevailing peace time solid waste management practices as major capacity gaps. Establishment of a regulatory body and enforceable rules and regulations with necessary levels of capacities were identified with seven areas for capacity building for post disaster waste management. The research enabled to attain sustainable post disaster waste management for future resilience

Interpolation function of the genocchi type polynomials

The main purpose of this paper is to construct not only generating functions of the new approach Genocchi type numbers and polynomials but also interpolation function of these numbers and polynomials which are related to a, b, c arbitrary positive real parameters. We prove multiplication theorem of these polynomials. Furthermore, we give some identities and applications associated with these numbers, polynomials and their interpolation functions.Comment: 14 page

Association of CHA2DS2-VASc score with successful recanalization in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy

Introduction: The CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes mellitus, stroke, vascular disease and sex) score is a simple risk stratification algorithm to estimate stroke/thromboembolic risk in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Higher pre-stroke CHA2DS2-VASc score is known to be associated with greater stroke severity and poorer outcomes. AF patients generally have higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores than non-AF patients. The Modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) score is the most widely used grading system to assess the result of recanalizing therapies in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). mTICI 2c and mTICI 3 are conventionally accepted as successful recanalization. Aim: We investigated whether pre-stroke CHA2DS2-VASc score is associated with mTICI recanalization score in AIS patients with and without AF undergoing percutaneous thrombectomy. Material and methods: One hundred fifty-nine patients with the diagnosis of AIS who were admitted within 6 h from symptom onset were included in the study (mean age: 65.7 ±12.9). All subjects underwent endovascular treatment. CHA2DS2-VASc scores of the participants were calculated. Subjects were grouped according to mTICI scores achieved after endovascular treatment. mTICI 2c and mTICI 3 were accepted as successful recanalization. Results: Successful reperfusion was observed in 130 (81.8%) of all patients who underwent endovascular treatment (mTICI flow ≥ 2c) and first-pass reperfusion was observed in 107 (67.3%) patients. When the patients with successful (mTICI flow ≥ 2c) and unsuccessful (mTICI flow ≤ 2b) reperfusion were divided into groups, no significant difference was observed between the patients in terms of comorbidities such as AF, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular accident history. Patients with unsuccessful reperfusion were older than patients with successful reperfusion (71.4 ±11.2 vs. 64.5 ±13.01, p = 0.006), with a higher CHA2DS2-VASc score (4.1 ±1.5 vs. 3.04 ±1.6, p = 0.002). In addition, the duration of the procedure was longer in the unsuccessful reperfusion group (92.4 ±27.2 min vs. 65.0 ±25.1 min, p < 0.001). CHA2DS2-VASc score significantly correlated with successful recanalization (correlation coefficient; 0.243, p = 0.002). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only CHA2DS2-VASc score (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.09-1.87, p = 0.006) and procedure time (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of successful reperfusion. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the cut-off value for the CHA2DS2-VASc score that best predicts successful reperfusion. The optimal threshold was 3.5, with a sensitivity of 58.6% and specificity of 59.2% (area under the curve (AUC): 0.669, p = 0.005). Conclusions: For the first time in the literature, we investigated and demonstrated that pre-stroke CHA2DS2-VASc score was associated with success of recanalization as assessed with mTICI 2c and mTICI 3 in a cohort of AIS patients regardless of AF presence who underwent endovascular treatment. Our findings deserve to be tested with large scale long term studies

Monitoring of drinking water distribution system by SCADA in Antalya City, Turkey

Antalya water and wastewater administration has recently completed SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system. The system enabled the on-line continuous monitoring of many water quantity and quality parameters such as flow rate, pressure, temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, and free residual chlorine. Additionally, water levels in the distribution reservoirs, water pumps, energy consumption and the closing valves are monitored and controlled by the SCADA system. Beside the on-line continuous monitoring, field sampling and lab analyses of other water quality parameters such as total organic carbon, THM, bromide, iron, nitrogen and phosphorous groups, and coliform bacteria were conducted. The results of field sampling agreed with the on-line monitoring values. The SCADA system proved to be very useful for reducing water losses, improving water quality, reducing energy consumption and improving the reliability of the system

An inhibitory pull-push circuit in frontal cortex.

Push-pull is a canonical computation of excitatory cortical circuits. By contrast, we identify a pull-push inhibitory circuit in frontal cortex that originates in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-expressing interneurons. During arousal, VIP cells rapidly and directly inhibit pyramidal neurons; VIP cells also indirectly excite these pyramidal neurons via parallel disinhibition. Thus, arousal exerts a feedback pull-push influence on excitatory neurons-an inversion of the canonical push-pull of feedforward input

Residual Type 1 Immunity in Patients Genetically Deficient for Interleukin 12 Receptor β1 (IL-12Rβ1): Evidence for an IL-12Rβ1–Independent Pathway of IL-12 Responsiveness in Human T Cells

Genetic lack of interleukin 12 receptor β1 (IL-12Rβ1) surface expression predisposes to severe infections by poorly pathogenic mycobacteria or Salmonella and causes strongly decreased, but not completely abrogated, interferon (IFN)-γ production. To study IL-12Rβ1–independent residual IFN-γ production, we have generated mycobacterium–specific T cell clones (TCCs) from IL-12Rβ1–deficient individuals. All TCCs displayed a T helper type 1 phenotype and the majority responded to IL-12 by increased IFN-γ production and proliferative responses upon activation. This response to IL-12 could be further augmented by exogenous IL-18. IL-12Rβ2 was found to be normally expressed in the absence of IL-12Rβ1, and could be upregulated by IFN-α. Expression of IL-12Rβ2 alone, however, was insufficient to induce signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)4 activation in response to IL-12, whereas IFN-α/IFN-αR ligation resulted in Stat4 activation in both control and IL-12Rβ1–deficient cells. IL-12 failed to upregulate cell surface expression of IL-18R, integrin α6, and IL-12Rβ2 on IL-12Rβ1–deficient cells, whereas this was normal on control cells. IL-12–induced IFN-γ production in IL-12Rβ1–deficient T cells could be inhibited by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP) kinase inhibitor SB203580 and the MAP kinase kinase (MEK) 1/2 inhibitor U0126, suggesting involvement of MAP kinases in this alternative, Stat4-independent, IL-12 signaling pathway