Deep learning for diagnosis of malign pleural effusion on computed tomography images

Background: The pleura is a serous membrane that surrounds the lungs. The visceral surface secretes fluid into the serous cavity and the parietal surface ensures a regular absorption of this fluid. If this balance is disturbed, fluid accumulation occurs in the pleural space called “Pleural Effusion”. Today, accurate diagnosis of pleural diseases is becoming more critical, as advances in treatment protocols have contributed positively to prognosis. Our aim is to perform computer-aided numerical analysis of Computed Tomography (CT) images from patients showing pleural effusion images on CT and to examine the prediction of malignant/benign distinction using deep learning by comparing with the cytology results. Methods: The authors classified 408 CT images from 64 patients whose etiology of pleural effusion was investigated using the deep learning method. 378 of the images were used for the training of the system; 15 malignant and 15 benign CT images, which were not included in the training group, were used as the test. Results: Among the 30 test images evaluated in the system; 14 of 15 malignant patients and 13 of 15 benign patients were estimated with correct diagnosis (PPD: 93.3%, NPD: 86.67%, Sensitivity: 87.5%, Specificity: 92.86%). Conclusion: Advances in computer-aided diagnostic analysis of CT images and obtaining a pre-diagnosis of pleural fluid may reduce the need for interventional procedures by guiding physicians about which patients may have malignancies. Thus, it is cost and time-saving in patient management, allowing earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Demographic, Clinical and Radiological Features of Healthcare Workers and Two Index Cases That Were Infected with COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2)

To evaluate the index cases leading to the transmission of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Rize/Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine Education and Research Hospital with COVID-19 infection and the clinical features of infected HCWs. The first two COVID-19 test positive patients treated at Rize/Turkey between 10.03.2020 and 12.04.2020 and HCWs those who examined these two patients whose COVID-19 PCR test results were positive were included in this study. In Rize/Turkey, the first and second cases of positive COVID-19 which was recorded on 13.03.2020 on 25.03.2020, 27 HCWs (female, 63%, n = 17 and male, 37%, n = 10 and the mean age was 33.2 ± 6.9 years) who contacted during the treatment of these cases and became COVID-19 positive were examined. The median of symptom duration (days) of the HCWs was 5 days (range: 0–17 days). Fever, 55.6% (n = 15); malaise, 44.4% (n = 12); cough, 40.7% (n = 11); sore throat, 33.3% (n = 9); myalgia, 33.3% (n = 9); dyspnea, 14.8% (n = 4); diarrhea, 22.2% (n = 6); vomiting, 14.8% (n = 4); anosmia, 18.5% (n = 5); ageusia, 22.2% (n = 6) and headache, 37% (n = 10) of the cases. The rates of headache in female HCWs infected with COVID-19 were found to be significantly higher compared to men (52.9%). None of them had severe clinical situation requiring intensive care follow-up or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Laboratory measurements of HCWs were carried out at the first when they had symptoms and when they recovered, and results were compared accordingly. The thorax computerized tomography (CT) findings of HCWs were normal in 74.1% (n = 20) of total. HCWs were initially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Early measures provided by the Health authorities, access to diagnosis and treatment, and the young age average in HCWs prevented severe outcomes such as severe clinical course and mortality at the beginning of the outbreak

Can artificial intelligence distinguish between malignant and benign mediastinal lymph nodes using sonographic features on EBUS images?

OZCELIK, Neslihan/0000-0002-4672-6179WOS: 000583594300001PubMed: 33054411Aims This study aimed to develop a new intelligent diagnostic approach using an artificial neural network (ANN). Moreover, we investigated whether the learning-method-guided quantitative analysis approach adequately described mediastinal lymphadenopathies on endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) images. Methods in total, 345 lymph nodes (LNs) from 345 EBUS images were used as source input datasets for the application group. the group consisted of 300 and 45 textural patterns as input and output variables, respectively. the input and output datasets were processed using MATLAB. All these datasets were utilized for the training and testing of the ANN. Results the best diagnostic accuracy was 82% of that obtained from the textural patterns of the LNs pattern (89% sensitivity, 72% specificity, and 78.2% area under the curve). the negative predictive values were 81% compared to the corresponding positive predictive values of 83%. Due to the application group's pattern-based evaluation, the LN pattern was statistically significant (p = .002). Conclusions the proposed intelligent approach could be useful in making diagnoses. Further development is required to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the visual interpretation

COVID-19 Pregnant Patient Management with a Case of COVID-19 Patient with An Uncomplicated Delivery

WOS: 000576587500012PubMed: 33031729Pregnancy has always been a concern in epidemics all over the world. While coronavirus (COVID-19) disease ravages the world, it is a big curiosity how pregnant women will be affected by this disease. There are a few published case series and commentary of COVID-19 occurring during pregnancy. in this study, we discussed how to manage this disease in pregnant women. A 38-week pregnant, 37-year-old woman whose father passed away from COVID-19 admitted to the hospital with dyspnea, nonproductive cough, and fever. She had positive radiological features for COVID-19, and her rapid antibody test was positive. Lopinavir-ritonavir combination and azithromycin treatments were given, and the patient's symptoms regressed with treatment. the patient was taken to cesarean by providing isolation conditions, and she had a healthy baby with an uncomplicated delivery. There are no certain data about whether COVID-19 infection is worse in pregnant patients or not. on the basis of the limited data in the literature, we cannot see intrauterine transmission from infected mother to baby. However, we know that there would be serious pulmonary complications for the infected mother. Fortunately, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection did not progress more severely in pregnant women than in the normal population compared with the previous severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak

Prevalence of non-thyroidal illness syndrome in COPD exacerbation and effect of hypoxaemia and hypercapnia on thyroid functions

OZCELIK, Neslihan/0000-0002-4672-6179WOS: 000535373200001PubMed: 32367619Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease showing acute exacerbations during its course. Comorbidities often accompany. Non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) occurs because of the functional impairment in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in severe critical cases. the objective of the current study is to determine the prevalence of NTIS among hospitalised patients due to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and to reveal the factors affecting thyroid functions. Materials and methods A total of 132 patients hospitalised for AECOPD were enroled. Arterial blood gas samples at room air and venous blood samples for thyroid function tests were obtained within 24 hours following hospitalisation. Results the mean age was 69.3 +/- 9.6 years with male predominance (M/F:130/2). the prevalence of NTIS was 55%. Subgroups of NTIS cases were analysed. Low TSH levels were the most common pathology (55%). Patients with NTIS had significantly lower PaO2 and SaO(2) levels compared with those without NTIS (P = 0.045 and P = 0.022, respectively). in addition, a positive correlation was found between PaO2 and free thyroxine (fT4) (P < 0.001, r = 0.313). A statistically significant negative correlation between PaCO2 and fT4 was found (P < 0.001, r = -0.393). and a statistically significant negative correlation between PaCO2 and free triiodothyronine (fT3) values were found (P = 0.040, r = -0.183). Conclusion NTIS is a very common condition during AECOPD. We believe that hypoxemia causing functional impairment in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is the main mechanism in NTIS development and hypercapnia disrupts freeT3 and freeT4 production and secretion

Organic Facies Characteristics of the Triassic Ispartaçay Formation, Antalya Nappes, Western Taurus, Turkey

AbstractIn the Antalya Nappes (SW Turkey), the Triassic Ispartaçay Formation consists of radioaria, chert, turbiditic limestone and sandstone. Detailed data from thick Triassic sediments (Ispartaçay Formation) made it possible to construct an organic facies framework using different zonation. Organic matter is composed predominantly of woody material, with a minor contribution of planty and woody material. Kerogen in the deposits is type III, as indicated by organic petrographic observations and Rock-Eval data. Total organic carbon (TOC) values are generally between 0.16 and 1.36%, but reach 5.24% in the formation. Tmax values vary between 331 and 602°C, confirming the increase in maturation trends indicated by vitrinite reflectance data. Organic facies type D was identified in the investigated units. Organic facies D is related to sandstone and limestone litofacies. This facies is characterized by average values of HI around 18 (equivalent to type III kerogen), TOC around 0.85%, and an average of S2 of 0.19mg HC/g of rock. The organic matter is highly oxidized, decomposed and reworked. Organic facies D is no generative

A rare case of interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation

WOS: 000512915500003The identification of vascular pathologies of the mediastinum is very important for the prevention of complications during the interventional procedure. A rare developmental anomaly of inferior vena cava (IVC): the interrupted IVC continues with azygos vein in thorax. and then, the azygos vein merges with the superior vena cava (SVC) and pours into the right atrium. the incidence is reported to be 0.6%. It is a crucial application to distinguish the enlarged azygos vein from the right paratracheal mass and lymph node radiologically and clinically

Ratio And Regional Distribution Of Genetic Mutation In Lung Cancer In Turkey (REDIGMA)

28th International Congress of the European-Respiratory-Society (ERS) -- SEP 15-19, 2018 -- Paris, FRANCEWOS: 000455567103370…European Respiratory So

CLINIC AND GENETIC PRESENTATION OF CHILDREN WITH CYSTINURIA

WOS: 000443998400335