Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx: A Case Report and Literature Review

WOS: 000396412600024A small cell neuroendocrine neoplasm of the larynx is a very rare and aggressive type of malignancy. Neuroendocrine carcinomas are most frequently seen in the lungs. The larynx is the most frequently involved site in the head and neck. Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx constitutes less than 0.5% of all laryngeal cancers. This paper reports a case of a 41-year-old-male patient who presented with a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx

Localization of orbit in patients with maxillary sinus hypoplasia: a radiological study

4th Congress of European-ORL-HNS-Cornerstones in European ORL-HNS -- OCT 07-11, 2017 -- Barcelona, SPAINHizli, Omer/0000-0001-6822-2679; Yildirim, Guven/0000-0003-3864-3522WOS: 000445362100002PubMed: 29905906Purpose We aimed to investigate the medial and inferior localization of orbit in patients with maxillary sinus hypoplasia using paranasal computerized tomography. Methods We included 76 patients who had a hypoplastic maxillary sinus at least on one side, and 76 patients with normal maxillary sinuses (control group). To assess the localization of orbit, we measured the distances from middle meatal antrostomy point to medial border of orbital medial wall and to the lower border of orbital floor in all patients. We performed statistical comparisons between the groups. Results Of 76 patients, 26 (34.2%) had unilateral and 50 (65.8%) had bilateral maxillary hypoplasia. Of 126 maxillary sinuses, 70 (55.6%) was type 1, 42 (33.3%) was type 2 and 14 (11.1%) was type 3 hypoplastic. The mean distance from antrostomy point to lamina papyracea was 4.36 +/- 2.62 mm in the hypoplasia group, and 1.08 +/- 1.7 mm in the control group. The mean distance from antrostomy point to orbital floor was 1.53 +/- 1.73 mm in the hypoplasia group, and 1.87 +/- 1.96 mm in the control group. Lamina papyracea showed a significant medial localization in the maxillary hypoplasia group as compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion The orbit has a medial localization in patients with maxillary sinus hypoplasia resulting in a higher complication risk during endoscopic sinus surgery

Effects of chronic REMsleep deprivation on lipocalin-2, nitric oxide synthase-3, interleukin-6 and cardiotrophin-1 levels: an experimental rat model

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation on cardiovascular system using blood levels of lipocalin-2, nitric oxide synthase-3, interleukin-6, and cardiotrophin-1. We included sixteen Wistar Albino rats of 300-350g weight in the study. To create a chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation, we used water tanks with platform including modified multiple sleep deprivation platforms, and we used water tanks with grid to grab for control group. We left 8 rats in water tanks with platform (study group) and 8 rats in water tanks with grid to grab (control group) for 21 days. Finally, we drew blood from the hearts of the rats, just before scarifying all the rats. We performed statistical comparisons of lipocalin-2, nitric oxide synthase-3, interleukin-6 and cardiotrophin-1 levels between the study group and the control group. The lipocalin-2, nitric oxide synthase-3, interleukin-6 and cardiotrophin-1 levels were 29.8ng/mL, 116.99ng/mL, 4.32ng/L and 33.26ng/L in the study group, respectively; and 122.74ng/mL, 85.74ng/mL, 3.23ng/L and 23.02ng/L in the control group, respectively. In the study group, mean lipocalin-2 levels were significantly lower (p=0.003) but mean cardiotrophin-1 levels were significantly higher compared with the control group (p=0.001). Mean interleukin-6 and nitric oxide synthase-3 levels did not significantly differ between the groups (p=0.135 and p=0.157). Our study showed that chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation might be associated with cardiovascular diseases owing to higher blood cardiotropin-1 levels in the study group, a novel biomarker that has been shown to indicate endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis and fibrosis in the cardiovascular system

Evaluation Of Autoinflammatory Disease Genes In Nasal Polyposis

Background/aim: To investigate cold-induced autoinflammatory syndrome 1 (CIAS1) gene polymorphisms that cause autoinflammatory diseases in patients with nasal polyposis (NP). Materials and methods: The study included 30 patients diagnosed with NP and 30 healthy age-matched individuals as a control group. CIAS1 polymorphisms were assessed by DNA sequence analysis. Patients with nasal polyps and the control group were compared in terms of gene polymorphisms. Each of the 8 polymorphisms of the CIAS1 gene was analyzed separately in the patient group. Results: The most frequently observed polymorphisms in the patient group were c.732G > A in 83%, c.663C > T in 23%, and c.1308C > A in 23% of the patients. c.732G > A polymorphism was evaluated separately. Guanine was transformed to adenine at the 732nd nucleotide position of the CIAS1 gene in the cDNA of chromosome 1. Conclusion: The CIAS1 gene c.732G > A polymorphism was thought to be responsible for an increase in disease susceptibility. The frequency of the "A" allele is higher in the patient group compared to the control group. Autoinflammatory diseases seem like a candidate to be one of these factors. This is the first report to define the role of autoinflammatory diseases among these factors.WoSScopu

Analysis of Lower Airway Inflammation in a Rabbit Model of Acute Rhinosinusitis

This study aimed to investigate the association of inflammatory changes of upper and lower airways in a rabbit model of acute rhinosinusitis. The study included six adult albino rabbits. The sinuses of one animal were injected with saline solution and the animal was served as sham control. Other animals were implanted with intranasal S. aureus soaked-absorbable gelatin sponge. Acute rhinosinusitis was induced and subjects were sacrificed at the end of the second week. Tissue samples from all levels of the airway were obtained. They were evaluated for the presence of inflammatory changes histologically. A scoring system for airway inflammation was used for quantitative assessment of the degree of inflammation. Structural changes in the epithelial and stromal layers of the upper and lower airway structures were analyzed, as well. The animal of which the sinuses were injected with saline solution developed neither acute rhinosinusitis nor lower airway inflammation. In contrast, the animals in which acute rhinosinusitis was induced demonstrated significant upper and lower airway inflammation histologically. Inflammatory changes ranged from engorgement of blood vessels and polymorphonuclear cell proliferation within the capillaries, in the perivascular tissue of the epithelium or in the lamina propria and to epithelial disruption. Nasal airway inflammation scores (2.86 ± 1.81) were significantly higher than lower airway scores (1.36 ± 0.77), (P < 0.01). We obtained a generalized mucosal inflammatory response against localized bacterial inflammation in a rabbit model of acute rhinosinusitis, confirming the suggestion of ‘one airway––one disease’ from a bacterial infection point of view

Demographics of patients with heart failure who were over 80 years old and were admitted to the cardiology clinics in Turkey

WOS: 000468584300005PubMed ID: 30930455Objective: Heart failure (HF) has a high prevalence and mortality rate in elderly patients; however, there are few studies that have focused on patients older than 80 years. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the age-specific demographics and clinical features of Turkish elderly patients with HF who were admitted to cardiology clinics. Methods: The Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease in Elderly Turkish population (ELDER-TURK) study was conducted in 73 centers in Turkey, and it recruited a total of 5694 patients aged 65 years or older. In this study, the clinical profile of the patients who were aged 80 years or older and those between 65 and 79 years with HF were described and compared based on the ejection fraction (EF)-related classification: HFrEF and HFpEF (is considered as EF: >= 50%). Results: A total of 1098 patients (male, 47.5%; mean age, 83.5 +/- 3.1 years) aged 80 years and 4596 patients (male, 50.2 %; mean age, 71.1 +/- 4.31 years) aged 65-79 years were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of HF was 39.8% for patients who were >= 80 years and 27.1% for patients 65-79 years old. For patients aged >= 80 years with HF, the prevalence rate was 67% for hypertension (HT), 25.6% for diabetes mellitus (DM), 54.3% for coronary artery disease (CAD), and 42.3% for atrial fibrilation. Female proportion was lower in the HFrEF group (p=0.019). The prevalence of HT and DM was higher in the HFpEF group (p= 80 years with HFrEF (p<0.01). Conclusion: HF is common in elderly Turkish population, and its frequency increases significantly with age. Females, diabetics, and hypertensives are more likely to have HFpEF, whereas CAD patients are more likely to have HFrEF.Turkish Society of CardiologyThis study was supported by Turkish Society of Cardiology