Exploration of the Impostor Phenomenon in Law School Students

Law schools compel students to think like lawyers by using intensive Socratic dialogue built around voluminous case readings. This method sometimes pushes students to feel overwhelmed, to lose self-confidence, and even to wonder whether law school was the right choice for them. To some extent, such outcomes are intended because the articulated goal of law school pedagogy is to tear law students down so they can be rebuilt to think like lawyers. Unfortunately, this demanding and competitive atmosphere prompts some law students to develop the impostor phenomenon (IP). The IP hampers students\u27 leadership abilities because the students persistently feel like impostors undeserving of being in law school, despite compelling evidence to the contrary. Though studies of other graduate students (e.g., engineering and nursing) indicate a substantial number of them suffer from the IP, no previous research on law students exists. This study attempted to fill this research gap by administering an IP instrument to a convenience sample of approximately 1,000 law students. After identifying the occurrence of the IP among these students, multiple regression analysis then decomposed variation in the intensity of the IP as a function of personal demographic measures like sex, age, and race, as well as measures of the law school experience like GPA and clinical coursework. This study\u27s finding of the IP in one third of the law students surveyed was similar to findings in other graduate programs. Among powerful predictors of the IP, increased procrastination, a higher year in school, being female, and taking clinical courses correlated with increased impostor feelings, while increased family support and LSAT scores correlated with decreased impostor feelings. The correlations between the IP and clinical courses and sex were particularly noteworthy. This research should benefit those in legal education, particularly law students, by increasing awareness of the IP. The significant occurrence of the IP might also encourage law professors to consider potential costs and presumed benefits of current pedagogical strategies. Likewise, student academic support programs might develop a better sense of the support some students require for success in law school and in leadership of the legal field upon graduation

Space Traffic Safety: A New Self-Governance Approach for the Smallsat Community

A new focus, both domestically and internationally, has been placed on the governance of orbital space traffic. Most often referred to as Space Traffic Management , concern focuses on an increased risk of orbital collisions that can damage operational spacecraft, create interfering orbital debris, and present potential human spaceflight hazards. Small satellites are especially a focus of concern, as potential populations are increasing by orders of magnitude. There are a variety of technical and policy based approaches to address this issue. This paper will provide an evaluation of the risk presented by small satellites and various technical and managerial mitigation steps that can be applied to address the problem . In conclusion, we provide an initial bottoms-up approach using a Self-Regulatory Organization model that the small satellite community can embrace to best address space traffic safety concerns, while enabling commerce and innovation

VLA 1.4GHz observations of the GOODS-North Field: Data Reduction and Analysis

We describe deep, new, wide-field radio continuum observations of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey -- North (GOODS-N) field. The resulting map has a synthesized beamsize of ~1.7" and an r.m.s. noise level of ~3.9uJy/bm near its center and ~8uJy/bm at 15', from phase center. We have cataloged 1,230 discrete radio emitters, within a 40' x 40' region, above a 5-sigma detection threshold of ~20uJy at the field center. New techniques, pioneered by Owen & Morrison (2008), have enabled us to achieve a dynamic range of 6800:1 in a field that has significantly strong confusing sources. We compare the 1.4-GHz (20-cm) source counts with those from other published radio surveys. Our differential counts are nearly Euclidean below 100uJy with a median source diameter of ~1.2". This adds to the evidence presented by Owen & Morrison (2008) that the natural confusion limit may lie near ~1uJy. If the Euclidean slope of the counts continues down to the natural confusion limit as an extrapolation of our log N - log S, this indicates that the cutoff must be fairly sharp below 1uJy else the cosmic microwave background temperature would increase above 2.7K at 1.4 GHz.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJS. 16 pages, 19 figures. Radio data and source list can be found at http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~morrison/GOODSN

Governance of new product development and perceptions of responsible innovation in the financial sector: insights from an ethnographic case study

types: ArticleThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Responsible Innovation on 24 Feb 2014, available online: http://wwww.tandfonline.com/10.1080/23299460.2014.882552We describe an ethnographic study within a global asset management company aimed at understanding the process and governance of new product development and perceptions of responsible innovation. We observed innovation to be incremental, with a clearly - structured stage gating model of governance involving numerous internal and external actors that was framed by regulation and co-ordinated by a small product development team. Responsible innovation was framed largely in terms of considering client needs when innovating and the understanding of operational, legal, regulatory and reputational risks. Staff perceived the company as having an inherently cautious culture, where the probability of bringing something destructive to market was perceived as being low. We conclude that the observed stage gating architecture offers considerable scope as a mechanism for systematic embedding of more broadly framed, emerging concepts of responsible innovation

Public acceptability of road pricing

Final report, Department for Transpor