90 research outputs found

    El altar romano dedicado a Zeus de Velico Târnovo - Bulgaria: Reconsideración

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    This Roman altar, dedicated to Zeus, was found among the ruins of a Roman civil building of the Late Empire, near the Ottoman Firuz Bey Mosque on the Carévéc hill in Velico Târnovo, Bulgaria. It is dated to the second-third century CE. The relief depicted on the altar is a sophisticated combination of a stylized and schematic thunderbolt and ant. Both are forming one entity with a dual significance and associated from the mythological point of view with Zeus.Este altar romano, dedicado a Zeus, fue encontrado entre las ruinas de un edificio civil romano de época Bajo Imperial, cerca de la mezquita otomana Firuz Bey en la colina de Carévéc en Velico Târnovo, Bulgaria. Está datada entre los siglos II y III d.C. El relieve que presenta el altar es una combinación sofisticada de un estilizado y esquemático rayo y una hormiga. Ambos están formando una entidad con un doble significado, asociado desde el punto de vista mitológico con Zeus

    Symbolism in Jewish and Christian Works of Art in Late Antiquity

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    Στο παρόν άρθρο εξετάζεται η χρήση των συμβόλων και η πιθανή ερμηνευτική τους προσέγγιση στην ιουδαϊκή και χριστιανική τέχνη της Ύστερης αρχαιότητας έως περίπου τον 7ο αιώνα. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στην ανάπτυξη της χριστιανικής τέχνης από τον 4ο αιώνα κ.ε., όπου σε γενικό πλαίσιο εγγράφονται οι δυναμικές στη χρήση των εικόνων και των συμβόλων, ενώ γίνεται και αναφορά στην αλληγορική ή σημειολογική ερμηνεία αυτών με βάση την πατερική διδασκαλία και θεολογία.In this article are discussed the use of symbols from the Late Antiquity and up to the 7th century A.D. and their possible interpretations in the contexts of Jewish and Christian art respectively. The general chronological framework of the 4th century onward, in which the development of Christian art is integrated, highlights the dynamics of the representations of scenes and the use of symbols as key factors. At the same time the allegoric or semiotic interpretation of them alludes either to the theology or the writings of the Church Fathers of the period

    Symbolism in Jewish and Christian Works of Art in Late Antiquity

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    Στο παρόν άρθρο εξετάζεται η χρήση των συμβόλων και η πιθανή ερμηνευτική τους προσέγγιση στην ιουδαϊκή και χριστιανική τέχνη της Ύστερης αρχαιότητας έως περίπου τον 7ο αιώνα. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στην ανάπτυξη της χριστιανικής τέχνης από τον 4ο αιώνα κ.ε., όπου σε γενικό πλαίσιο εγγράφονται οι δυναμικές στη χρήση των εικόνων και των συμβόλων, ενώ γίνεται και αναφορά στην αλληγορική ή σημειολογική ερμηνεία αυτών με βάση την πατερική διδασκαλία και θεολογία.In this article are discussed the use of symbols from the Late Antiquity and up to the 7th century A.D. and their possible interpretations in the contexts of Jewish and Christian art respectively. The general chronological framework of the 4th century onward, in which the development of Christian art is integrated, highlights the dynamics of the representations of scenes and the use of symbols as key factors. At the same time the allegoric or semiotic interpretation of them alludes either to the theology or the writings of the Church Fathers of the period

    Antiguas comunidades judías en Macedonia, Tracia y Épiro Superior

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    Literary, epigraphic and archaeological-architectural evidence attest to the existence of Jewish communities in Macedonia, Thrace and Upper Epirus (nowadays Albania) during the Roman and early Byzantine periods. The Acts of the Apostles mention Jewish communities and their synagogues in Philippi, Thessaloniki and Verroia in Macedonia. The discovery of Greek inscriptions at Bizye (in Thrace), in Thessaloniki, in Dion and in the ancient synagogue at Stobi, suggests that these communities had preserved their religious independence and enjoyed a secure social, economic and cultural status. An ancient Jewish tomb found in Thessaloniki, decorated with a menorah, and the synagogue of Claudius Tiberius Polycharmos at Stobi and that in Saranda (Upper Epirus), add archaeological-architectural evidence to the literary sources. Although the literary sources, the epigraphic evidence and the archaeological- architectural finds are relatively scant, it would seem that other Jewish communities too existed in these regions and in other parts of the Balkan peninsula.Evidencias de carácter literario, epigráfico y arqueológico-arquitectónicas, atestiguan la existencia de comunidades judías en Macedonia, Tracia y Épiro Superior (hoy Albania) durante los períodos romano y bizantino temprano. Los Hechos de los Apostoles mencionan la presencia de comunidades judías, y sus sinagogas, en Filipos, Tesalónica y Verroia, en Macedonia. El descubrimiento de inscripciones griegas en Bizya (Tracia), en Tesalónica y Dión, y en la antigua sinagoga de Stobia, sugieren que dichas comunidades preservaron su independencia religiosa y gozaron de un seguro estatus social, económico y cultural. Una antigua tumba judía encontrada en Tesalónica, decorada con una menorah, la sinagoga de Claudius Tiberius Polycharmos en Stobia y la de Saranda (Épiro Superior), añaden pruebas arqueológico- arquitectónicas a las fuentes literarias. A pesar de que las fuentes literarias, los datos epigráficos y los hallazgos arqueológicos son relativamente escasos, parece que en estas regiones, y en otras de la Península Balcánica, existieron también otras comunidades judías

    Conservative Approaches in the Ancient Synagogue Mosaic Pavements in Israel: The Cases of 'Ein Gedi and Sepphoris/Zippori

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    El carácter único de la sinagoga de ‘Ein Gedi (siglo V d.C.) se refleja en varias inscripciones en mosaicos, que dan una clara idea de las visiones específicas de la comunidad judía allí establecida, especialmente la de sus líderes espirituales. Una aproximación conservadora similar es la representación no figurativa (anicónica) de Helios/Sol en el mosaico zodiacal en Sepphoris/Zippori (s. V d.C.). Esta representación de Helios/Sol, como un disco solar con rayos, enfatiza la percepción intolerante y antiliberal de los sabios judíos en Sepphoris/ Zippori, quienes seguían el segundo mandamiento bíblico y contrastan con otras sinagogas del periodo bizantino temprano en Israel.The uniqueness of the 'Ein Gedi synagogue (fifth century CE) is reflected in several mosaic inscriptions, which give a clear idea of the particular religious view of the Jewish community there, especially that of its spiritual leaders. The textual representation of the twelve signs of the zodiac wheel, instead of the figurative one, was tendentious and stood in total opposition to the visual depiction. A similar conservative approach appears in the nonfigural (aniconic) representation of Helios/Sol in the zodiac wheel of the synagogue mosaic at Sepphoris/Zippori (fifth century CE). This representation of Helios/Sol, as a rayed sundisc, emphasizes the intolerant and non-liberal perception of the Jewish sages in Sepphoris/ Zippori, following the Biblical Second Commandment and in contrast to other synagogues of the early Byzantine period in Israel

    The Zeus from Gaza re-examined

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    The re-examination of the monumental statue of Zeus from Gaza, nowadays exhibited in the Istanbul Archaeological Museums, comprises an iconographical, as well as a stylistic comparative analysis. Comparisons with monumental sculpture (Jupiter Verospi, Jupiter Otricoli, Capitoline Jupiter from Carthage, and the Zeus in the Metropolitan Museum of Art), statuettes, and other artistic media (vase painting, gems, coins) indicate that this work of art shows an eclectic character of various artistic trends and concepts, based on Classical-Hellenistic features. It is plausible to conclude that the Zeus from Gaza is a Roman work of art, created by an anonymous artist and may be dated to the second century AD.Se realiza un nuevo examen, a través de análisis iconográfico y estilístico, de la estatua monumental del Zeus hallado en Gaza, hoy en el Museo Arqueológico de Estambul. Sus paralelos en escultura monumental, estatuillas y otros objetos artísticos —pintura vascular, gemas y monedas—, indican que esta obra de arte tiene un carácter ecléctico con tendencias varias y distintos conceptos artísticos de tipo clásico-helenístico. Es plausible concluir que tenemos en el Zeus de Gaza una obra romana anónima fechable en el siglo II d.C

    Art of Ancient Synagogues in Israel

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    Alegorical Images in Greek Laudatory Inscriptions in Eretz-Israel

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