Darğînî (al-)

Abû ’l‘Abbâs Aḥmad b. Sa‘îd b. Sulaymân b. ‘Alî b. Yaẖlaf al-Darǧînî d’une famille pieuse ibâḍite-berbère originaire du Ǧabal Nafûsa (Tripolitaine) ; dans ses ancêtres on compte plus d’un šayẖ ou ‘azzâbî fort vénéré. Son père, Sa‘îd b. Sulaymân quitta Karûma et s’établit très jeune à Darǧîn, dans le Bilâd al-Ǧarîd (Djerid) où il suivit les leçons du šayẖ Maymûn b. Aḥmad al-Mazâtî ; c’est à cette localité qu’il doit sa nisba. Traditionniste éminent et poète à ses heures, il communiqua à son fi..

Cid Kaoui Saïd

Berbérisant algérien, auteur de dictionnaires, Saïd ben Mohammed-Akli Cid Kaoui est né le 12 mars 1859 à Ahammam, village de la puissante tribu des Oulad Abd el Djebar et situé dans la wilaya de Bejaïa près de Oued Amizour. Si sa mère, Chérifa bent Saïd ben Ahmed est née dans ce même secteur, au village de Taourirt, son père, Mohammed Akli (Muḥend Akli), lui, était originaire des Beni Sedka (At Sedqa), tribu de la Kabylie du Djurdjura, et vint s’établir dans cette zone de l’Oued Sahel après l..

Pour une histoire de la langue berbère dans sa diversité et sa complexité

International audienc

Émile Masqueray et les études linguistiques berbères

Emile Masqueray (1843-1894), universitaire français, a une carrière algéroise de l'année 1875 jusqu'à sa mort, soit pendant près de vingt ans. Son oeuvre embrasse plusieurs domaines : archéologie, histoire, géographie, ethnographie-sociologie, linguistique. C'est précisément la linguistique berbère qui est retenue dans cette thèse. A partir d'une correspondance inédite, officielle ou privée, et de la mise à disposition de sources imprimées, reconstituées les différentes missions scientifiques de Masqueray, ainsi que des éléments relatifs à la vie universitaire intense à Alger. Nous avons pu ainsi restituer le contexte de production et apprécier cette oeuvre proprement linguistique de ce savant. Le lien avec l'histoire et l'anthropologie est assuré par une présentation de trois ensembles : (I) Kabyle et mozabite, (ii) berbère-chaouï et (iii) touareg-taïtoq. L'état de la science est bien documenté, de même que pour l'idéologie linguistique.Emile Masqueray (1843-1894), university french, has an of Algiers career of the year 1875 until his death, that is to say during nearly twenty years. Its oeuvre embraces several field : archaeology, history, geography, ethnographie-sociology, linguistics. It is precisely the Berber linguistics which is retaine in this thesis. From a new, official or private correspondence, and provision of printed sources, reconstitued various scientific expeditions of Masqueray, as well as elements relating to the intense university life in Algiers. We also could restore the context of production and appreciate this oeuvre properly linguistic of this scientist. The bond with the history and anthropology is ensured by a presentation of three sets : (i) kabyle and mozabite, (ii) Berber-chaouï and (iii) Tuareg-taïtoq. The state of science is well documented, just as for the linguistic ideology.PARIS3-BU (751052102) / SudocST DENIS-BU PARIS8 (930662101) / SudocPARIS-Fondation MSH (751062301) / SudocSudocFranceF

Thermotropic properties of phosphatidylcholine nanodiscs bounded by styrene-maleic acid copolymers

Styrene-maleic acid copolymers (SMA) have been gaining interest in the field of membrane research due to their ability to solubilize membranes into nanodics. The SMA molecules act as an amphipathic belt that surrounds the nanodiscs, whereby the hydrophobic styrene moieties can insert in between the lipid acyl chains. Here we used SMA variants with different styrene-to-maleic acid ratio (i.e. 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1) to investigate how lipid packing in the nanodiscs is affected by the presence of the polymers and how it depends on polymer composition. This was done by analyzing the thermotropic properties of a series of saturated phosphatidylcholines in nanodiscs using laurdan fluorescence and differential scanning calorimetry. In all cases it was found that the temperature of the main phase transition (Tm) of the lipids in the nanodiscs is downshifted and that its cooperativity is strongly reduced as compared to the situation in vesicles. These effects were least pronounced for lipids in nanodiscs bounded by SMA 2:1. Unexpected trends were observed for the calorimetric enthalpy of the transition, suggesting that the polymer itself contributes, possibly by rearranging around the nanodiscs when the lipids adopt the fluid phase. Finally, distinct differences in morphology were observed for nanodiscs at relatively high polymer concentrations, depending on the SMA variant used. Overall, the results suggest that the extent of preservation of native thermodynamic properties of the lipids as well as the stability of the nanodiscs at high polymer concentrations is better for SMA 2:1 than for the other SMA variants

Thermotropic properties of phosphatidylcholine nanodiscs bounded by styrene-maleic acid copolymers

Styrene-maleic acid copolymers (SMA) have been gaining interest in the field of membrane research due to their ability to solubilize membranes into nanodics. The SMA molecules act as an amphipathic belt that surrounds the nanodiscs, whereby the hydrophobic styrene moieties can insert in between the lipid acyl chains. Here we used SMA variants with different styrene-to-maleic acid ratio (i.e. 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1) to investigate how lipid packing in the nanodiscs is affected by the presence of the polymers and how it depends on polymer composition. This was done by analyzing the thermotropic properties of a series of saturated phosphatidylcholines in nanodiscs using laurdan fluorescence and differential scanning calorimetry. In all cases it was found that the temperature of the main phase transition (Tm) of the lipids in the nanodiscs is downshifted and that its cooperativity is strongly reduced as compared to the situation in vesicles. These effects were least pronounced for lipids in nanodiscs bounded by SMA 2:1. Unexpected trends were observed for the calorimetric enthalpy of the transition, suggesting that the polymer itself contributes, possibly by rearranging around the nanodiscs when the lipids adopt the fluid phase. Finally, distinct differences in morphology were observed for nanodiscs at relatively high polymer concentrations, depending on the SMA variant used. Overall, the results suggest that the extent of preservation of native thermodynamic properties of the lipids as well as the stability of the nanodiscs at high polymer concentrations is better for SMA 2:1 than for the other SMA variants