[1,2-Bis(diphenyl­phosphino)ethane]­chlorido(η5-penta­methyl­cyclo­penta­dien­yl)iron(II) dichloro­methane solvate

In the title compound, [Fe(C10H15)Cl(C26H24P2)]·CH2Cl2, the FeII atom is coordinated by two P atoms from a 1,2-bis­(diphenyl­phosphino)ethane ligand [Fe—P = 2.2130 (7) and 2.2231 (7) Å], a chloride anion [Fe—Cl = 2.3329 (7) Å] and a penta­methyl­cyclo­penta­dienyl (Cp*) ligand [Fe—centroid(Cp*) = 1.732 (3) Å] in a typical piano-stool geometry. In the crystal structure, the complex and solvent mol­ecules are paired via weak C—H⋯Cl inter­actions

Prevalence of intimate partner violence against women in Republic of Benin

The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) of reproductive age in Benin and to assess the factors related to the experience of IPVAW and attitude towards wife beating among women. The study also assessed whether a family history of violence is a risk factor for experiencing IPVAW. The study used the Benin Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18 data for analyses. A national representative sample of 4488 ever married women was selected to respond to a domestic violence and abuse questionnaire. Cross-tabulation and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. The prevalence of IPVAW experience in Benin was as follows: emotional violence, 35.4%; physical violence, 18.4%; and sexual violence, 8.2%. Older age, rural residence, the practice of Vodoun religion, living in a household headed by a male member, family history of domestic violence, and attitudes towards wife beating were significantly associated with the prevalence of IPVAW. Thirty-two percent of women supported wife beating. Women residing in urban areas, having higher educational qualification, higher socioeconomic status, and no family history of domestic violence were less likely to support wife beating. Policymakers should place emphasis on evidence-based prevention programs, gender equality, women empowerment, and policy priority for curbing IPVAW

α5β1-Integrin promotes tension-dependent mammary epithelial cell invasion by engaging the fibronectin synergy site.

Tumors are fibrotic and characterized by abundant, remodeled, and cross-linked collagen that stiffens the extracellular matrix stroma. The stiffened collagenous stroma fosters malignant transformation of the tissue by increasing tumor cell tension to promote focal adhesion formation and potentiate growth factor receptor signaling through kinase. Importantly, collagen cross-linking requires fibronectin (FN). Fibrotic tumors contain abundant FN, and tumor cells frequently up-regulate the FN receptor α5β1 integrin. Using transgenic and xenograft models and tunable two- and three-dimensional substrates, we show that FN-bound α5β1 integrin promotes tension-dependent malignant transformation through engagement of the synergy site that enhances integrin adhesion force. We determined that ligation of the synergy site of FN permits tumor cells to engage a zyxin-stabilized, vinculin-linked scaffold that facilitates nucleation of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate at the plasma membrane to enhance phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent tumor cell invasion. The data explain why rigid collagen fibrils potentiate PI3K activation to promote malignancy and offer a perspective regarding the consistent up-regulation of α5β1 integrin and FN in many tumors and their correlation with cancer aggression

Bonding and electronic properties of linear diethynyl oligothienoacene-bridged diruthenium complexes and their oxidized forms

A series of five diruthenium diethynyl complexes based on α,β-fused oligothienoacenes in the core of the bridging ligands [{Ru­(dppe)­Cp*}₂(μ-CC–L–CC)] [dppe = 1,2-bis­(diphenylphosphino)­ethane, Cp* = η⁵-C₅Me₅; L = thieno­[3,2-<i>b</i>]­thiophene (<b>4</b>), thieno­[2,3-<i>b</i>]­thiophene (<b>5</b>), 3,4-dimethylthieno­[2,3-<i>b</i>]­thiophene (<b>6</b>), dithieno­[3,2-<i>b</i>:2′,3′-<i>d</i>]­thiophene (<b>7</b>), and thieno­[3,2-<i>b</i>]­thieno­[2′,3′:4,5]­thieno­[2,3-<i>d</i>]­thiophene (<b>8</b>)] have been synthesized and fully characterized electrochemically and spectroscopically. Elongation of the redox noninnocent oligothienoacene bridge core causes a smaller potential difference between the initial two anodic steps, not seen for free dialkyl oligothienoacenes, and increased positive charge delocalization over the conjugated bridge backbone. The highest occupied molecular orbital of the parent complexes resides predominantly on the oligothienoacene core, with strong participation of the ethynyl linkers and slightly smaller contribution from the metallic termini. This bonding character makes the initial one-electron oxidation symmetrical, as revealed by combined voltammetric and spectroscopic (IR, UV–vis–near-IR, and electron paramagnetic resonance) methods as well as density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations of truncated and selected nontruncated models of the studied series. The remarkable gradual appearance of two CC stretching absorptions in the IR spectra of the monocationic diethynyl complexes is ascribed to increasing vibronic coupling of the IR-forbidden ν_s(CC) mode of the oxidized −[CC–core–CC]⁺– bridge with a low-lying π–π*­(intrabridge)/metal-to-ligand charge-transfer electronic transition in the near-to-mid-IR spectral region

Mononuclear piano-stool iron 2-ethynylbenzo[b]thiophene complex: crystal structure and reversible oxidation studied by spectro-electrochemical and DFT methods

A mononuclear iron complex with 2-ethynylbenzo[b]thiophene C-coordinated to the (η5 -Cp*)(η2 -dppe)Fe ( Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, dppe = 1,2-diphenylphosphinoethane) framework (1) was successfully prepared and characterized by 1H NMR, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The redox behavior of complex 1 was investigated by voltammetric methods and anodic spectroelectrochemistry in the UV-vis-NIR-IR region and compared with reference complexes including 2-ferrocenylbenzo[b]thiophene (2) and the 2-ethynylpyridine derivative of 1. The spin density distribution along the linear molecular backbone in stable 1 + was analyzed by DFT (BLYP35) and TDDFT calculations of a truncated model complex. The combined experimental and theoretical results have revealed an important role of the ethynylene linker in determining the redox properties of this family of complexes and a sizable participation the 2-ethynylbenzo[b]thiophene framework in the largely iron-based anodic electron transfe

Non-integer Floquet Sidebands Spectroscopy

In the quantum system under periodical modulation, the particle can be excited by absorbing the laser photon with the assistance of integer Floquet photons, so that the Floquet sidebands appear. Here, we experimentally observe non-integer Floquet sidebands (NIFBs) emerging between the integer ones while increasing the strength of the probe laser in the optical lattice clock system. Then, we propose the Floquet channel interference hypothesis (FCIH) which surprisingly matches quantitatively well with both experimental and numerical results. With its help, we found both Rabi and Ramsey spectra are very sensitive to the initial phase and exhibit additional two symmetries. More importantly, the height of Ramsey NIFBs is comparable to the integer one at larger $g/\omega_s$ which indicates an exotic phenomenon beyond the perturbative description. Our work provides new insight into the spectroscopy of the Floquet system and has potential application in quantum technology.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, comments are welcome, and more information at http://cqutp.org/users/xfzhang

Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament dynamic profiles predict cognitive progression in individuals with de novo Parkinson’s disease

BackgroundNeurofilament light chain protein (NfL) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflects the severity of neurodegeneration, with its altered concentrations discovered in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PD-D).ObjectiveTo determine whether CSF NfL, a promising biomarker of neuronal/axonal damage, can be used to monitor cognitive progression in de novo Parkinson’s disease and predict future cognitive decline.MethodsA total of 259 people were recruited in this study, including 85 healthy controls (HC) and 174 neonatal PD patients from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). Multiple linear regression and linear mixed effects models were used to examine the associations of baseline/longitudinal CSF NfL with cognitive decline and other CSF biomarkers. Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank test were used to compare the cumulative probability risk of cognition progression during the follow-up. Multivariate cox regression was used to detect cognitive progression in de novo PD.ResultsWe found PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) was higher than with normal cognition (PD-NC) in terms of CSF NfL baseline levels (p = 0.003) and longitudinal increase rate (p = 0.034). Both baseline CSF NfL and its rate of change predicted measurable cognitive decline in de novo PD (MoCA, β = −0.010, p = 0.011; β = −0.0002, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). The predictive effects in de novo PD patients aged &gt;65, male, ill-educated (&lt;13 years) and without carrying Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) seemed to be more obvious and reflected in more domains investigated. We also observed that CSF NfL levels predicted progression in de novo PD patients with different cognitive diagnosis and amyloid status. After an average follow-up of 6.66 ± 2.54 years, higher concentration above the median of baseline CSF NfL was associated with a future high risk of PD with dementia (adjusted HR 2.82, 95% CI: 1.11–7.20, p = 0.030).ConclusionOur results indicated that CSF NfL is a promising prognostic predictor of PD, and its concentration and dynamics can monitor the severity and progression of cognitive decline in de novo PD patients