71,784 research outputs found
3rd grade English language learners making sense of sound
Despite the extensive body of research that supports scientific inquiry and
argumentation as cornerstones of physics learning, these strategies continue to
be virtually absent in most classrooms, especially those that involve students
who are learning English as a second language. This study presents results from
an investigation of 3rd grade students' discourse about how length and tension
affect the sound produced by a string. These students came from a variety of
language backgrounds, and all were learning English as a second language. Our
results demonstrate varying levels, and uses, of experiential, imaginative, and
mechanistic reasoning strategies. Using specific examples from students'
discourse, we will demonstrate some of the productive aspects of working within
multiple language frameworks for making sense of physics. Conjectures will be
made about how to utilize physics as a context for English Language Learners to
further conceptual understanding, while developing their competence in the
English language.Comment: 4 pages, PERC 201
Physics as a Mechanism for Including ELLs in Classroom Discourse
English Language Learners (ELLs) are frequently left on the periphery of
classroom interactions. Due to misalignment of language skills, teachers and
peers communicate with these students less often, decreasing the number of
opportunities to engage. Exclusion can be avoided with learning activities that
invite all students to participate and contribute ideas. We argue that
environments and activities that privilege scientific inductive reasoning
increase possibilities for emerging bilingual students to engage. This study
investigated first-grade students' discussions about factors that affect how
objects float. Students came from a variety of language backgrounds; all were
considered beginner/intermediate ELLs. Results show that the goal of inducing
principles from actual phenomena encouraged students to communicate their ideas
and reasoning, boosting students' confidence in expressing themselves.
Following the hybrid space argument of Vygotsky's theory of concept formation,
we illustrate that physics can be particularly suitable context for the
co-development of concepts and English language skills.Comment: 4 Pages; Physics Education Research Conference Proceedings - 2013,
Portland O
Changing Roles and Identities in a Teacher Driven Professional Development Community
In a climate where teachers feel deprofessionalized at the hands of
regulations, testing, and politics, it is vital that teachers become empowered
both in their own teaching and as agents of change. This physics education
research study investigates the Streamline to Mastery professional development
program, in which the teachers design professional development opportunities
for themselves and for fellow teachers. The research reported here describes
the process of teacher professional growth through changes in roles and
identities. Videos, emails, and interviews were analyzed to glean insight into
practice and participation shifts as these physical science teachers formed a
community and engaged in their own classroom research. Implications for the
role of PER in teacher professional development and teacher preparation will be
discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Physics Education Research Conference 2011
Proceedings, Finalist in the PERC 2011 proceedings paper awar
Using attribute construction to improve the predictability of a GP financial forecasting algorithm
Financial forecasting is an important area in computational finance. EDDIE 8 is an established Genetic Programming financial forecasting algorithm, which has successfully been applied to a number of international datasets. The purpose of this paper is to further increase the algorithm’s predictive performance, by improving its data space representation. In order to achieve this, we use attribute construction to create new (high-level) attributes from the original (low-level) attributes. To examine the effectiveness of the above method, we test the extended EDDIE’s predictive performance across 25 datasets and compare it to the performance of two previous EDDIE algorithms. Results show that the introduction of attribute construction benefits the algorithm, allowing EDDIE to explore the use of new attributes to improve its predictive accuracy
Morphological analysis of CDC2 and glycogen synthase kinase 3β phosphorylation as markers of g2 → m transition in glioma.
G2 → M transition is a strategic target for glioma chemotherapy. Key players in G2 → M transition include CDC2 and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), which are highly regulated by posttranslational phosphorylation. This report is a morphological analysis of CDC2 and GSK3β phosphorylation using immunohistochemistry in gliomas with different biological properties. GBM showed a 2.8-fold and 5.6-fold increase in number of cells positive for pThr161CDC2 and a 4.2- and 6.9-fold increase in number of cells positive for pTyr15CDC2 relative to oligodendroglioma and ependymoma, respectively. Elevated labeling for inhibited phospho-CDC2 (pTyr15CDC) correlates with elevated levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). 71% of the GBM cases showed intermediate to high intensity staining for pSer9SGK3β 53% of oligodendroglioma, and 73% of ependymoma showed low intensity staining. CDC2 gene amplification correlates with increased survival in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and astrocytoma WHO grades II-III, but not in oligodendroglioma WHO grades II-III
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On the dynamics of lending and deposit interest rates in emerging markets: A non-linear approach
This paper studies the dynamics of lending and deposit rates in two emerging markets in Latin America: Colombia and Mexico. The dynamics of lending (deposit) interest rates are driven by the exogenous interbank interest rate and deviations from the long-run lending-interbank (deposit-interbank) interest rate relationship. Allowing for different interest rate behavior during periods characterized by large and small values of the spread, the non-linear specification proves superior to the linear one
Improving the Interpretability of Classification Rules Discovered by an Ant Colony Algorithm: Extended Results
The vast majority of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithms for inducing classification rules use an ACO-based procedure to create a rule in an one-at-a-time fashion. An improved search strategy has been proposed in the cAnt-MinerPB algorithm, where an ACO-based procedure is used to create a complete list of rules (ordered rules)-i.e., the ACO search is guided by the quality of a list of rules, instead of an individual rule. In this paper we propose an extension of the cAnt-MinerPB algorithm to discover a set of rules (unordered rules). The main motivations for this work are to improve the interpretation of individual rules by discovering a set of rules and to evaluate the impact on the predictive accuracy of the algorithm. We also propose a new measure to evaluate the interpretability of the discovered rules to mitigate the fact that the commonly-used model size measure ignores how the rules are used to make a class prediction. Comparisons with state-of-the-art rule induction algorithms, support vector machines and the cAnt-MinerPB producing ordered rules are also presented
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