Core Components for Infection Prevention and Control Programs: A World Health Organization Network Report

Under the leadership of the World Health Organization (WHO), the core components necessary for national and local infection prevention and control programs are identified. These components were determined by a network of international experts who are representatives from WHO regional offices and relevant WHO programs. The respective roles of the national authorities and the local healthcare facilities are delineate

Whole-genome sequencing to determine origin of multinational outbreak of Sarocladium kiliense bloodstream infections

We used whole-genome sequence typing (WGST) to investigate an outbreak of Sarocladium kiliense bloodstream infections (BSI) associated with receipt of contaminated antinausea medication among oncology patients in Colombia and Chile during 2013-2014. Twenty-five outbreak isolates (18 from patients and 7 from medication vials) and 11 control isolates unrelated to this outbreak were subjected to WGST to elucidate a source of infection. All outbreak isolates were nearly indistinguishable (≤5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms), and >21,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified from unrelated control isolates, suggesting a point source for this outbreak. S. kiliense has been previously implicated in healthcare-related infections; however, the lack of available typing methods has precluded the ability to substantiate point sources. WGST for outbreak investigation caused by eukaryotic pathogens without reference genomes or existing genotyping methods enables accurate source identification to guide implementation of appropriate control and prevention measures. © 2016, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All rights reserved

Whole-Genome Sequencing to Determine Origin of Multinational Outbreak of Sarocladium kiliense Bloodstream Infections

We used whole-genome sequence typing (WGST) to investigate an outbreak of Sarocladium kiliense bloodstream infections (BSI) associated with receipt of contaminated antinausea medication among oncology patients in Colombia and Chile during 2013–2014. Twenty-five outbreak isolates (18 from patients and 7 from medication vials) and 11 control isolates unrelated to this outbreak were subjected to WGST to elucidate a source of infection. All outbreak isolates were nearly indistinguishable (21,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified from unrelated control isolates, suggesting a point source for this outbreak. S. kiliense has been previously implicated in healthcare-related infections; however, the lack of available typing methods has precluded the ability to substantiate point sources. WGST for outbreak investigation caused by eukaryotic pathogens without reference genomes or existing genotyping methods enables accurate source identification to guide implementation of appropriate control and prevention measures

Whole-genome sequencing to determine origin of multinational outbreak of Sarocladium kiliense bloodstream infections

We used whole-genome sequence typing (WGST) to investigate an outbreak of Sarocladium kiliense bloodstream infections (BSI) associated with receipt of contaminated antinausea medication among oncology patients in Colombia and Chile during 2013-2014. Twenty-five outbreak isolates (18 from patients and 7 from medication vials) and 11 control isolates unrelated to this outbreak were subjected to WGST to elucidate a source of infection. All outbreak isolates were nearly indistinguishable (≤5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms), and >21,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified from unrelated control isolates, suggesting a point source for this outbreak. S. kiliense has been previously implicated in healthcare-related infections; however, the lack of available typing methods has precluded the ability to substantiate point sources. WGST for outbreak investigation caused by eukaryotic pathogens without reference genomes or existing genotyping methods enables accurate source identification to guide implementation of appropriate control and prevention measures. © 2016, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All rights reserved

História da educação no Brasil: a constituição histórica do campo (1880-1970)

O artigo aborda a constituição do campo da história da educação no Brasil de dois prismas. No primeiro, elabora um histórico da disciplina a partir de três pertencimentos: à tradição historiográfica do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Brasil (IHGB); às escolas de formação para o magistério e à produção acadêmica entre os anos 1940 e 1970. No segundo, enfoca os trabalhos realizados nos últimos 20 anos, apontando temas e períodos de interesse e abordagens teóricas mais recorrentes.<br>This article tackles on the structuring of the field of history of education in Brazil through two angles. The first one elaborates on the history of the discipline from three views: the historiographic tradition of the Historical and Geographical Institute of Brazil ( IHGB); the development of teacher's colleges and the academic production from 1940 to 1970. The second one, focus on works done during the last 20 years, pointing out to topics, periods of interest and the most recurrent theoretical approaches