Iron and Calcium Biomineralizations in the Pampean Coastal Plains, Argentina: Their Role in the Environmental Reconstruction of the Holocene

Biomineralizations are biogenic composites, crystalline or amorphous,produced by the metabolic activity of organisms distributed all over the world. Theaim of this work was to evaluate the presence of iron and calcium biomineralizationsand their influence in the physicochemical and mineralochemical variations inpaleo and actual pedosedimentary sequences of the coastal plains in Mar Chiquita.The complex interaction of calcium with iron biomineralizations, as framboidal andpoliframboidal pyrites associated with gypsum, barite, calcite, halite, and iron oxyhydroxides,have demonstrated the active and complex biogeochemistry that occursin the temperate?wet paleoesturaries and estuaries of the coastal Pampean Plains.Particularly the consequences that different human activities could have.Fil: Osterrieth, Margarita Luisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Frayssinet, Celia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario; ArgentinaFil: Frayssinet, Lucrecia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

La carabidofauna edáfica asociada a los suelos bajos anegadizos próximos a la desembocadura del Arroyo de los Padres, Partido de General Pueyrredón, Buenos Aires. Resultados preliminares

Fil: Scampini, Elvira M.. Centro de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Cicchino, Armando Conrado. División Entomología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Osterrieth, Margarita. Centro de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentin

Distribución de las especies de Carabidae (Coleoptera) en Argiudoles del extremo sur de la Laguna de los Padres, Provincia de Buenos Aires

Fil: Scampini, Elvira M.. Centro de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Cicchino, Armando Conrado. División Entomología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Osterrieth, Margarita. Centro de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentin

How Reproducible are Surface Areas Calculated from the BET Equation?

This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (NanoMOFdeli), ERC-2016-COG 726380, Innovate UK (104384) and EPSRC IAA (IAA/RG85685). N.R. acknowledges the support of the Cambridge International Scholarship and the TrinityHenry Barlow Scholarship (Honorary). O.K.F. and R.Q.S. acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-08ER15967). R.S.F. and D.B. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (SCoTMOF), ERC-2015-StG 677289. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC., a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA-0003525. The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office, through the Hydrogen Storage Materials Advanced Research Consortium (HyMARC). This paper describes objective technical results and analysis. Any subjective views or opinions that might be expressed in the paper do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the United States Government. J.D.E. acknowledges the support of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and the Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing (ZIH) at TU Dresden. S.K.G. and S.M. acknowledge SERB (Project No. CRG/2019/000906), India for financial support. K.K. and R.K. acknowledge Active Co. Research Grant for funding. S.K. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (COSMOS), ERC-2017-StG 756489. N.L. and J.G.M acknowledge funding from the European Commission through the H2020-MSCA-RISE-2019 program (ZEOBIOCHEM -872102) and the Spanish MICINN and AEI/FEDER (RTI2018-099504-B-C21). N.L. thanks the University of Alicante for funding (UATALENTO17-05). ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from the Spanish MINECO (Grant No. SEV-2017-0706) S.M.J.R. and A.L. wish to thank the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), under grant nos. 12T3519N and 11D2220N. L.S. was supported by the EPSRC Cambridge NanoDTC EP/L015978/1. C.T.Y. and T.S.N. acknowledges funds from the National Research Foundation of Korea, NRF-2017M3A7B4042140 and NRF-2017M3A7B4042235. P.F. and H. Y. acknowledge US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division under Award No. DE-SC0010596 (P.F.). R.O. would like to acknowledge funding support during his Ph.D. study from Indonesian Endowment Fund for Education-LPDP with the contract No. 202002220216006. Daniel Siderius: Official contribution of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), not subject to copyright in the United States of America. Daniel Siderius: Certain commercially available items may be identified in this paper. This identification does not imply recommendation by NIST, nor does it imply that it is the best available for the purposes described. B.V.L, S.T.E and A.M.P acknowledge funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Grant agreement no. 639233, COFLeaf).Porosity and surface area analysis play a prominent role in modern materials science. At the heart of this sits the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory, which has been a remarkably successful contribution to the field of materials science. The BET method was developed in the 1930s for open surfaces but is now the most widely used metric for the estimation of surface areas of microand mesoporous materials. Despite its widespread use, the calculation of BET surface areas causes a spread in reported areas, resulting in reproducibility problems in both academia and industry. To prove this, for this analysis, 18 already-measured raw adsorption isotherms were provided to sixty-one labs, who were asked to calculate the corresponding BET areas. This roundrobin exercise resulted in a wide range of values. Here, the reproducibility of BET area determination from identical isotherms is demonstrated to be a largely ignored issue, raising critical concerns over the reliability of reported BET areas. To solve this major issue, a new computational approach to accurately and systematically determine the BET area of nanoporous materials is developed. The software, called “BET surface identification” (BETSI), expands on the well-known Rouquerol criteria and makes an unambiguous BET area assignment possible.European Research Council (ERC) ERC-2016-COG 726380 ERC-2015-StG 677289 ERC-2017-StG 756489 639233UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Innovate UK 104384 UK Research & Innovation (UKRI)Engineering & Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) IAA/RG85685Cambridge International Scholarship TrinityHenry Barlow ScholarshipUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-FG02-08ER15967National Nuclear Security Administration DE-NA-0003525United States Department of Energy (DOE)Alexander von Humboldt FoundationCenter for Information Services and High Performance Computing (ZIH) at TU DresdenDepartment of Science & Technology (India)Science Engineering Research Board (SERB), India CRG/2019/000906Active Co. Research GrantEuropean Commission through the H2020-MSCA-RISE-2019 program ZEOBIOCHEM -872102Spanish MICINN and AEI/FEDER RTI2018-099504-B-C21University of Alicante UATALENTO17-05Spanish Government SEV-2017-0706 FWO 12T3519N 11D2220NUK Research & Innovation (UKRI)Engineering & Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/L015978/1National Research Foundation of Korea NRF-2017M3A7B4042140 NRF-2017M3A7B4042235United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-SC0010596Indonesian Endowment Fund for Education-LPDP 20200222021600

Variáveis edáficas que condicionam o habitat de ácaros oribatídeos em Phaeozems Lúvicos sob plantações florestais (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

The soil is a complex three-dimensional habitat and any changes in its structure and porosity are likely to affect the type and abundance of soil biota. Oribatid mites play an important role in the decomposition and mineralization of soil organic matter and their abundance depends on diverse soil parameters, including soil texture, organic matter content, pH, moisture, and the pore system. The aim of the present work is to analyze some of the edaphic variables that condition the habitat of oribatid mites in Luvic Phaeozems under Pinus radiata (site P) and Eucalyptus globulus (site E) plantations, in the Southeast of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, moisture, pore system parameters, and oribatid abundance and species composition were analyzed. Site E had a greater total porosity than site P. The high tortuosity of the pores in both sites generates a complex habitat architecture for the development of oribatid mites. In both sites, oribatids of 70-400 μm in size predominated and were more abundant in site E. A positive correlation between the abundance of oribatids and the pore size in both sites was observed. In site E this correlation was lower for 70-600 µm (R = 0.13) or negative for 70-400 µm (R = -0.78). Therefore, the oribatid abundance could be explained by a greater complexity of the structure of the organic horizon, lower bulk density and lower penetration resistance. These conditions favor the mineralization of organic matter, and therefore food availability. On the other hand, in site P, oribatid abundance is mainly influenced by the porous system, which conditions the access to food, competition between organisms and refuge from predators. Two new species were registered for Argentina: Mesotritia elegantula and Acrogalumna longipluma.El suelo es un hábitat tridimensional altamente complejo. Los cambios en su estructura y porosidad pueden afectar el tipo y la abundancia de la biota del suelo. Los ácaros oribátidos juegan un papel fundamental en la descomposición y mineralización de la materia orgánica del suelo, y su abundancia depende de la textura, la materia orgánica, el pH, la humedad, el sistema poroso, entre otros. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar algunas de las variables edáficas que condicionan el hábitat de los ácaros oribátidos en Phaeozems Lúvicos bajo plantaciones de Pinus radiata(P) y Eucalyptus globulus (E), en el sudeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se analizaron la densidad aparente, la resistencia a la penetración, el pH, la humedad, los parámetros del sistema poroso y la abundancia de oribátidos. Ambos sitios presentaron suelos bien estructurados con propiedades edáficas similares. La porosidad total fue mayor en el sitio E con respecto al sitio P. En ambos sitios la tortuosidad de los poros fue alta, lo que genera un hábitat de arquitectura compleja para el desarrollo de los ácaros oribátidos. Tanto en el sitio E como en el P predominaron oribátidos de 70-400 μm de tamaño y, en general, fueron más abundantes en el sitio E. Se observó una correlación positiva entre la abundancia de oribátidos y el tamaño de poros en ambos sitios. En el sitio E, esta correlación fue menor (70-600 μm) o negativa (70-400 μm). Por lo tanto, la abundancia de oribátidos podría explicarse por una mayor complejidad de la estructura del horizonte orgánico, menor densidad aparente y menor resistencia a la penetración. Estas condiciones favorecen la mineralización de la materia orgánica y, por lo tanto, la disponibilidad de alimento. Mientras, en el sitio P, la abundancia de oribátidos está influenciada principalmente por el sistema poroso, que condiciona el acceso al alimento, la competencia entre organismos y el refugio ante predadores. Se registration dos nuevas especies en Argentina, Mesotritia elegantula y Acrogalumna longipluma.O solo é um habitat tridimensional altamente complexo. As mudanças na estrutura e na porosidade podem afetar o tipo e quantidade da biota do solo. Os ácaros oribatídeos têm um papel fundamental na decomposição e mineralização da matéria orgânica do solo, e a sua abundância depende da textura, teor de matéria orgânica, pH, humidade, sistema poroso, entre outros parâmetros do solo. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar algumas das variáveis edáficas que condicionam o habitat dos ácaros oribatídeos em Phaeozems Luvicos com plantações de Pinus radiata (P) e Eucalyptus globulus (E) no sudeste da província de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Foram analisados no solo a ddensidade aparente, resistência à penetração, pH, humidade, parâmetros do sistema poroso e a abundancia e espécies dos ácaros oribatídeos. Ambos os sítios apresentaram solos bem estruturados e com propriedades edáficas semelhantes. A porosidade total foi maior no sítio E quando comparado com o sítio P. Em ambos os sítios a tortuosidade dos poros foi alta, o que propicia um habitat de arquitetura complexa para o desenvolvimento dos ácaros oribatídeos. Tanto em E como em P, predominaram ácaros oribatídeos com 70-400 μm de tamanho e, em geral, foram mais abundantes em E. Foi observada uma correlação positiva entre a abundância de oribatídeos e o tamanho dos poros em ambos os sítios. Em E, esta correlação foi menor (70-600 μm) ou negativa (70-400 μm). Portanto, a abundância de oribatídeos poderia ser explicada pela maior complexidade da estrutura do horizonte orgânico, menor densidade do solo e menor resistência à penetração. Estas condições favorecem a mineralização da matéria orgânica e, consequentemente, a disponibilidade de alimento. Por outro lado, em P a abundância de oribatídeos é principalmente influenciada pelo sistema poroso que condiciona o acesso a alimento, a competição entre organismos e refúgio de predadores. Registaram-se duas novas espécies na Argentina, Mesotritia elegantula y Acrogalumna longipluma

How reproducible are surface areas calculated from the BET equation?

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMPorosity and surface area analysis play a prominent role in modern materials science. At the heart of this sits the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory, which has been a remarkably successful contribution to the field of materials science. The BET method was developed in the 1930s for open surfaces but is now the most widely used metric for the estimation of surface areas of micro- and mesoporous materials. Despite its widespread use, the calculation of BET surface areas causes a spread in reported areas, resulting in reproducibility problems in both academia and industry. To prove this, for this analysis, 18 already-measured raw adsorption isotherms were provided to sixty-one labs, who were asked to calculate the corresponding BET areas. This round-robin exercise resulted in a wide range of values. Here, the reproducibility of BET area determination from identical isotherms is demonstrated to be a largely ignored issue, raising critical concerns over the reliability of reported BET areas. To solve this major issue, a new computational approach to accurately and systematically determine the BET area of nanoporous materials is developed. The software, called “BET surface identification” (BETSI), expands on the well-known Rouquerol criteria and makes an unambiguous BET area assignment possibl

Etude des plaques de Peyer de l'intestin du souriceau nouveau-né comme voie possible de pénétration du virus du cancer mammaire de la souris (MMTV)

Peer reviewe

Inferências sobre Vegetação e Clima no Holoceno a partir de Fitólitos e Pólen da Lagoa do Macuco, Litoral Norte do Estado do Espírito Santo (Brasil)

[EN] An interproxy approach focused on phytoliths and pollen, including radiocarbon dating and sediment particle-size analyses, has been carried out at Lagoa do Macuco, Linhares municipality, Espírito Santo State, Brazil. Three pollen zones were identified: the first one (MAC-C I) indicates the presence of mangrove vegetation between 7700 cal yr BP and 4396 cal yr BP; the second one a displacement of the vegetation from the lower areas to the more elevated margins of the valley (MAC-C II, from between 4396 to 1287 cal. yr BP) and third one (MAC-C III), representing the period of the current lake evolution, between 1287 cal. yr BP and the present day. The displacement of the mangrove seems to be connected to the landward migration of the palaeo-estuary and the flooding of the lower parts of the valley, reflecting the relative sea-level highstand, which occurred after 7000 cal yr BP. The phytolith analysis indicated four main zone. The phytolith zone I (7700-7100 cal yr BP) did not show the presence of phytoliths. The phytoliths zone II (7100-3400 cal yr BP) indicates the presence of an open vegetation predominantly of grasses while phytolith zone III (3400-400 cal yr BP) shows a phase with more forested vegetation. Finally, the phytolith zone IV (400 cal yr BP to modern) has a decrease in tree cover and the setting of vegetation with a strong grasses component. Phytoliths indices indicate trends of humidity and temperature at a more local scale, allowing understanding the environmental conditions during the formation of the current lake.[PT] Uma abordagem interproxy focada na análise de fitólitos e de grãos de pólen, também incluindo datação 14C e análise granulométrica de sedimentos, foi aplicada ao estudo da Lagoa do Macuco, em Linhares no Estado do Espírito Santo. Foram identificadas três zonas polínicas definidas com base nas mudanças do registro polínico, a primeira (MAC-C I) indicando a presença de uma vegetação de mangue entre 7700 anos cal AP e 4396 anos cal AP, a segunda (MAC-C II) que representa o deslocamento da vegetação das áreas mais baixas para as partes marginais mais elevadas do vale (4396 anos cal AP - 1287 anos cal AP) e a terceira (MAC-C III) que representa o período da instalação do atual lago, entre 1287 anos cal AP e os dias atuais. O deslocamento do mangue parece estar conectado a migração em direção ao paleo-estuário e o alagamento das partes baixas do vale, refletindo a elevação do nível relativo do mar depois de 7000 cal anos AP. A análise fitolítica indicou quatro zonas principais. A zona fitolítica I (7700-7100 anos cal AP), não apresentou fitólitos. A zona fitolítica II (7100-3400 anos cal AP) indica a presença de uma vegetação predominantemente composta por gramíneas, enquanto a zona fitolítica III (3400-400 anos cal AP) mostrou uma fase com uma vegetação mais florestada. Finalmente, a zona fitolítica IV, (400 anos cal AP até os dias atuais) apresentou decréscimo da cobertura arbórea e uma estrutura de vegetação com forte presença de gramíneas em sua composição. Os índices fitolíticos indicaram tendência de umidade e temperatura em escala local permitindo a compreensão das condições ambientais durante a formação do lago atual.The authors express their gratitude to Vale and Sooretama Nature Reserves (Linhares, ES, Brasil) for the field support. This work received financial support by the São Paulo Foundation for Research (FAPESP), grant 2011/00995-7, and CNPq (Universal), grant 470210/2012-5.Peer Reviewe

La gran erupción de hace 4.2 ka cal en Cerro Blanco, Zona Volcánica Central, Andes: nuevos datos sobre los depósitos eruptivos holocenos en la Puna sur y regiones adyacentes

The eruption of the Cerro Blanco Volcanic Complex, in the southern Puna, NW Argentina dated at 4410–4150 a cal BP, was investigated to produce new information on stratigraphy, geomorphology, physical volcanology, radiocarbon dating, petrography, and geochemistry. Identification of pre–, syn–, and post–caldera products allowed us to estimate the distribution of the Plinian fallout during the paroxysmal syn–caldera phase of the eruption. The new results provide evidence for a major rhyolitic explosive eruption that spread volcanic deposits over an area of ~500,000 km2, accumulating > 100 km3 of tephra (bulk volume). This last value exceeds the lower threshold of Volcanic Explosive Index (VEI) of 7. Ash-fall deposits mantled the region at distances > 400 km from source and thick pyroclastic-flow deposits filled neighbouring valleys up to 35 km away. This eruption is the largest documented during the past five millennia in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, and is probably one of the largest Holocene explosive eruptions in the world. We have also identified two additional rhyolitic eruptions in the region from two other eruptive sources: one during the Early–Holocene and another in the Late–Holocene. The identification and characterisation of these significant volcanic events provide new constraints into regional Holocene geological and archaeological records, and offer extensive regional chronostratigraphic markers over a wide geographical area of South America.La erupción del Complejo Volcánico Cerro Blanco en el sur de la Puna, noroeste de Argentina (4410–4150 a BP) se investigó para obtener nueva información sobre estratigrafía, geomorfología, volcanología física, dataciones por radiocarbono, petrografía y geoquímica. La caracterización de los productos en relación a la evolución de la caldera de Cerro Blanco permitió estimar la distribución de los depósitos de ceniza de la fase paroxísmica Plineana de la erupción. Estos novedosos resultados evidencian una gran erupción explosiva riolítica que generó depósitos cineríticos en un área de aproximadamente 500.000 km2, acumulando > 100 km3 de tefra (volumen total). Este último valor supera el umbral inferior del Índice de Explosividad Volcánica (IEV) de 7. Los depósitos de caída de ceniza cubrieron la región, llegando a más de 400 km desde el Complejo Volcánico de Cerro Blanco, y los potentes depósitos de flujos piroclásticos rellenaron los valles vecinos alcanzando una distancia de 35 km. Esta erupción es la más grande documentada durante los últimos cinco milenios en la Zona Volcánica Central de los Andes y es probablemente una de las mayores erupciones explosivas holocenas del mundo. Además, se han identificado otras dos erupciones riolíticas en la región procedentes de otros dos centros eruptivos: una durante el Holoceno temprano y otra en el Holoceno tardío. La identificación y caracterización de estos grandes eventos volcánicos proporcionan nuevas guías para los registros geológicos y arqueológicos regionales del Holoceno, siendo marcadores cronostratigráficos de aplicación a una extensa área geográfica de América del Sur

Design of a Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework System for Enhanced Targeted Delivery to Mitochondria.

Mitochondria play a key role in oncogenesis and constitute one of the most important targets for cancer treatments. Although the most effective way to deliver drugs to mitochondria is by covalently linking them to a lipophilic cation, the in vivo delivery of free drugs still constitutes a critical bottleneck. Herein, we report the design of a mitochondria-targeted metal-organic framework (MOF) that greatly increases the efficacy of a model cancer drug, reducing the required dose to less than 1% compared to the free drug and ca. 10% compared to the nontargeted MOF. The performance of the system is evaluated using a holistic approach ranging from microscopy to transcriptomics. Super-resolution microscopy of MCF-7 cells treated with the targeted MOF system reveals important mitochondrial morphology changes that are clearly associated with cell death as soon as 30 min after incubation. Whole transcriptome analysis of cells indicates widespread changes in gene expression when treated with the MOF system, specifically in biological processes that have a profound effect on cell physiology and that are related to cell death. We show how targeting MOFs toward mitochondria represents a valuable strategy for the development of new drug delivery systems