History of spinal neurosurgery and spine societies

Historically, spine and spinal cord surgery have been an integral part of neurosurgery. It was always a part of the neurosurgery education and practically a significant part of neurosurgeons’ daily work. However, spine societies have mostly been pioneered by orthopedic spine surgeons. It’s only in the last 4 decades that neurosurgeons are also forming spine societies. The term “Neurospine” becomes more popular and used by many authors, institutions during the last decades, although it is not widely used in North America. There are specific reasons for its popularity: (1) It is like a combination of neurosurgery and spine surgery. Neurosurgeons widely prefer to use it. (2) It has a sense inside to remind patients that the spine is with neurological structures. “Neurospine Surgery” is also used in the sense of a combination of “neuroscience” and “spine”. There are at least 2 journals with this theme, i.e., “Neurospine” and “Journal of Neurosurgery Spine.” [1] In this paper, a brief history of spine surgery and spine-related societies is discussed. We aimed to create a global summary of neuro spine with spinal neurosurgeons’ perspectives from other parts of the world and comment on the world's current condition

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Homenaje al Profesor Ernesto Andrade Valderrama

<p>La Sociedad Colombiana de Historia de la Medicina, a través de su Junta Directiva, ha encargado al doctor Efraim Otero Ruiz y a quien les habla para rendir homenaje al Profesor Ernesto Andrade Valderrama. Honorífico pero difícil encargo, que he tomado con el mayor de los gustos y con el temor de no poder siquiera dibujar la bella parábola trazada por su vida hasta el presente. Aunque debo referirme fundamentalmente a su vida profesional, no puedo dejar de articular lo científico con lo humano.</p><p>Ernesto Andrade Valderrama nació en esta ciudad de Bogotá, de una familia que reunió las mejores virtudes Santafereñas y Santandereanas; su padre Eugenio Andrade Suescún fue Gobernador de Santander durante el gobierno del General Ramón González Valencia y Secretario (Ministro) del Tesoro durante la administración del Presidente Jorge Holguín. Su familia fue formada bajo principios cristianos orientados al servicio de sus semejantes. Por ello no es de extrañarnos que de los 17 hijos de Don Eugenio Andrade, cinco se hubiesen dedicado al sacerdocio, 3 de ellos jesuitas, uno de los cuales, Bernardo, fue misionero en la China y quien lastimosamente falleció ahogado al tratar de rescatar a un niño durante el naufragio del barco en que regresaba del oriente, frente a las costas italianas.</p><p>Proviene pues, de una familia de tradición conservadora (los Andrade) que se complementó con la liberal (los Valderrama -su madre fue Doña Inés Valderrama Ordóñez-). En el seno de esta familia destinada al servicio de los demás crece Ernesto Andrade Valderrama, quien estudia medicina en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, donde recibió su grado de Doctor en Medicina y Cirugía en 1942 con la Tesis “Rectosigmoidoscopia y Observaciones sobre Cirugía Ano-Rectal”, con la cual mostraba su clara inclinación por la cirugía. Así, en 1943 por concurso gana el título de Jefe de clínica Quirúrgica del Hospital de San Juan de Dios de Bogotá, cargo que ejerce hasta 1945 cuando es nombrado Jefe del Servicio de Proctología del Instituto Nacional de Radium.</p><p>Su formación como cirujano la adquiere en el Hospital de San Juan de Dios durante el periodo antes señalado, bajo la dirección e influencia directa del Profesor Juan N. Corpas y del Profesor Arango. Aunque siempre ha mantenido contacto con colegas extranjeros y con los avances de la cirugía en el mundo (recordemos que además del español lee en inglés, francés y alemán), podríamos decir que su formación fue criolla, desde luego bajo la influencia que todavía por entonces ejercían la medicina y la cirugía francesas.</p><p>Al decir de uno de sus excelsos alumnos, el doctor Miguel Otero Cadena, el Profesor Andrade Valderrama es un cirujano nato, práctico, va rápida y directamente al problema, sin rodeos. Pero no ha sido un cirujano como se diría ‘un operador’; lejos de ello, recuerdo vivamente sus enseñanzas, su insistencia en la importancia del manejo fisiológico del paciente quirúrgico, de los líquidos y electrolitos, la preparación preoperatoria y el manejo nutricional de estos enfermos.</p><p>Como cirujano general se dedicó con especial inclinación a la patología del seno. Así, en los años cincuenta creó la Clínica del seno en el Hospital San Juan de Dios; fue uno de los pioneros de la cirugía conservadora en tratamiento del cáncer de seno, en contravía de la tendencia predominante de la cirugía radical que en la época impulsaba el Instituto Nacional. de Radium -hoy Instituto de Cancerología. Sobre este tema publicó 7 escritos.</p><p>Su campo de mayor interés ha sido sin duda la Colo-proctología; desde su tesis de grado se puede observar esta tendencia. Tiene 30 publicaciones sobre el tema. Realizó por vez primera en colombia la Resección Abdomino-Perineal para el tratamiento del cáncer de Colon, conocida como operación de Miles. Fue entusiasta defensor de la operación de Noble modificada, para la prevención de adherencias intestinales y un abanderado de la profilaxis antibiótica en la cirugía de Colon...</p&gt

Rehabilitation of Spinal Cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations

WOS:000604731600013PubMed: 33401859Spinal cord injury (SCI) is accompanied by a significant number of complications associated with damage to the spinal cord, gross functional impairments leading to limited self-care and movement, leading to a high level of disability, social and psychological maladaptation of the patients. Bsides, pain and spasticity negatively affect rehabilitation programs. This search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE database. All studies published in English language (n = 16,297) were considered for inclusion. of all studies evaluating rehabilitation in SCI patients (n = 80) were included. Based on the literature review the faculty of the WFNS Spine Committee created statements covering different aspects of the contemporary rehabilitation process of the SCI patients. The prepared statements were subjected to discussions, followed by anonymous voting process by the members of the WFNS Spine Committee. As result of the diccussions and the voting process the statements were modified and published as recommendations of the WFNS Spine Committee. The care for the SCI has gone a long way from the times after the World War II when these patients were considered hopeless in terms of any functional recovery, to the contemporary comprehensive rehabilitation programs. The rehabilitation is important part of the modern comprehencive treatment of SCI patients nowadays. The current manuscript reflects different aspects of the contemporary rehabilitaton process and decision makings, which were discussed by the faculty of the WFNS Spine Committee resulting in issuing of the following recommendations

Early Management of Cervical Spine Trauma: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations

Zileli, Mehmet/0000-0002-0448-3121WOS:000604731600006PubMed: 33401852Epidemiology, prevention, early management of cervical spine trauma and it's reduction are the objectives of this review paper. A PubMed and MEDLINE search between 2009 and 2019 were conducted using keywords. Case reports, experimental studies, papers other than English language and and unrelated studies were excluded. Up-to-date information on epidemiology of spine trauma, prevention, early emergency management, transportation, and closed reduction were reviewed and statements were produced to reach a consensus in 2 separate consensus meeting of World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine Committee. The statements were voted and reached a positive or negative consensus using Delphi method. Global incidence of traumatic spinal injury is higher in low- and middle-income countries. The most frequent reasons are road traffic accidents and falls. The incidence from low falls in the elderly are increasing in high-income countries due to ageing populations. Prevention needs legislative, engineering, educational, and social efforts that need common efforts of all society. Emergency care of the trauma patient, transportation, and in-hospital acute management should be planned by implementing detailed protocols to prevent further damage to the spinal cord. This review summarizes the WFNS Spine Committee recommendations on epidemiology, prevention, and early management of cervical spine injuries

Traumatic spinal injury: global epidemiology and worldwide volume

Background Traumatic spinal injury (TSI) results from injury to bony, ligamentous, and/or neurologic structures of the spinal column and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. The global burden of TSI is poorly understood, so we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the global volume of TSI. Methods We performed a systematic review through PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Databases on TSI studies reported from 2000 to 2016. Collected data were used to perform a meta-analysis to estimate the annual incidence of TSI across World Health Organization regions and World Bank income groups using random-effect models. Incorporating global population figures, the annual worldwide volume of TSI was estimated. Results A total of 102 studies were included in the systematic review and 19 studies in the meta-analysis. The overall global incidence of TSI was 10.5 cases per 100,000 persons, resulting in an estimated 768,473 [95% confidence interval, 597,213–939,732] new cases of TSI annually worldwide. The incidence of TSI was higher in low- and middle-income countries (8.72 per 100,000 persons) compared with high-income countries (13.69 per 100,000 persons). Road traffic accidents, followed by falls, were the most common mechanism of TSI worldwide. Overall, 48.8% of patients with TSI required surgery. Conclusions TSI is a major source of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Largely preventable mechanisms, including road traffic accidents and falls, are the main causes of TSI globally. Further investigation is needed to delineate local and regional TSI incidences and causes, especially in low- and middle-income countries

A history of Colombian neurosurgery : events, persons, and outcomes that have shaped the specialty in the country

Q1Q1The history of Colombian neurosurgery is a collective legacy of neurosurgeon-scientists, scholars, teachers, innovators, and researchers. Anchored in the country’s foundational values of self-determination and adaptability, these pioneers emerged from the Spanish colonial medical tradition and forged surgical alliances abroad. From the time of Colombian independence until the end of World War I, exchanges with the French medical tradition produced an emphasis on anatomical and systematic approaches to the emerging field of neurosurgery. The onset of American neurosurgical expertise in the 1930s led to a new period of exchange, wherein technological innovations were added to the Colombian neurosurgical repertoire. This diversity of influences culminated in the 1950s with the establishment of Colombia’s first in-country neurosurgery residency program. A select group of avant-garde neurosurgeons from this period expanded the domestic opportunities for patients and practitioners alike. Today, the system counts 10 recognized neurosurgery residency programs and over 500 neurosurgeons within Colombia. Although the successes of specific individuals and innovations were considered, the primary purpose of this historical survey was to glean relevant lessons from the past that can inform present challenges, inspire new opportunities, and identify professional and societal goals for the future of neurosurgical practice and specialization.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9087-1392Revista Internacional - IndexadaA1N