Spatial and temporal variation of satellite-derived phytoplankton biomass and production in the California Current System off Punta Eugenia, during 1997-2012

The great biodiversity of the California Current System area off Punta Eugenia is supported by high phytoplankton production (PP) caused by coastal upwelling. Satellite imagery was used to characterize the sea surface temperature (SST), phytoplankton biomass (Chlsat), and PP variation in this area during 1997-2012, and to generate a first approximation to its climatology, or an average year. Chlsat and PP had higher values inshore (0-120 km from shore) than offshore. SST had minima inshore and maxima offshore from January through October, with a gradient reversal at the end of autumn. SST often presented spatial distributions with minima and maxima suggesting mesoscale phenomena, such as meanders and eddies. These affected Chlsat and PP inshore. In general, inshore Chlsat and PP were high in March-August (up to >5 mg m-3, and >3.5 g C m-2 d-1), and low in September-February (up to ~1.2 mg m-3, and ~1.2 g C m-2 d-1). Offshore (120-240 km), Chlsat and PP presented similar and relatively low values throughout the whole year, ~0.3 mg m-3 and ~0.5 g C m-2 d-1. Most Chlsat and PP variation was in the annual and interannual periods. Chlsat data from 1998 (El Niño year) and those of 2000 presented significant differences for the inshore region. But, when comparing other El Niño years, there were no significant differences, suggesting that the local impact of ENSO events depend on the type of El Niño, the Pacific decadal oscillation phase, and the incidence of mesoscale phenomena such as meanders and eddies.The great biodiversity of the California Current System area off Punta Eugenia is supported by high phytoplankton production (PP) caused by coastal upwelling. Satellite imagery was used to characterize the sea surface temperature (SST), phytoplankton biomass (Chlsat), and PP variation in this area during 1997-2012, and to generate a first approximation to its climatology, or an average year. Chlsat and PP had higher values inshore (0-120 km from shore) than offshore. SST had minima inshore and maxima offshore from January through October, with a gradient reversal at the end of autumn. SST often presented spatial distributions with minima and maxima suggesting mesoscale phenomena, such as meanders and eddies. These affected Chlsat and PP inshore. In general, inshore Chlsat and PP were high in March-August (up to >5 mg m-3, and >3.5 g C m-2 d-1), and low in September-February (up to ~1.2 mg m-3, and ~1.2 g C m-2 d-1). Offshore (120-240 km), Chlsat and PP presented similar and relatively low values throughout the whole year, ~0.3 mg m-3 and ~0.5 g C m-2 d-1. Most Chlsat and PP variation was in the annual and interannual periods. Chlsat data from 1998 (El Niño year) and those of 2000 presented significant differences for the inshore region. But, when comparing other El Niño years, there were no significant differences, suggesting that the local impact of ENSO events depend on the type of El Niño, the Pacific decadal oscillation phase, and the incidence of mesoscale phenomena such as meanders and eddies

The non-Abelian Duality Problem

We exploit a new theory of duality transformations to construct dual representations of models incompatible with traditional duality transformations. Hence we obtain a solution to the long-standing problem of non-Abelian dualities that hinges on two key observations: (i) from the point of view of dualities, whether the group of symmetries of a model is or is not Abelian is unimportant, and (ii) the new theory of dualities that we exploit includes traditional duality transformations, but also introduces in a natural way more general transformations.Comment: 5 pages (2 figures) plus Supplemental materia

Muscle mass measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis, calf circumference and grip strength in older adults

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the correlation between muscle mass, measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), with calf circumference and grip strength.Materials and methodsCross-sectional and observational study. Including all functional adults over 60 years of age seen in our Geriatric Clinic during the months of March 2013–February 2014. Measurements of weight, height, BMI, calf circumference, grip strength and muscle mass by BIA were made after the signature of informed consent.Results105 patients were evaluated, 73 women and 32 men, with a mean age of 76 years (SD±7.3). Muscle mass showed a mild positive correlation with calf circumference: Pearson (r=0.31; p=0.000) and a moderate positive correlation with grip strength: Pearson (r=0.50; p=0.000).DiscussionMuscle mass by BIA has a positive correlation with calf circumference and grip strength, and is a reliable measure to assess muscle mass and physical performance in older adults in geriatric ambulatory clinics and can be used in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in Mexican patients

Changes in the membrane proteome of human chronic kidney diseased erythrocytes

Comunicaciones a congreso

La influencia de los principales modos de variabilidad interanual en la demanda energética domestica

Ponencia presentada en: VII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología: clima, ciudad y ecosistemas, celebrado en Madrid entre el 24 y 26 de noviembre de 2010.[ES]En este trabajo caracterizamos la demanda energética doméstica en término de grados-día de calentamiento y enfriamiento. Los principales modos climáticos que influyen en la variabilidad interanual en la Península Ibérica son El Nino-La Oscilación del Sur y la Oscilación del Atlántico Norte. Determinamos aquí si existe una influencia significativa de estos modos sobre los índices mensuales de calentamiento o enfriamiento que sirven para calcular los grados-días. Para estimar estos índices se utilizan observaciones meteorológicas diarias en 32 observatorios de la Península Ibérica en el periodo 1958-2005. Aplicamos una prueba estadística de rango para determinar si existe una dependencia significativa en la fase de la NAO, en la fase de ENSO, y si hay interacción en la influencia de estos dos modos.[EN]In the present study we characterize the domestic energy demand in terms of heating and cooling degree-days. The principal climate modes that influence the interannual variability of the Iberian Peninsula are the El Nino-the Southern Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation. We determine here the influence that those modes have on the mensual heating and cooling climate indices used in the computation of the degree-days. Those indices are estimated from daily temperature data at 32 meteorological stations at the Iberian Peninsula, for the period 1958-2005. We use a rank statistical test to determine if there is a significant influence of the NAO phase, or of the ENSO phase on those indices. We also test if there is some interaction between the influence of the climate modes.Este estudio está financiado parcialmente por el proyecto CIRCE (CGL-036961) de la Unión Europea

Influencia de los principales modos de variabilidad interanual en la demanda energética doméstica [Póster]

Póster presentado en: VII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología: clima, ciudad y ecosistemas, celebrado en Madrid entre el 24 y 26 de noviembre de 2010.Este estudio ha sido financiado parcialmente por el proyecto CIRCE (CGL-­‐036961) de la U.E

Adult neural stem cells and multiciliated ependymal cells share a common lineage regulated by the Geminin family members

Adult neural stem cells and multiciliated ependymalcells are glial cells essential for neurological func-tions. Together, they make up the adult neurogenicniche. Using both high-throughput clonal analysisand single-cell resolution of progenitor division pat-terns and fate, we show that these two componentsof the neurogenic niche are lineally related: adult neu-ral stem cells are sister cells to ependymal cells,whereas most ependymal cells arise from the termi-nal symmetric divisions of the lineage. Unexpectedly,we found that the antagonist regulators of DNA repli-cation, GemC1 and Geminin, can tune the proportionof neural stem cells and ependymal cells. Our find-ings reveal the controlled dynamic of the neurogenicniche ontogeny and identify the Geminin familymembers as key regulators of the initial pool of adultneural stem cells

La variabilidad interanual del Mediterráneo Occidental en verano en una simulación regional acoplada

Ponencia presentada en: VII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología: clima, ciudad y ecosistemas, celebrado en Madrid entre el 24 y 26 de noviembre de 2010.[ES]La variabilidad interanual estival observada en el Mediterráneo Occidental no está tan relacionada con la del Atlántico Norte como en invierno. Su rasgo más característico son los calentamientos y enfriamientos que tienen lugar cada 4-5 años. En el marco del proyecto europeo CIRCE (GOCE-03696 1) se han desarrollado una serie de simulaciones de la variabilidad climática mediterránea con modelos regionales anidados en modelos acoplados globales. Las simulaciones representan el período 1950-2050, los primeros 50 años bajo condiciones observadas, y los últimos 50 con condiciones correspondientes al escenario A1B. Los análisis que se han realizado para este trabajo corresponden a la simulación regional realizada con el modelo desarrollado en el INGV (Bolonia, Italia). En el periodo histórico, la simulación presenta calentamientos y enfriamientos con la misma escala temporal que las observaciones, y éstos se mantienen durante la simulación del clima futuro.[EN]The observed summer interannual variability in the Westein Mediterranean is less conditioned by the North Atlantic variability than the winter one. The most relevant trait of this variability is the recurrent warning and cooling events that take place every 4-5 years. A number of simulations of the Mediterranean climate variability, performed with regional models nested in coupled global models, have been developped in the frame of the European project CIRCE (GOCE-036961). The simulations cover the 1950-2050 time interval. The first 50 years were simulated under observed conditions, and the last 50 under the A1B scenario conditions. The analysis presented in this work corresponds to a regional simulation developped at the INGV (Bologna, Italy). During the historical period, the simulated heating and coolings have the observed temporal time scale, and the fluctuation is maintained in the simulation under future conditions.Este trabajo se ha realizado con la financiación del contrato de la UE CIRCE (GOCE-036961

A global microbiome survey of vineyard soils highlights the microbial dimension of viticultural terroirs

The microbial biodiversity found in different vitivinicultural regions is an important determinant of wine terroir. It should be studied and preserved, although it may, in the future, be subjected to manipulation by precision agriculture and oenology. Here, we conducted a global survey of vineyards’ soil microbial communities. We analysed soil samples from 200 vineyards on four continents to establish the basis for the development of a vineyard soil microbiome’s map, representing microbial biogeographical patterns on a global scale. This study describes vineyard microbial communities worldwide and establishes links between vineyard locations and microbial biodiversity on different scales: between continents, countries, and between different regions within the same country. Climate data correlates with fungal alpha diversity but not with prokaryotes alpha diversity, while spatial distance, on a global and national scale, is the main variable explaining beta-diversity in fungal and prokaryotes communities. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria phyla, and Archaea genus Nitrososphaera dominate prokaryotic communities in soil samples while the overall fungal community is dominated by the genera Solicoccozyma, Mortierella and Alternaria. Finally, we used microbiome data to develop a predictive model based on random forest analyses to discriminate between microbial patterns and to predict the geographical source of the samples with reasonable precision

The sole DNA ligase in entamoeba histolytica is a high-fidelity DNA ligase involved in DNA damage repair

"The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is exposed to reactive oxygen and nitric oxide species that have the potential to damage its genome. E. histolytica harbors enzymes involved in DNA repair pathways like Base and Nucleotide Excision Repair. The majority of DNA repairs pathways converge in their final step in which a DNA ligase seals the DNA nicks. In contrast to other eukaryotes, the genome of E. histolyticaencodes only one DNA ligase (EhDNAligI), suggesting that this ligase is involved in both DNA replication and DNA repair. Therefore, the aim of this work was to characterize EhDNAligI, its ligation fidelity and its ability to ligate opposite DNA mismatches and oxidative DNA lesions, and to study its expression changes and localization during and after recovery from UV and H2O2 treatment. We found that EhDNAligI is a high-fidelity DNA ligase on canonical substrates and is able to discriminate erroneous base-pairing opposite DNA lesions. EhDNAligI expression decreases after DNA damage induced by UV and H2O2 treatments, but it was upregulated during recovery time. Upon oxidative DNA damage, EhDNAligI relocates into the nucleus where it co-localizes with EhPCNA and the 8-oxoG adduct. The appearance and disappearance of 8-oxoG during and after both treatments suggest that DNA damaged was efficiently repaired because the mainly NER and BER components are expressed in this parasite and some of them were modulated after DNA insults. All these data disclose the relevance of EhDNAligI as a specialized and unique ligase in E. histolytica that may be involved in DNA repair of the 8-oxoG lesions.