Review of \u3ci\u3eArt Quantum: The Eiteljorg Fellowship for Native American Fine Art, 2009\u3c/i\u3e edited by James H. Nottage with Jennifer Complo McNutt and Ashley Holland

This catalogue, published on the occasion of the sixth biennial exhibition honoring the 2009 winners of the prestigious Eiteljorg Fellowship, follows the format established in earlier iterations: a lead essay by a noted critic or scholar of contemporary Native American art (who also served as a jurist on the Fellowship\u27s independent selection panel), accompanied by five interpretive essays on each of the award recipients written by different artists or scholars and amply illustrated with high-quality reproductions of the artists\u27 work. Paul Chaat Smith (Associate Curator, Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian) contributes the lead essay, a characteristically highly stylized and oblique piece. His diversionary tactics are frustrating (if understandable) here, because they completely overwhelm the important challenge he sets out in his final paragraphs, where he calls on Native artists to relinquish easy targets and tiresome rhetoric

Evaluation of Late Season Potassium Applications to Arkansas Soybean

Potassium (K) deficiency is one of the most important yield limiting factors in Arkansas soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) production, although there are recently improved diagnostic and management opportunities available. However, several questions regarding the successful implementation of in-season K management in soybean production remain. Therefore, the research objectives were to (a) delineate the relationship between drought stress and K deficiency on soybean vigor, (b) identify the spatial dependencies of leaf-K concentrations at the production scale, (c) develop a leaf sampling protocol, (d) calibrate the fertilizer-K rate needed to correct varying levels of K deficiency at 15, 30, and 45 days after first flower (DAR1), and (e) evaluate the economics of in-season K management in soybean. The research encompassed complementary rain-out shelter and field experiments at the small plot scale as well as commercial production fields. Drought stress significantly (P \u3c 0.05) reduced the total K uptake (TKU), aboveground biomass production, and yield, with greater reductions when drought stress was imposed during reproductive growth. Across producer managed fields, no consistent spatial dependencies were found in the leaf-K concentrations indicating that a soybean tissue-K grid sampling protocol cannot be generalized to a specific area size. Therefore, one composite sample consisting of at least 18 of the upper-most fully expanded trifoliolate leaves from each management zone is appropriate to capture the area’s crop nutritional K status. Additional small plot research was conducted on silt loam soils to quantify the level of deficiency with trifoliolate leaf samples and assess the yield response to corrective applications of 0 to 149 kg K ha-1 at 15, 30 and 45 DAR1. As expected, higher levels of deficiency required higher rates of fertilization to reach the yield goal. Linear plateau models were considered for each timing, using the join point as the threshold determining whether a corrective application is warranted. The parameters of the significant (P \u3c 0.05) individual models predicting the 15 and 30 DAR1 rate recommendations were not statistically different (P = 0.902). Therefore, data were combined and a new model fit, providing a predicted site-specific fertilizer-K rate recommendation from R2 to 30 DAR1. At both the 15 and 30 DAR1 times, economic ramifications associated with corrective applications were quantified in a payoff matrix by calculating yield averages, partial returns (PR), and regret, each assuming 5-year average prices. At both times, large increases in PR and differences in regret were reported when in-season K deficiencies occurred. The 45 DAR1 results failed to provide a reasonable calibration curve (P = 0.401), suggesting that this is too late to correct a K deficiency in soybean. Overall, the ability to follow a leaf sampling protocol to appropriately capture a soybean field’s K status and use the results to determine a site-specific, calibrated fertilizer-K rate will enable producers to diagnose and correct deficiencies in-season and maximize both yield and profit. These research findings are the first to provide site-specific fertilizer-K rate recommendations for in-season applications and accompany the information with economic payoff matrices to facilitate informed management decisions

Evaluation of Soybean Maturity Group and Planting Date in a Soybean-Rice Rotation on Overall Crop Productivity

Little is known about the effects of soybean (Glycine max L.) management techniques on soil-nitrogen (N) credit development and its impact on the subsequent rice (Oryza sativa L.) crop’s success. This study was conducted to determine how soybean maturity group (MG) and planting date effect overall soybean productivity and its influence on the following rice crop. Various soybean planting dates (optimum and late) and MGs (3.5, 4.7, 5.4, and 5.6) were grown and followed in rotation with a rice crop. Six rates of pre-flood fertilizer-N (0, 44, 89, 134, 179, 224 kg N ha-1) were applied to the rice crop. Soybean grain yield was significantly different amongst MGs in both 2016 (P = 0.0012) and 2017 (P = 0.0004), with the 4.7 relative MG consistently yielding the highest. Soybean total N uptake (TNU) increased with increasing grain yield (P = 0.0167) when all site years were analyzed together. The net N returned to the soil through biomass residue was not significantly influenced by planting date (P = 0.7796) or MG (P = 0.3475).The rice grown in clay soil produced a higher grain yield when following a 5.4 MG soybean (P \u3c 0.0001). On a silt loam soil the interaction of both planting date and MG of the previous soybean crop influenced the maximal grain yield achieved of the rice crop (P \u3c 0.0001) and the N rate needed to achieve 95% relative grain yield (P = 0.0007). At an optimum planting date, soybean MG had little effect on the rice crop but should be selected to achieve the highest soybean grain yield. However, when the soybean crop is planted late, a determinate cultivar should be selected to achieve the highest rice crop TNU, maximal grain yield, and require the lowest rate of fertilizer-N to achieve 95% relative grain yield. Soybean crop management decisions can be highly influential when producing a soybean-rice rotation in Arkansas to maximize overall crop rotation productivity and profitability

Optimization of surge irrigation

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1986 O77Master of ScienceBiological and Agricultural Engineerin

ZnO Coatings with Controlled Pore Size, Crystallinity and Electrical Conductivity

Zinc oxide is a wide bandgap semiconductor with unique optical, electrical and catalytic properties. Many of its practical applications rely on the materials pore structure, crystallinity and electrical conductivity. We report a synthesis method for ZnO films with ordered mesopore structure and tuneable crystallinity and electrical conductivity. The synthesis relies on dip-coating of solutions containing micelles of an amphiphilic block copolymer and complexes of Zn2+ ions with aliphatic ligands. A subsequent calcination at 400 °C removes the template and induces crystallization of the pore walls. The pore structure is controlled by the template polymer, whereas the aliphatic ligands control the crystallinity of the pore walls. Complexes with a higher thermal stability result in ZnO films with a higher content of residual carbon, smaller ZnO crystals and therefore lower electrical conductivity. The paper discusses the ability of different types of ligands to assist in the synthesis of mesoporous ZnO and relates the structure and thermal stability of the precursor complexes to the crystallinity and electrical conductivity of the zinc oxide