Repetición, estereotipo y dibujo infantil.

In this article we examine the concepts underlying graphic stereotypes, which are a characteristic of outsider art. To this end, we will review a series of classic studies dealing with children’s art, as repetition and stereotype have traditionally been studied in this field. We will then try to correlate the theoretical framework derived from our critical analysis with the main ideas espoused in adult outsider art. Several significant examples In this article we examine the concepts underlying graphic stereotypes, which are a characteristic of outsider art. To this end, we will review a series of classic studies dealing with children’s art, as repetition and stereotype have traditionally been studied in this field. We will then try to correlate the theoretical framework derived from our critical analysis with the main ideas espoused in adult outsider art. Several significant examplesEn este artículo abordaremos el examen de diferentes conceptos en torno a los estereotipos gráficos, tan frecuentes en el arte outsider. Para ello se examinarán una serie de estudios clásicos en torno al dibujo infantil, ya que el asunto de la repetición y el dibujo estereotipado ha constituido, históricamente, un tópico de la investigación en este ámbito. Trataremos de cotejar las orientaciones teóricas que arroje este análisis crítico documental con las principales ideas que sobre el particular circulan en el ámbito del arte marginal adulto, contemplando, asimismo, algunos ejemplos significativos, con el fin de detectar posibles correlaciones, coincidencias, divergencias y contradicciones conceptuales

Los secretos del arsintes bajo el prisma de la teoría emergente de los datos

Some time around 1935 the sculptor Ángel Ferrant designed a game that he called arsintes. This game is well-known for its profound study of shapes and is also related to other games created both by avant-garde artists and pedagogues. Throughout our research project we felt the need for a specifi c methodology that would lead us to discover the keys of formal design. However, it was extremely diffi cult to fi nd one that could be used to analyze our data, as we were not dealing with literary documents. The Grounded Theory permitted a different approach to the arsintes game and revealed the thinking that underlies this unique artistic object.El escultor Ángel Ferrant creó, alrededor de 1935, un juego de piezas al que denominó arsintes. Dicho juego se caracteriza por un estudio muy profundo de las formas que lo integran y presenta cierta relación tanto con juguetes creados por otros artistas de Vanguardia, como con diseños provenientes de la Pedagogía General. Durante el proceso de estudio, se puso de relieve la necesidad de recurrir a una metodología de investigación que permitiese descubrir las claves de su diseño formal. Sin embargo, resultó difícil encontrar un enfoque metodológico que se adaptase a la singularidad de un estudio condicionado por la peculiar naturaleza de los fondos que debían investigarse. La Teoría Emergente de los Datos permitió una aproximación diferente al arsintes, por lo que el desarrollo de la investigación pudo revelar el riguroso pensamiento generador de un material artístico único

Active damping of a DC network with a constant power load: an adaptive passivity-based control approach

This paper proposes a nonlinear, adaptive controller to increase the stability margin of a direct-current (DC) small-scale electrical network containing a constant power load, whose value is unknown. Due to their negative incremental impedance, constant power loads are known to reduce the effective damping of a network, leading to voltage oscillations and even to network collapse. To tackle this problem, we consider the incorporation of a controlled DC-DC power converter between the feeder and the constant power load. The design of the control law for the converter is based on the use of standard Passivity-Based Control and Immersion and Invariance theories. The good performance of the controller is evaluated with numerical simulations.Postprint (author's final draft

Informalismo y Arte Infantil.

Los archivos de dibujo infantil pueden constituir bases de datos valiosas para iniciar investigaciones. Haciendo uso del material proporcionado por una de ellas, este artículo pretende destacar una serie de aspectos coincidentes entre la moderna pintura gestual, fundamentalmente aquella representativa del Informalismo Americano, y el dibujo infantil de los primeros estadios evolutivos, en concreto el correspondiente a la etapa del garabato. Ambas manifestaciones expresivas tienen puntos de contacto en virtud de su desbordante espontaneidad, de su despreocupación respecto a la representación explícita de objetos, y de su disfrute inmediato del ma’terial, además de poseer otras afinidades no tan evidentes. Sin embargo, a pesar de todos los paralelismos que puedan hallarse, existen diferencias sustanciales entre la expresión adulta y sus referentes infantiles más inmediatos, lo que nos lleva a reflexionar sobre la conveniencia de calificar la fascinante actividad plástica de los niños de corta edad con la expresión «arte infantil», tan en boga en los últimos tiempos

Repetition, stereotype and children´s art

In this article we examine the concepts underlying graphic stereotypes, which are a characteristic of outsider art. To this end, we will review a series of classic studies dealing with children’s art, as repetition and stereotype have traditionally been studied in this field. We will then try to correlate the theoretical framework derived from our critical analysis with the main ideas espoused in adult outsider art. Several significant examples In this article we examine the concepts underlying graphic stereotypes, which are a characteristic of outsider art. To this end, we will review a series of classic studies dealing with children’s art, as repetition and stereotype have traditionally been studied in this field. We will then try to correlate the theoretical framework derived from our critical analysis with the main ideas espoused in adult outsider art. Several significant example

Combinatory composition. A procedure for fostering motivation and artistic creativity in compulsory secondary education

El siguiente artículo tiene por objeto relatar una experiencia llevada a cabo con estudiantes de 1º de E.S.O., basada en la obra del escultor español Ángel Ferrant. La idea surgió como consecuencia de una investigación previa en torno a la figura del artista, interesante representante de las Vanguardias y uno de los más destacados teóricos de la didáctica del arte en nuestro país.Las creaciones de los alumnos, producidas con material minuciosamente diseñado por él, derivan de la espontaneidad lúdica y la imaginación, orientándose hacia la satisfacción estética personal. Dados los alentadores resultados plásticos obtenidos, este incipiente estudio parece abrir la puerta tanto a una prometedora línea de trabajo de aula, como a futuras investigaciones.This article describes a project designed for firstyear secondary school students. The idea stems from previous research on the work of the Spanish sculptor Ángel Ferrant, who was not just an important avant garde sculptor but also one of the most relevant theorists and pedagogues in the teaching of Art in Spain. Our students’ work, created through the use of Ferrant’s meticulously designed didactic games, is governed by spontaneity, imagination and aesthetic selfsatisfaction. This study shows promise for both classroom and research work

Ángel Ferrant y la Escuela de Artes y Oficios de Viena.

ResumenEn este artículo se describen la organización básica de la Escuela de Artes y Ocios de Viena y las novedades metodológicas que, por influencia del movimiento artístico conocido como Secesión, la convirtieron en una institución revolucionaria de la enseñanza artística en Europa. La influencia de la Institución sobre el escultor y profesor español Ángel Ferrant,becado en Viena por la Junta de Ampliación de Estudios en 1927, condicionó su trayectoria docente posterior, hasta el punto de convertirlo en uno de los principales renovadores de la enseñanza artística en España. En ese proceso de cambio fue trascendental el ejemplo de dos profesores; el reconocido especialista en didáctica artística dirigida a niños Franz Cizek, y el profesor de escultura Eugen Steinhof. In this article we describe the organization of the Kunstgewerbeschule in Viena and the didactic methodology that it developed from the artistic movement known as Secession, making it in one of the most modern schools in all of Europe. These methods infl uenced the Spanish sculptor and teacher Ángel Ferrant, who visited it in 1927 and later became one of the most innovative art teachers in Spain. During his visit, he was especially impressed by the work of Professor Franz Cizek, a famous specialist in teaching children, and by the work of Sculpture Professor Eugen Steinhof

La composición combinatoria. Un procedimiento para fomentar la motivación y la creatividad artística en E.S.O.

El siguiente artículo tiene por objeto relatar una experiencia llevada a cabo con estudiantes de 1º de E.S.O., basada en la obra del escultor español Ángel Ferrant. La idea surgió como consecuencia de una investigación previa en torno a la figura del artista, interesante representante de las Vanguardias y uno de los más destacados teóricos de la didáctica del arte en nuestro país. Las creaciones de los alumnos, producidas con material minuciosamente diseñado por él, derivan de la espontaneidad lúdica y la imaginación, orientándose hacia la satisfacción estética personal. Dados los alentadores resultados plásticos obtenidos, este incipiente estudio parece abrir la puerta tanto a una prometedora línea de trabajo de aula, como a futuras investigaciones. This article describes a project designed for first-year secondary school students. The idea stems from previous research on the work of the Spanish sculptor Ángel Ferrant, who was not just an important avant garde sculptor but also one of the most relevant theorists and pedagogues in the teaching of Art in Spain. Our students work, created through the use of Ferrants meticulously designed didactic games, is governed by spontaneity, imagination and aesthetic self-satisfaction. This study shows promise for both classroom and research work

The arsintes’s secrets under the prism of the data merge theory.

Some time around 1935 the sculptor Ángel Ferrant designed a game that he called arsintes. This game is well-known for its profound study of shapes and is also related to other games created both by avant-garde artists and pedagogues. Throughout our research project we felt the need for a specifi c methodology that would lead us to discover the keys of formal design. However, it was extremely diffi cult to fi nd one that could be used to analyze our data, as we were not dealing with literary documents. The Grounded Theory permitted a different approach to the arsintes game and revealed the thinking that underlies this unique artistic object

Environmental Enrichment Modulates Drug Addiction and Binge-Like Consumption of Highly Rewarding Substances: A Role for Anxiety and Compulsivity Brain Systems?

Drug addiction is a chronic disorder comprising components of both impulsivity and compulsivity in the so called “addiction cycle” which develops over time from early non-dependent, repetitive, binge-consumption to later post-dependent compulsive consumption. Thus, frequent binge-like intake is a typical pattern of excessive drug intake characteristic of the pre-dependent phase of the addiction cycle, which represent an important risk factor to develop addiction in vulnerable individuals. In this framework, it is of paramount interest to further understand the earliest stage of the addiction cycle so novel approaches would emerge aimed to control repetitive episodes of binge-consumption in non-dependent subjects, protecting vulnerable individuals from transition to dependence. Environmental enrichment (EE) is a preclinical animal model in which animals are housed under novel, social enriched conditions, which allows exercising and provides sensory and cognitive stimulation. EE promotes important improvements for a variety of cognitive processes and clear therapeutic and protective effects preventing ethanol (EtOH) and drug addiction as well. Interestingly, recent observations suggest that EE might additionally modulate binge-like intake of highly palatable caloric substances, including EtOH, which suggests the ability of EE to regulate consumption during the initial stage of the addiction cycle. We have proposed that EE protective and therapeutic effects on binge-consumption of palatable substances might primarily be mediated by the modulatory control that EE exerts on anxiety and impulsivity/compulsivity traits, which are all risk factors favoring transition to drug addiction