9 research outputs found
The territorial dimension of electrical power consumption in Andalusia at detailed scales
El trabajo analiza las pautas espaciales seguidas por el consumo de energĂa elĂ©ctrica en los municipios andaluces. Sobre los 661 municipios que reciben suministro elĂ©ctrico de Sevillana-ENDESA, se toman en consideraciĂłn 11 variables alusivas al consumo elĂ©ctrico total y sectorial y a factores econĂłmicos y demográfi cos determinantes de aquĂ©llos. Su análisis permite observar la plasmaciĂłn espacial de los consumos y realizar una tipologĂa de los municipios con arreglo a su comportamiento consumidor. Como resultado de la tipologĂa se establecen cinco tipos diferentes de municipios en la comunidad andaluza.This paper analyzes the spatial patterns followed by the consumption of electricity in the Andalusian municipalities. 11 variables related to the total and sectorial power consumption as well as economic and demographic factors of them have been taken into account in the 661 municipalities that receive electricity from Sevillana-ENDESA. Their analysis allows observing the spatial pattern of consumption and making a typology of municipalities
according to their consumption behavior. As a result a typology with fi ve different types of municipalities is set out
Traditional market gardens and historical irrigation in Andalusia. Heritage bases, evolutionary dynamics and territorial keys for their present-day recovery
Esta comunicaciĂłn se inscribe en un programa de investigaciĂłn sobre las posibilidades de recuperaciĂłn y perspectivas de futuro de las huertas tradicionales y regadĂos histĂłricos de AndalucĂa emprendido por un grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Sevilla. Su objetivo es trasladar a la comunidad acadĂ©mica unas primeras reflexiones de este trabajo; a saber: 1) una somera descripciĂłn de sus rasgos patrimoniales y paisajĂsticos originarios, asociados a sus localizaciones primigenias; 2) un repaso de los procesos en los que estos espacios se han visto inmersos y sus resultados territoriales; y 3) unos primeros apuntes sobre las perspectivas funcionales que se abren a estas viejas agriculturas, derivadas de la asunciĂłn de nuevos marcos teĂłrico-normativos (multifuncionalidad agraria, reconsideraciĂłn de los espacios libres urbanos, Convenio Europeo del Paisaje) (REIG, 2002; FOLCH, 2003; CONSEJO DE EUROPA, 2000) y relacionadas con sus pautas actuales de localizaciĂłnThis communication forms part of a research programme undertaken by a research group at the University of Seville on the possibility of recovering traditional market gardens and historical irrigation in Andalusia, and their future prospects. The purpose is to transmit some first reflections on this topic to the academic community, to be specific: 1) a compendium of the original heritage and landscape features of the original forms of irrigation connected with their original sites; 2) a review of the processes that they have been subject to (urban expansion, agro-rural crises, and the implementation of new irrigation), and 3) an outline of the prospects and possibilities of recovery for these old types of agriculture on the basis of their enduring landscape and heritage and compliance with differentiated functionalities connected with their current siting patterns
Mapa colaborativo de los conflictos del agua en AndalucĂa: [pĂłster]
Proyecto: Atlas digital colaborativo de la justicia ambiental en el agua. ContribuciĂłn a la transparencia y los datos abiertos en las polĂticas pĂşblicasEl mapa de los conflictos del agua en AndalucĂa es una herramienta que tiene como objetivo cartografiar y documentar de manera colaborativa los principales conflictos, debates e iniciativas sociales en torno al agua en AndalucĂa. El proyecto se inspira en el Atlas de la Justicia Ambiental (https://ejatlas.org/) y en el ideario del movimiento por una Nueva Cultura del Agua. Este proyecto de investigaciĂłn-acciĂłn tiene por objetivo experimentar nuevas formas de co-producciĂłn de conocimiento que contribuyan tanto a mejorar la informaciĂłn sobre los conflictos del agua en AndalucĂa como a innovar en gobierno abierto en esta comunidad. El proyecto está coordinado por la Universidad de Sevilla y se apoya en la Red Andaluza de la Nueva Cultura del Agua (https://redandaluzaagua.org/)
Collaborative mapping of water conflicts in Andalusia, Spain
This project builds on previous studies, to construct a process of social and collaborative mapping that leads to the production of a map on water conflicts in Andalusia (Spain). This contributes to current debate in the field of Environmental and in particular Water Justice and the map is conceived as a knowledge tool to substantiate rights to a sustainable and ethical use of water for human and non-human uses (Hofrichter, 1994). Indeed, the process of building the map is understood as constructing a civic space for the effective exercise of social and environmental rights which civil society is responsible for together with the state (Brañes Ballesteros, 2004)
Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
Summary
Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally.
Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies
have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of
the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income
countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality.
Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to
hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis,
exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a
minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical
status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary
intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause,
in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status.
We did a complete case analysis.
Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital
diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal
malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome
countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male.
Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3).
Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income
countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups).
Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome
countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries;
p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients
combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11],
p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20
[1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention
(ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety
checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed
(ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of
parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65
[0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality.
Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome,
middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will
be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger
than 5 years by 2030