Study of the feasibility of using a sailplane as an instrument platform for the study of wake vortex phenomena

The feasibility of utilizing instrumentation mounted on a sailplane wing is investigated to determine vortex wakes from a large aircraft. The instrumentation consisted of static and total pressure tubes and a rotating vane vorticity meter mounted in a pod on the glider wing tip. It was concluded that the study was not feasible

Propeller Study. Part 1: Introduction and Overview

A general aerodynamic-acoustic theory was developed for determining the acoustical design of propellers used on general aviation aircraft. Data from the theoretical investigation were applied in the design of a propeller whose thrust and torque were measured during a series of YO-3A aircraft flight tests

A distribution model for the aerial application of granular agricultural particles

A model is developed to predict the shape of the distribution of granular agricultural particles applied by aircraft. The particle is assumed to have a random size and shape and the model includes the effect of air resistance, distributor geometry and aircraft wake. General requirements for the maintenance of similarity of the distribution for scale model tests are derived and are addressed to the problem of a nongeneral drag law. It is shown that if the mean and variance of the particle diameter and density are scaled according to the scaling laws governing the system, the shape of the distribution will be preserved. Distributions are calculated numerically and show the effect of a random initial lateral position, particle size and drag coefficient. A listing of the computer code is included

Propeller Study. Part 2: the Design of Propellers for Minimum Noise

The design of propellers which are efficient and yet produce minimum noise requires accurate determinations of both the flow over the propeller. Topics discussed in relating aerodynamic propeller design and propeller acoustics include the necessary approximations and assumptions involved, the coordinate systems and their transformations, the geometry of the propeller blade, and the problem formulations including the induced velocity, required in the determination of mean lines of blade sections, and the optimization of propeller noise. The numerical formulation for the lifting-line model are given. Some applications and numerical results are included

Low-speed aerodynamic characteristics of a 13.1-percent-thick, high-lift airfoil

Low speed sectional characteristics of a high lift airfoil are studied and a comparison is made of those characteristics with the predictions of the theoretical methods used in the airfoil's design. The 13.1 percent-thick, UI-1720 airfoil was found to achieve the predicted maximum lift coefficient of nearly 2.0. No upper-surface, flow separation was found below the stall angle of attack of 16 degrees; it appeared that stall was due to an abrupt leading edge flow separation

Multiobjective optimization of water distribution systems accounting for economic cost, hydraulic reliability, and greenhouse gas emissions

In this paper, three objectives are considered for the optimization of water distribution systems (WDSs): the traditional objectives of minimizing economic cost and maximizing hydraulic reliability and the recently proposed objective of minimizing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It is particularly important to include the GHG minimization objective for WDSs involving pumping into storages or water transmission systems (WTSs), as these systems are the main contributors of GHG emissions in the water industry. In order to better understand the nature of tradeoffs among these three objectives, the shape of the solution space and the location of the Pareto-optimal front in the solution space are investigated for WTSs and WDSs that include pumping into storages, and the implications of the interaction between the three objectives are explored from a practical design perspective. Through three case studies, it is found that the solution space is a U-shaped curve rather than a surface, as the tradeoffs among the three objectives are dominated by the hydraulic reliability objective. The Pareto-optimal front of real-world systems is often located at the "elbow" section and lower "arm" of the solution space (i.e., the U-shaped curve), indicating that it is more economic to increase the hydraulic reliability of these systems by increasing pipe capacity (i.e., pipe diameter) compared to increasing pumping power. Solutions having the same GHG emission level but different cost-reliability tradeoffs often exist. Therefore, the final decision needs to be made in conjunction with expert knowledge and the specific budget and reliability requirements of the system. © 2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.Wenyan Wu, Holger R. Maier, and Angus R. Simpso

Development of a Kentucky CSO Database

This report provides an overview of several products developed for the management of CSO data for the state of Kentucky. These products have been developed in fulfillment of the Memorandum of Agreement No. 13814 between the University of Kentucky and the Environmental Protection Cabinet. The developed products include: 1) an overall management structure, 2) a stand-alone data management computer program, 3) background maps for each CSO city, 4) a customized Access database management environment, 5) a computer program for automating monthly CSO discharge monitoring reports, and 6) a customized Arcview 3 project for visualization and management of physical CSO datasets

An Interpretation of The Principal Characters In The Novels of Willa Cather.

The purpose of this study is to appraise the strength and individualism of the principal characters in the novels of Willa Cather. A few critics -- Hicks, Bloom, and others -- have stated that her characters are only types; nevertheless, they have placed Willa Cather on the list of great American novelists. Since Cather’s writing is proving more popular in recent years, the study of the characters in her novels seems to be a timely and worthwhile project for research. For a long time this type of study has been prevalent with scholars of theses, book reviews, and essays. Character interpretation involves philosophy, human relationships, frustrating circumstances, central ambition, attitudes, and other aspects of personality. This thesis gives the opportunity for interpreting the characters as Cather, the writer, and critics understand them. Although some kind of interpretation can be made without knowledge of background, this interpretation is based up on a general understanding of Cather\u27s life, philosophy, attitudes, and influences

Executive Summary: Kentucky River Basin Water Supply Assessment Study

This is a high level summary of the KWRRI study assessing the water supply concerns in the Kentucky River Basin