Career guidance of Tomsk university students (systematic approach)

Relevance. Ensuring employment and promoting professional development of young specialists is one of the main directions of the state youth policy of the Russian Federation. The task of stabilizing the labor market is reflected in social policy of the state, as these indicators also affect the macroeconomic development of the country. However, assessment of the employment of university graduates and their behavior in the labor market demonstrates their low awareness in choosing a profession. This situation affects the formation of control figures for admission of applicants to budget and paid places in universities, the economic component of the country, the inexpedient costs of the state for a certain percentage of young professionals. In the current conditions, the correlation of these indicators is likely to be negative. Aim. To update the authors' career guidance system for youth for comprehensive training of university students and improving the efficiency of their employment with the possibility of its implementation in universities. Methods. Analysis of literature and sources on the research topic, comparative analysis, retrospective analysis of information, closed formalized anonymous survey, pilot testing of the system. Results. The authors have studied the employment of graduates of three Tomsk universities, the situation on the labor market in Russia, in some aspects in the Tomsk region. It is proved that the problem of effective employment is relevant and attracts the attention of the government. The authors updated their career guidance system, which has already been partially implemented in the work of the Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics Career Center. The paper introduces the recommendations for implementing the system. Conclusions. The proposed system can be used at Russian universities. This will improve the quality of employment of young professionals, and therefore the stability of the labor market and the economic and social components of state policy

Heart defects recapitulated in human cardioids

A major obstacle to understanding how and why congenital defects occur in the heart is the absence of models that recapitulate the basic cell lineage architecture of human heart development. In a recent study in Cell, Hofbauer and colleagues present compelling evidence that they have created such a model from human pluripotent stem cells by guiding self-organization within cell aggregates (or organoids) which they refer to as "cardioids"; these undergo patterning and morphogenesis to form a cavity-like chamber as in early heart development.Stem cells & developmental biolog

Electron pitch-angle diffusion: resonant scattering by waves vs.nonadiabatic effects

International audienceIn this paper we investigate the electron pitchanglediffusion coefficients in the night-side inner magnetospherearound the geostationary orbit (L 7) due to magneticfield deformation. We compare the effects of resonantwave–particle scattering by lower band chorus waves and theadiabaticity violation of electron motion due to the strongcurvature of field lines in the vicinity of the equator. Fora realistic magnetic field configuration, the nonadiabatic effectsare more important than the wave–particle interactionsfor high energy (> 1 MeV) electrons. For smaller energy,the scattering by waves is more effective than nonadiabaticone. Moreover, the role of nonadiabatic effects increases withparticle energy. Therefore, to model electron scattering andtransport in the night-side inner magnetosphere, it is importantto take into account the peculiarities of high-energy electrondynamics

EH-undulative system for “effective cooling” of electron beams

The system for forming charged particles beams with small energy spread is proposed and studied. It is constructed on the basis of the Undulative Induction Accelerator (EH-accelerator). The obtained results of numerical modeling show that the proposed system allows to reduce the beam energy spread more than ~40 times. The mechanism of energy “equalization” of electrons during the accelerating beam is investigated. This mechanism is called the "effective cooling"

Undulative induction formers of picosecond electron bunches

The basic physical mechanism and the design idea of a new type of Undulative Induction Formers (UNIFs or EH-formers) of especially short intensive electron bunches are proposed and studied. The characteristic feature of the proposed EH-former is the employing of nonstationary crossed linearly polarized electrical and magnetic undulative fields (EH-fields). Namely, the EH-former turns out to be "opened" for an electron beam only during a very short (picosecond) time interval. A possibility to form rather intensive picosecond electron bunches is shown. Including, the picosecond bunches with a number of electrons in each bunch ~ 10⁸÷10¹⁰

Воздействие электромагнитного излучения на энергетическое состояние молекул воды

The impact of electromagnetic fields of both natural and man-made origin in public places and at work due to the growing tendency to use electronic devices can have an adverse effect on human health. This article proposes a possible mechanism for the action of electromagnetic radiation of low power on a living organism through a liquid medium.Воздействие электромагнитных полей как природного происхождения, так и техногенного характера в общественных местах и на производстве в связи с растущей тенденцией использования электронных устройств может оказывать неблагоприятное влияние на здоровье человека. В этой статье предложен возможный механизм воздействия электромагнитного излучения малой мощности на живой организм посредством жидкой среды

Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station

The issues of organization and carrying out of ecological monitoring in the region of the Ukrainian Antarctic Station “Akademik Vernadsky” are taken up in the report. The information about the basic circulation flows, temporal (daily and annual) and spatial changeability of hydrological & hydrochemical ingredients as well as the vertical hydrological & hydrochemical water structure are presented on the basis of 1997-1998 experimental data. The description of the modern state of the chemical pollution of the basic elements of the Argentina Archipelago Islands` shallow water ecosystem. The broad spectrum of pollutants, such as different components of oil pollution, including carcinogenic polyaromatic hydrocarbons, highly toxic chlorinated hydrocarbons, heavy metals have been found in the majority of the ecosystem`s elements under analysis. The local areas of oil pollution have been found in the region of Galindez Isles. The obtained results are the part of the experimental data base for solving fundamental and applied problems including the problem of environmental protection. It is necessary to continue such investigations for studying the tendencies, for forecasting the vulnerable Antarctic ecosystems` state and for working up measures to protect ecosystems from the further pollution.У доповіді розглянуті питання організації і виконання екологічного моніторингу в районі української антарктичної станції Академік Вернадський. На основі експериментальних даних 1997-1998 рр. представлені дані про основні циркуляційні потоки, тимчасову (добову, міжрічну) і просторову мінливість гідролого-гідрохімічних інгредієнтів, вертикальну гідролого-гідрохімічну структуру вод. Наведено характеристику сучасного стану хімічного забруднення основних елементів екосистеми шхерного мілководдя. У більшості аналізованих елементів екосистеми виявлений широкий спектр забруднюючих речовин: різні компоненти нафтового забруднення, включаючи канцерогенні поліароматичні вуглеводні, високотоксичні хлоровані вуглеводні, важкі метали. Виявлено локальні ділянки нафтового забруднення в районі острова Галіндез. Отримані результати є частиною експериментальної бази даних для рішення фундаментальних і прикладних, у тому числі природоохоронних задач. Продовження цих досліджень необхідно для вивчення тенденцій, прогнозування стану уразливих антарктичних екосистем і розробки заходів щодо запобігання їхнього подальшого забруднення

Engineered 3D vessel-on-chip using hiPSC-derived endothelial- and vascular smooth muscle cells

Crosstalk between endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes or vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is essential for the proper functioning of blood vessels. This balance is disrupted in several vascular diseases but there are few experimental models which recapitulate this vascular cell dialogue in humans. Here, we developed a robust multi-cell type 3D vessel-on-chip (VoC) model based entirely on human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Within a fibrin hydrogel microenvironment, the hiPSC-derived vascular cells self-organized to form stable microvascular networks reproducibly, in which the vessels were lumenized and functional, responding as expected to vasoactive stimulation. Vascular organization and intracellular Ca2+ release kinetics in VSMCs could be quantified using automated image analysis based on open-source software CellProfiler and ImageJ on widefield or confocal images, setting the stage for use of the platform to study vascular (patho)physiology and therapy.Cardiolog

Generation, functional analysis and applications of isogenic three-dimensional self-aggregating cardiac microtissues from human pluripotent stem cells

Tissue-like structures from human pluripotent stem cells containing multiple cell types are transforming our ability to model and understand human development and disease. Here we describe a protocol to generate cardiomyocytes (CMs), cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and cardiac endothelial cells (ECs), the three principal cell types in the heart, from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and combine them in three-dimensional (3D) cardiac microtissues (MTs). We include details of how to differentiate, isolate, cryopreserve and thaw the component cells and how to construct and analyze the MTs. The protocol supports hiPSC-CM maturation and allows replacement of one or more of the three heart cell types in the MTs with isogenic variants bearing disease mutations. Differentiation of each cell type takes similar to 30 d, while MT formation and maturation requires another 20 d. No specialist equipment is needed and the method is inexpensive, requiring just 5,000 cells per MT.Stem cells & developmental biolog

ETV2 upregulation marks the specification of early cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells during co-differentiation

Biological and Soft Matter Physic