Imbalance of vasoconstrictor / vasodilation potential caused by experimental osteoarthritis development

Study have been carried out on white Wistar line rats (age – 3 months, weight – 180-220 g). According to the tasks the animals were divided into 7 groups:1st group is intact (n = 20). 2nd group is rats, which were modeled osteoarthritis without further correction and were withdrawn from the experiment in the first stage (7th day) (n=40). 3rd group is rats, which were modeled osteoarthritis without further correction and removed from the experiment in the second stage (21st day) (n=40). 4th group is rats, in which experimental osteoarthritis was corrected with  nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (Diclofenac) and aminoguanidine and removed from the experiment in the first stage (7th day) (n=20). 5th group is rats, in which experimental osteoarthritis was corrected with NSAIDs (Diclofenac) and aminoguanidine and withdrawn from the experiment in the second stage (21st day) (n=20). 6th group is rats, where experimental osteoarthritis was corrected using NSAIDs and a 7% L-arginine solution and withdrawn from the experiment in the first stage (7th day) (n=20).7th group is rats, in which experimental osteoarthritis was corrected with NSAIDs and 7% L-arginine solution and withdrawn from the experiment in the second stage (21st day) (n=20)Animals were withdrawn from the experiment for the 7th day and the 21st day after the simulation of the pathological condition. NSAIDs (Diclofenac), aminoguanidine and L-arginine were administered from the beginning of the study.As a research result was found significant increase in the endothelin-1 level in the blood, which indicates about imbalance endothelium functioning in the predominance direction of vasoconstrictor potential. Shift the balance towards vasoconstriction is evidence of the blood vessels vasodilating potential weakening.There is a positive trend in the endothelial dysfunction correction in osteoarthritis with the aminoguadine administration. L-arginine effectiveness has been proven as a corrective agent for the endothelial function normalization in experimental osteoarthritis. It has been proven that use of nitric oxide donor are more effective than the use of an inducible NO synthase inhibitor

Эталон для измерения относительных величин структур позвоночника взрослых

The paper proposes a method for using the relative values of linear dimensions for spine structures, which are necessary to compare the results obtained from digital and conventional radiographs having different scales.The purpose of the study: to develop a method for quantifying the spine structures of adult patients in relative units of measurement.Materials and methods. Using digital spine radiographs of 141 patients (from 21 to 88 years old), with careful observance of the same magnification, it is shown that the metric length of the segment tangent to the image of the vertebral body CI lower contour – the órel standard – has no age trend.Results and discussion. The ratio of segment tangent to the image of sacrum upper contour (segment s) and órel standard dimension also does not depend on age and is on average equal to 2.1. So the segment can be approximately calculated as órel = s/2.1. A group of 64 patients, from 21 to 88 years old, taken from the general cohort is divided into four age subgroups according to the WHO classification. It is shown that relative vertical spine size decreases with age. The difference in average relative vertical spine size for the first and the fourth age subgroups was 3.75 órels. The relative contribution of each spine part to the decrease is also demonstrated.Conclusion. The proposed relative unit of measurement “órel” can be used as a universal measure of length, independent of the scale and method of obtaining an X-ray image for measuring and comparing the structures of the spine in adults at any age.В работе предложен метод измерения относительных величин линейных размеров структур позвоночника, которые необходимы для сравнения результатов, полученных с цифровых и обычных рентгенограмм, имеющих разный масштаб.Цель исследования: разработать метод количественной оценки величины структур позвоночника взрослых пациентов в относительных единицах измерения.Материал и методы. На примере группы из 141 пациента (от 21 до 88 лет) при тщательном соблюдении одинакового увеличения цифровых рентгенограмм было показано, что метрическая длина отрезка касательной к изображению нижнего контура тела позвонка CI – эталон óрел – не имеет возрастного тренда.Результаты и обсуждение. Выявлено, что соотношение размеров эталона óрел (отрезка orel) и отрезка касательной к изображению верхнего контура крестца (отрезка s) не зависит от возраста и в среднем равно 2,1, и может быть приблизительно вычислено по формуле orel = s/2,1. На примере группы 64 пациентов, взятых из той же когорты обследованных, (от 21 до 88 лет), разделенной на 4 возрастные подгруппы в соответствии с классификацией ВОЗ, показано, что относительный вертикальный размер позвоночника, уменьшается с возрастом. Разница средних относительных значений вертикального размера позвоночника в первой и в четвертой возрастной подгруппе составила 3,75 óрела. Также продемонстрирован относительный вклад каждого отдела позвоночника в это уменьшение.Заключение. Предлагаемая относительная единица измерения “óрел” может быть использована в качестве универсальной меры длины, независимой от масштаба и способа получения рентгеновского изображения для измерения и сравнения структур позвоночника у взрослых в любом возрасте

Resonant ion-pair formation in electron recombination with HF^+

The cross section for resonant ion-pair formation in the collision of low-energy electrons with HF^+ is calculated by the solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation with multiple coupled states using a wave packet method. A diabatization procedure is proposed to obtain the electronic couplings between quasidiabatic potentials of ^1Sigma^+ symmetry for HF. By including these couplings between the neutral states, the cross section for ion-pair formation increases with about two orders of magnitude compared with the cross section for direct dissociation. Qualitative agreement with the measured cross section is obtained. The oscillations in the calculated cross section are analyzed. The cross section for ion-pair formation in electron recombination with DF^+ is calculated to determine the effect of isotopic substitution.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figure

Proving Set Equality: Methodical Techniques to Prevent Mistakes

Формулювання проблеми. Вивчення теми «Доведення рівності множин» зазвичай викликає певні труднощі у студентів, оскільки вимагає від них не лише ґрунтовної теоретичної підготовки, зокрема, знань означень операцій над множинами та їх властивостей, означень відношення включення та відношення рівності множин тощо, але й практичних умінь і навичок виконувати доведення різними способами, володіти відповідною символікою, вміти самостійно аналізувати і робити висновки. Значне скорочення аудиторних годин лише загострило зазначену проблему. Метою нашого дослідження було визначити типові помилки студентів у цій темі, запропонувати методичні прийоми запобігання цим помилкам, розробити і впровадити в навчальний процес методичні рекомендації для якісного засвоєння способів доведення рівності множин. Матеріали і методи. У процесі дослідження, яке проводилося серед студентів-першокурсників ННІ педагогіки Житомирського державного університету ім. Івана Франка, використано теоретичні методи (аналіз, синтез, порівняння, узагальнення, систематизація даних) і комплекс діагностичних методів, зокрема: анкетування, тестування, спостереження, метод бесіди, метод контрольних робіт, метод кількісної обробки отриманих даних. Результати. У результаті діагностики визначено типові помилки студентів під час доведення рівності множин: неправильне зображення результатів операцій над множинами на діаграмах Ейлера-Венна, неправильний порядок виконання дій у формулах, невміння аналізувати факти належності елемента певній множин із та робити висновки з цього, помилки під час виконання тотожних перетворень формул. У статті вказано причини виникнення зазначених помилок та запропоновано методичні прийоми запобігання їм. Описана підготовча робота, що передує вивченню кожного способу доведення рівності множин з метою запобігання помилкам, наведено фрагменти пояснень методів доведення рівності множин. Висновки. Впровадження запропонованих прийомів у навчальний процес підвищило рівень засвоєння способів доведення рівності множин.The study of the topic "Proving Set Equality" traditionally causes some difficulties among puples, since it requires not only thorough theoretical preparation, in particular the knowledge of the definitions of operations on sets and their properties, the definitions of set relation etc., but also practical skills and abilities to proof, to analyze and draw conclusions. Formulation of the problem. A significant reduction in classroom hours only exacerbated the problem. The aim of our research is to identify puples' typical mistakes while studying this topic, to offer methodical techniques to prevent these mistakes, to develop and introduce methodological recommendations into the educational process for mastering methods of proving set equality. Materials and methods. In the process of research, which was conducted among first-year students of the Institute of Pedagogy of Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, classification, systematization of experimental data) and a set of diagnostic methods (questionnaires, testing, observation, the method of conversation, the method of self-evaluation, the method of tests, the method of quantitative processing of the data obtained) were used. Results. Typical puples' mistakes while proving set equality were identified: incorrect presenting the results of operations on sets in Euler-Wien diagrams, the wrong order of operations in formulas, the inability to analyze the facts of belonging an element to a certain set and draw conclusions from it, mistakes with identical transformations of formulas. The article deals with the causes of occurring these mistakes and suggests methodical techniques for preventing them. Conclusions. The introduction of the suggested techniques into the educational process has increased the level of mastering the methods of proving set equality

Зміст наукової організації праці дільничного інспектора міліції

Орел, О. В. Зміст наукової організації праці дільничного інспектора міліції / О. В. Орел // Право і безпека. - 2009. - № 1. - С. 89-94.Відображено загальнотеоретичні положення, наукові та методичні основи організації праці й узагальнено досвід організації роботи дільничних інспекторів міліції. На підставі практичного досвіду й аналізу результатів обліку витрат робочого часу наголошується на проблемних питаннях і труднощах, які виникають на сучасному рівні наукової організації праці Рассмотрены научные и методические основы организации труда, а также практический опыт работы участковых инспекторов милиции. Подчеркнуты проблемные вопросы, возникающие на современном этапе научной организации труда. Problems of legal and administrative basis for the scientific organization of an administration officer’s work are found out

Dynamics of endothelial and inducible synthase nitric oxide in experimental osteoarthritis and its correction

Study have been carried out on white Wistar line rats (age – 3 months, weight – 180-220 g). According to the tasks the animals were divided into 7 groups:1st group is intact (n = 20). 2nd group is rats, which were modeled osteoarthritis without further correction and were withdrawn from the experiment in the first stage (7th day) (n=40). 3rd group is rats, which were modeled osteoarthritis without further correction and removed from the experiment in the second stage (21st day) (n=40). 4th group is rats, in which experimental osteoarthritis was corrected with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (Diclofenac) and aminoguanidine and removed from the experiment in the first stage (7th day) (n=20). 5th group is rats, in which experimental osteoarthritis was corrected with NSAIDs (Diclofenac) and aminoguanidine and withdrawn from the experiment in the second stage (21st day) (n=20). 6th group is rats, where experimental osteoarthritis was corrected using NSAIDs and a 7% L-arginine solution and withdrawn from the experiment in the first stage (7th day) (n=20)7th group is rats, in which experimental osteoarthritis was corrected with NSAIDs and 7% L-arginine solution and withdrawn from the experiment in the second stage (21st day) (n=20)Animals were withdrawn from the experiment for the 7th day and the 21st day after the simulation of the pathological condition. NSAIDs (Diclofenac), aminoguanidine and L-arginine were administered from the beginning of the study.During the experiment was found nitric oxide hyperproduction by increasing the activity of inducible NO synthase. It was found decreased endothelial NO synthase activity against the background of experimental osteoarthritis development and the induced inducible NO synthase activation. It has been proven aminoguadine correction effectiveness (inducible NO-synthase inhibitor) of endothelial dysfunction in osteoarthritis. It has been established the feasibility of using L-arginine as a corrective agent for endothelial dysfunction in experimental osteoarthritis. Correction agents comparative characteristics showed that the use of nitric oxide donor is more effective compared to  inducible NO synthase inhibition

Researc of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines dynamic on the background of endothelial dysfunction development induced by experimental osteoarthrosis

Study have been carried out on white Wistar line rats (age – 3 months, weight – 180-220 g). According to the tasks the animals were divided into 7 groups:1st group is intact (n = 20). 2nd group is rats, which were modeled osteoarthritis without further correction and were withdrawn from the experiment in the first stage (7th day) (n=40). 3rd group is rats, which were modeled osteoarthritis without further correction and removed from the experiment in the second stage (21st day) (n=40). 4th group is rats, in which experimental osteoarthritis was corrected with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (Diclofenac) and aminoguanidine and removed from the experiment in the first stage (7th day) (n=20). 5th group is rats, in which experimental osteoarthritis was corrected with NSAIDs (Diclofenac) and aminoguanidine and withdrawn from the experiment in the second stage (21st day) (n=20). 6th group is rats, where experimental osteoarthritis was corrected using NSAIDs and a 7% L-arginine solution and withdrawn from the experiment in the first stage (7th day) (n=20). 7th group is rats, in which experimental osteoarthritis was corrected with NSAIDs and 7% L-arginine solution and withdrawn from the experiment in the second stage (21st day) (n=20). Animals were withdrawn from the experiment for the 7th day and the 21st day after the simulation of the pathological condition. NSAIDs (Diclofenac), aminoguanidine and L-arginine were administered from the beginning of the study.It were found during the experiment, increased levels of Interleukin 1β and Interleukin 10 in the simulated osteoarthrosis pathogenesis. It has been established positive dynamics of these cytokines in the endothelial dysfunction correction at osteoarthritis with the aminoguadine correction. It was revealed more pronounced efficacy of using L-arginine as a corrective means of impaired endothelial function in experimental osteoarthritis. Comparative characteristics of correction agents has shown that the use of nitric oxide donor is more effective than incubation of inducible NO synthase. It was proved  normalization of endothelial functional status indicators in the group of animals treated with L-arginine as a part of complex correction of osteoarthrosis was proved

Близкість правових систем України та ЄС у сфері конвенційного права

The purpose of this scientific article is to analyze the process of the imminence of Ukrainian and EU legal systems in the field of conventional law in order to develop conceptual suggestions for improving Ukrainian system of conventional law in the context of re-codification of civil law in Ukraine. The authorsof the article have substantiated the need for: distinguishing between the concepts of harmonization and unification of EU conventional law; creation of a single codified act within the EU for regulating conventional law; singling out the grounds and prerequisites for the re-codification of civil legislation of Ukraine; coordination of national legislation regarding the requirements on the form of the contract; expansion of freedom of contract through the removal of essential terms of the contract; rethinking the system of contracts within civil legislation of Ukraine and reducing their list in the Civil Code of Ukraine

Dependence of Wear Intensity on Parameters of Tribo Units

The degree of dispersion of particles of pollution and their amount in the lubricating medium substantially affects the anti-wear properties of the latter. At the same time, if the particle size of the contaminants is 5 microns or less, the anti-wear properties of such a lubricant medium are improved and, consequently, the wear of the friction surfaces decreases. The equation for the wear rate is obtained taking into account the interaction of charged wear particles with friction surfaces. It is shown that on the basis of the obtained equation, the wear rate can be presented as a decreasing function of the coefficient of the lubricant anti-wear properties, which is the ratio of concentrations of finely dispersed to coarsely dispersed particles

Complications associated with the treatment of chronic limb-threatening ischemia

The aim of the work is to review current national and foreign specialized literature on various complications associated with the treatment of chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Atherosclerotic lesion of the lower limb arteries is the most common cause of tissue perfusion deficiency of the lower limbs and can lead to their loss. A radical method of treatment for chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) remains revascularization. Despite the modern possibilities of surgical treatment and many years of experience in such treatment, the percentage of surgical complications is still substantial. The level of providing qualitative care to patients with CLTI consists in the successful correction of the mentioned complications. That is why the analysis of this problem is an urgent issue of modern angiosurgery. Conclusions. Most complications after surgical treatment of atherosclerotic lower limb lesions could cause both a limb loss and a severe systemic disorder development in general. The presented data of the professional literature review of clinical and experimental studies justify the need for an early management of complications associated with surgical treatment of chronic limb-threatening ischemia. It would contribute not only to the limb preservation, but also prevent the occurrence of severe general somatic complications