The Consideration of Response Modification Factor of L-Shaped Structures by Using Adaptive Pushover Analysis Method and Comparison with Traditional Pushover Method

In the most of regulations, reduction factor of seismic force depends only on the kind of lateral loading system, but research has shown that this factor is a function of many factors such as period and modal characteristics of the structure, the height and especially form of plan in the building. Due to the complexity of nonlinear dynamic analysis method, today, nonlinear static analysis method called pushover, as a practical appropriate tool has developed in field of earthquake engineering based on function frequently. But traditional pushover analysis method have defects that can be noted Including the stability of lateral load pattern form, did not consider the impact of higher modes or impact of more efficient modes and lack of consideration of the stiffness matrix of member or the entire of structure changes in step of analysis. In recent years a number of researchers have proposed using adaptive load pattern, in this methods, lateral load pattern have changed and adapting in during analysis based on momentary stiffness matrix of structures. In this paper we investigate the response modification factor in L-shaped geometric asymmetry by using SAP software, Pushover analysis used in this study is divided into two categories pushover with constant load pattern (traditional method) and pushover with the adaptive load pattern (adaptive). So, it is studied building with L-shaped asymmetrical plan, with moment frame double structural system - bracing and number of floors 5, 10, 15 and 20, with four different bracing plan types at considering frames, and the end were compared obtained response modification factor from the two methods for these buildings

Prevalence of goiter among schoolchildren from Gorgan, Iran, a decade after national iodine supplementation: Association with age, gender, and thyroperoxidase antibodies

Background: One decade after universal salt iodization in Iran, goiter prevalence, urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) values were assessed among schoolchildren in Gorgan, Iran. Methods: From 2003-2004, 500 girls and 900 boys aged 7-11 yr were evaluated for goiter by palpation. UIC was measured in 183 randomly-selected goitrous children. Serum TSH, T 4, and TPOAb were measured in 53 goitrous and 30 non-goitrous children with adequate UIC. Results: Goiter was detected in 370 (26.4%) children. Goiter was present in 31 % of girls and 17% of boys age 9 (p<0.012); 37% of girls and 20% of boys age 10 (p<0.003); and 52% of girls and 19% of boys age 11 (p<0.0001). Median (range) UIC for all goitrous children sampled was 190 (20-600) μg/l; 220 (30-590) in boys and 170 (20-600) in girls (p=0.001). Eight point seven percent of goitrous children and 22% of goitrous girls aged 10-11 had UIC<100 μg/l, while 47% of the goitrous children had UIC≥200 μg/l. TPOAb was present in 52.8% of goitrous children and 10% of non-goitrous children (p=0.0001 ). TPOAb was present in 53.9% of 10-11 and 22.7% of 7-9 yr old goitrous and non-goitrous children (p=0.003) with adequate UIC. Median (range) TSH was 2.9 (0.3-10.9) mlU/l in TPO-positive and 1.8 (0.5-4.1) in TPO-negative children (p=0.001 ). Conclusions: Gorgan, Iran, is an iodine-sufficient area and almost half of schoolchildren have more than adequate UIC. TPOAb is associated with endemic goiter. Despite sufficient UIC overall, some school-aged girls remain at risk of iodine deficiency. ©2005, Editrice Kurtis

Investigation of PGPR on Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil and Microelement Contents of Sweet Basil Kourosh Ordookhani; Investigation of PGPR on Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil and Microelement Contents of Sweet Basil

ABSTRACT Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) is an important medicinal plant, annual herb which grows in several regions all over the world. In this study, antioxidant activity of essential oil and microelements of Ocimum basilicum investigated. The control treatment was noninoculated, and the PGPR treatments were inoculated with Pseudomonas putida strain 41, Azotobacter chroococcum strain 5, and zosprillum lipoferum strain OF. In comparison to the control treatment, microelement contents and antioxidant activity of essential oil were increased by PGPR treatments. The maximum antioxidant activity of essential oil and Fe, Mn and Cu contents obtained in Pseudomonas putida strain 41+ Azotobacter chroococcum strain + zosprillum lipoferum strain OF treatment and maximum of Zn content found in Azotobacter chroococcum strain + zosprillum lipoferum strain OF treatment. It showed a synergistic effect between apply of Pseudomonas + Azotobacter + Azosprillum and Azotobacter + Azosprillum PGPR and an antagonism effect between usage of Pseudomonas + Azotobacter and Pseudomonas + Azosprillum PGPR on microelement contents and antioxidant activity of essential oil at treatments