East-West Trade Regulation in the United States (1974 Trade Act, Title IV)

The Orchard Sports Injury Classification System (OSICS) is one of the world’s most commonly used systems for coding injury diagnoses in sports injury surveillance systems. Its major strengths are that it has wide usage, has codes specific to sports medicine and that it is free to use. Literature searches and stakeholder consultations were made to assess the uptake of OSICS and to develop new versions. OSICS was commonly used in the sports of football (soccer), Australian football, rugby union, cricket and tennis. It is referenced in international papers in three sports and used in four commercially available computerised injury management systems. Suggested injury categories for the major sports are presented. New versions OSICS 9 (three digit codes) and OSICS 10.1 (four digit codes) are presented. OSICS is a potentially helpful component of a comprehensive sports injury surveillance system, but many other components are required. Choices made in developing these components should ideally be agreed upon by groups of researchers in consensus statements

Video Planet: A Teaching Case On The Detection Of Fraudulent Financial Reporting

This paper presents a teaching case intended for use in an undergraduate auditing or fraud class.  In the case, readers encounter an audit client, Video Planet, Inc., which exhibits many of the symptoms of companies that have been found to engage in fraudulent financial reporting.  The case is intended to develop students’ skills at detecting and interpreting warning signs of fraudulent financial reporting.  Section One presents the facts of the case.  Section Two presents decision-guiding questions.  Section Three provides teaching notes.  Section Four provides a summary of the paper

Wayne Manufacturing: A Teaching Case On The Detection Of Misappropriation Of Assets

This paper is a teaching case intended for use in an undergraduate auditing or fraud examination course.  Students are introduced to Wayne Manufacturing, a medium-sized firm in the Midwestern U.S.A. that manufactures parts for companies such as General Motors (GM) and Ford.  Wayne Manufacturing has some conditions present that put it at risk for misappropriation of assets.  Since it is not infrequent that such misappropriations are concealed in the accounting records, these conditions also increase the risk of fraudulent financial reporting.  Section One presents the facts of the case.  Section Two presents decision-guiding questions for students to consider.  Section Three provides teaching notes.  Section Four provides a summary of the paper

Wayne Manufacturing: A Teaching Case On The Detection Of Misappropriation Of Assets

This paper is a teaching case intended for use in an undergraduate auditing or fraud examination course.  Students are introduced to Wayne Manufacturing, a medium-sized firm in the Midwestern U.S.A. that manufactures parts for companies such as General Motors (GM) and Ford.  Wayne Manufacturing has some conditions present that put it at risk for misappropriation of assets.  Since it is not infrequent that such misappropriations are concealed in the accounting records, these conditions also increase the risk of fraudulent financial reporting. Section One presents the facts of the case.  Section Two presents decision-guiding questions for students to consider.  Section Three provides teaching notes.  Section Four provides a summary of the paper

The effect of non-pharmacological sleep interventions on depression symptoms: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Poor sleep is a significant risk factor for depression across the lifespan and sleep problems have been hypothesised to contribute to the onset and maintenance of depression symptoms. However, sleep problems are usually not a direct target of interventions for depression. A range of non-pharmacological treatments can reduce sleep problems but it is unclear whether these interventions also reduce other depression symptoms. The aim of this review was to examine whether non-pharmacological interventions for sleep problems are effective in reducing symptoms of depression. We carried out a systematic search for randomised controlled trials of non-pharmacological sleep interventions that measured depression symptoms as an outcome. Forty-nine trials (n=5908) were included in a random effects meta-analysis. The pooled standardised mean difference for depression symptoms after treatment for sleep problems was -0.45 (95% CI: -0.55,-0.36). The size of the effect on depression symptoms was moderated by the size of the effect on subjective sleep quality. In studies of participants with mental health problems, sleep interventions had a large effect on depression symptoms (d=-0.81, 95% CI: -1.13,-0.49). The findings indicate that non-pharmacological sleep interventions are effective in reducing the severity of depression, particularly in clinical populations. This suggests that non-pharmacological sleep interventions could be offered as a treatment for depression, potentially improving access to treatment

The effect of non-pharmacological sleep interventions on depression symptoms: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Poor sleep is a significant risk factor for depression across the lifespan and sleep problems have been hypothesised to contribute to the onset and maintenance of depression symptoms. However, sleep problems are usually not a direct target of interventions for depression. A range of non-pharmacological treatments can reduce sleep problems but it is unclear whether these interventions also reduce other depression symptoms. The aim of this review was to examine whether non-pharmacological interventions for sleep problems are effective in reducing symptoms of depression. We carried out a systematic search for randomised controlled trials of non-pharmacological sleep interventions that measured depression symptoms as an outcome. Forty-nine trials (n=5908) were included in a random effects meta-analysis. The pooled standardised mean difference for depression symptoms after treatment for sleep problems was -0.45 (95% CI: -0.55,-0.36). The size of the effect on depression symptoms was moderated by the size of the effect on subjective sleep quality. In studies of participants with mental health problems, sleep interventions had a large effect on depression symptoms (d=-0.81, 95% CI: -1.13,-0.49). The findings indicate that non-pharmacological sleep interventions are effective in reducing the severity of depression, particularly in clinical populations. This suggests that non-pharmacological sleep interventions could be offered as a treatment for depression, potentially improving access to treatment

Practical Social Capital: a policy briefing.

This briefing is intended for policy makers who fund and make decisions about the availability of community based programs that intend to strengthen social capital and promote health and wellbeing. The briefing synthesises a more extensive guide (Practical Social Capital: a Guide to Creating Health and Wellbeing) and draws out key lessons for policy makers. The Guide is based on three case studies of the practical application of social capital to health, arts and local government projects. It uses the lessons from these case studies to demonstrate how social capital can be a tool in interventions designed to promote health and health equity. The Guide also provides tools and resources for organisations that want to adopt a social capital approach, and reviews literature on health and wellbeing, social capital and community development and capacity building. The case studies on which the Guide and this briefing paper are based were part of a research project funded by an Australian Research Council Linkage Grant and undertaken in collaboration with industry partners: SA Department of Health, Onkaparinga City Council and Arts SA

Practical Social Capital: a guide to creating health and wellbeing.

This Guide resulted from a research project funded by the Australian Research Council and conducted at Flinders University. The research process involved people who work in local and state governments and people who are the recipients of programs and initiatives from government. These inputs have been essential to ensuring this Guide is of practical use to people who want to apply ideas about how the social side of community life, in particular social interactions and networks, can work to increase community wellbeing and reduce inequities

Application of the pMHC array to characterise tumour antigen specific T cell populations in leukaemia patients at disease diagnosis

Immunotherapy treatments for cancer are becoming increasingly successful, however to further improve our understanding of the T-cell recognition involved in effective responses and to encourage moves towards the development of personalised treatments for leukaemia immunotherapy, precise antigenic targets in individual patients have been identified. Cellular arrays using peptide-MHC (pMHC) tetramers allow the simultaneous detection of different antigen specific T-cell populations naturally circulating in patients and normal donors. We have developed the pMHC array to detect CD8+ T-cell populations in leukaemia patients that recognise epitopes within viral antigens (cytomegalovirus (CMV) and influenza (Flu)) and leukaemia antigens (including Per Arnt Sim domain 1 (PASD1), MelanA, Wilms’ Tumour (WT1) and tyrosinase). We show that the pMHC array is at least as sensitive as flow cytometry and has the potential to rapidly identify more than 40 specific T-cell populations in a small sample of T-cells (0.8–1.4 x 106). Fourteen of the twenty-six acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients analysed had T cells that recognised tumour antigen epitopes, and eight of these recognised PASD1 epitopes. Other tumour epitopes recognised were MelanA (n = 3), tyrosinase (n = 3) and WT1126-134 (n = 1). One of the seven acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) patients analysed had T cells that recognised the MUC1950-958 epitope. In the future the pMHC array may be used provide point of care T-cell analyses, predict patient response to conventional therapy and direct personalised immunotherapy for patients