TRANSFORMING THE RAW MATERIAL INDUSTRY WITH RESPECT TO THE ENVIRONMENT

Moving from the traditional industrial model, in which waste is considered the norm, EU needs to develop an integrated industrial integrated systems in which everything has a next use. By exchanging industrial energy, water, by-products and materials between sectors, waste from one industry becomes raw material for another. Industry is encouraged to emulate the sustainable cycles of nature, minimizing the burden imposed on the earth and using its resources more efficiently. The raw materials industry transformation with respect to the environment is an integral part of these initiatives and efforts. The paper aims to consider what would be required for mining companies to operate as a modern advanced technology-driven business. It reviews how waste management is a business strategy and examines issues of cost reduction with respect to the environmen

INCREASING DUST-CHAMBER EFFICIENCY OF ROTARY FURNACE FOR MAGNESITE TREATMENT

Magnesite is a basic carbonate material used as caustic magnesia in agriculture and industry and as raw material for the production of sintered magnesia. As a basic refractory material, the magnesite is mainly used for high-temperature aggregates in the mining and processing industry. In the mechanical and heat treatment of magnesite due to decrepitation of magnesite, a number of fine grained and dust particles are formed. Currently, only part of the material is processed. This paper presents new opportunities for improving the capture process of dust wastes (flue dust). The solution is focused on application to the rotary kilns (RP). The proposed solution allows a significant contribution to the capture and subsequent treatment of the flue dust. Thus, partially implemented adjustments create the possibility of effective recovery of this type of waste

INCREASING DUST-CHAMBER EFFICIENCY OF ROTARY FURNACE FOR MAGNESITE TREATMENT

Magnesite is a basic carbonate material used as caustic magnesia in agriculture and industry and as raw material for the production of sintered magnesia. As a basic refractory material, the magnesite is mainly used for high-temperature aggregates in the mining and processing industry. In the mechanical and heat treatment of magnesite due to decrepitation of magnesite, a number of fine grained and dust particles are formed. Currently, only part of the material is processed. This paper presents new opportunities for improving the capture process of dust wastes (flue dust). The solution is focused on application to the rotary kilns (RP). The proposed solution allows a significant contribution to the capture and subsequent treatment of the flue dust. Thus, partially implemented adjustments create the possibility of effective recovery of this type of waste

Efficacy and Safety of Trastuzumab Emtansine Plus Capecitabine vs Trastuzumab Emtansine Alone in Patients With Previously Treated ERBB2 (HER2)-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer A Phase 1 and Randomized Phase 2 Trial

Importance: ERBB2 (HER2)-targeted therapy provides benefits in metastatic breast cancer (mBC) and gastric cancer, but additional treatments are needed to maximize efficacy and quality of life. Objective: To determine maximum tolerated doses (MTDs) of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) plus capecitabine in patients with previously treated ERBB2-positive mBC and locally advanced/metastatic gastric cancer (LA/mGC) (phase 1) and the efficacy and safety of this combination vs T-DM1 alone in patients with mBC (phase 2). Design, setting, and participants: The MTD in phase 1 was assessed using a 3 + 3 design with capecitabine dose modification. Phase 2 was an open-label, randomized, international multicenter study of patients with mBC treated with T-DM1 plus capecitabine or T-DM1 alone. Eligible patients had previously treated ERBB2-positive mBC or LA/mGC with no prior chemotherapy treatment for advanced disease. Interventions: Patients in the phase 1 mBC cohort received capecitabine (750 mg/m2, 700 mg/m2, or 650 mg/m2 twice daily, days 1-14 of a 3-week cycle) plus T-DM1 3.6 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Patients with LA/mGC received capecitabine at the mBC phase 1 MTD, de-escalating as needed, plus T-DM1 2.4 mg/kg weekly. In phase 2, patients with mBC were randomized (1:1) to receive capecitabine (at the phase 1 MTD) plus T-DM1 or T-DM1 alone. Main outcomes and measures: The phase 1 primary objective was to identify the MTD of capecitabine plus T-DM1. The phase 2 primary outcome was investigator-assessed overall response rate (ORR). Results: In phase 1, the median (range) age was 54.0 (37-71) and 57.5 (53-70) years for patients with mBC and patients with LA/mGC, respectively. The capecitabine MTD was identified as 700 mg/m2 in 11 patients with mBC and 6 patients with LA/mGC evaluable for dose-limiting toxic effects. In phase 2, between October 2014 and April 2016, patients with mBC (median [range] age, 52.0 [28-80] years) were randomized to receive combination therapy (n = 81) or T-DM1 (n = 80). The ORR was 44% (36 of 81 patients) and 36% (29 of 80 patients) in the combination and T-DM1 groups, respectively (difference, 8.2%; 90% CI, -4.5 to 20.9; P = .34; clinical cutoff, May 31, 2017). Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 78 of 82 patients (95%) in the combination group, with 36 (44%) experiencing grade 3-4 AEs, and 69 of 78 patients (88%) in the T-DM1 group, with 32 (41%) experiencing grade 3-4 AEs. No grade 5 AEs were reported. Conclusions and relevance: Adding capecitabine to T-DM1 did not statistically increase ORR associated with T-DM1 in patients with previously treated ERBB2-positive mBC. The combination group reported more AEs, but with no unexpected toxic effects