The effects of treadmill exercise on oxidative stress in Mongolian gerbils with penicillin-induced epilepsy

Aim: To evaluate the role of treadmill exercise on the oxidative stress in Mongolian gerbils with penicillin-induced epilepsy. Methods: This experimental study included 18 male Mongolian gerbils which were divided into three groups; sham-control group, penicillin group (500 units) and exercise + penicillin (500 units) group. Each animal group was composed of six Mongolian gerbils. The epileptiform activity was verified by electrocorticographic recordings.  Results: The latency of the penicillin+exercise group was longer than the penicillin group, but this difference was not statistically significant. Following the penicillin administration, spike wave frequencies of epileptiform activity in the 10, 30, and 35 minutes were significantly lower in the penicillin+exercise group, compared with the penicillin group. There were generally significant decreases in the spike wave amplitude medians in the penicillin+exercise groups compared with the penicillin group in all time periods between 0 and 5 minutes. The serum superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels increased in the penicillin+exercise group compared with those in the penicillin group.  Conclusion: The results of present study indicate that regular exercise may contribute to the amelioration of epileptic activity by increasing the antioxidant effect. Keywords: Penicillin-induced epilepsy; treadmill exercise; oxidative stress; Mongolian gerbils.                  &nbsp

Can gestational exercise have a positive effect on cognitive functions resulting from brain injury? A rat study

Aim: The effects of gestational exercise on potential pathological conditions is not known yet.  Therefore, in the present study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of forced running exercise on LPS-induced brain damage in pregnant rats. Method: Pregnant females in the experimental group were forced to exercise 30 min daily for five days a week. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced brain injury model was created by administering 500 µg/kg body weight of LPS on gestational days 18 and 19.   To evaluate injury histopathologically, brain tissues were fixed at the postnatal day seven through transcardial perfusion (n=4 pups/group). When the remaining pups reached 30-day of age, Morris water maze test (MWM) was performed to assess memory and learning, open filed (OP) and elevated plus maze (EPM) for testing anxiety, and Porsolt test (PT) for evaluating depression. The groups were defined as brain injury group (BI, n=13) and exercise+brain injury group (E+BI, n=7).  Results: The results obtained from MWM test indicated that animals found the platform in a shorter duration and distance at the day five compared to the day three. However, there was no significant difference between the groups. No significant difference was found in OP test regarding the distance traveled, time spent at the margins, movement at the center and the time spent as immobile. However, in the EPM test, the offspring at the BI group displayed higher mobility and increased number of entry to the open arms compared to the E+BI groups (p=0.01).  There was no significant difference regarding mobility duration and total distance traveled in the PT test. Conclusion: In the present study, we tested the impact of gestational exercise using the brain injury model. The results of the EPM test suggests that the gestational exercise can suppress the stress factors in the pregnant females with brain injury leading to the prevention of hyperactivity-induced negative learning behavior

AMELIORATING EFFECT OF HAWTHORN (CRATAEGUS OXYACANTHA) AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON ACUTE PENICILLIN INDUCED SEIZURES IN GERBILS

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of Hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) and physical activity. We studied its effect on penicilline induced epilepticus (Pie) in gerbils. Pie was induced by administration of penicilline G (500 IU, ip). The gerbils were divided randomly in four groups (6 animals per each group) and studied as described below: 1) Control group 2) Exercise group (30 min/each day for 8 weeks) (Eg) 3) Extract group, 50mg/kg/day/animal in 1 ml saline, 3 h prior to exercise (Exe) 4) Exercise+Extract + (Exe+Ex). The severity of Pie was observed and recorded. The means of latencies (Mean±SE) were 236±45, 369±36, 386±58 and 433±37 ms in groups of control, Exe, Ex, and Exe+Ex respectively. The mean spike latency significantly (P=0,033 F=3,560) decreased in Exe, Ex and Exe+Ex when compared control. Although spike frequency significantly (

Effect of ATP-dependent channel modulators on ischemia-induced arrhythmia change depending on age and gender

Orallar, Hayriye/0000-0002-0000-3768; YASAR, Selcuk/0000-0002-9677-8823; YASAR, SELCUK/0000-0002-9677-8823; Yasar, Selcuk/0000-0002-7529-9751WOS: 000324914200009PubMed: 24000380The number of ATP-dependent potassium channels in myocardial cells has been previously shown to change depending on gender and age. Different effects of the ATP-dependent potassium channel blocker, glybenclamide and ATP-dependent potassium channel opener, pinacidil on ischemia or reperfusion-induced arrhythmia observed in various research might depend on different ages and genders of the animals used. The aim of this study is to research the effect of ATP-dependent potassium channel modulators on ischemia-induced arrhythmia in animals of different ages and genders. Sprague-Dawley rats of different ages and genders were used in this study. Ischemia was produced by the ligation of the left coronary artery for 30 min. Electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure, infarct area and blood glucose were determined during the 30 min of ischemia. An arrhythmia score from an ECG recorded during 30 min of ischemia was determined by examining the duration and type of arrhythmia. Different effects of glybenclamide and pinacidil on the arrhythmias were observed in male and female young and middle-age rats. Pinacidil decreased the infarct zone in younger female rats, but differences in the type and length of ischemia-induced arrhythmias between females and males disappeared in older age. The results of this study showed that the effect of ATP-dependent potassium channel modulators on ischemia-induced arrhythmia changed due to the age and gender of rats.Abant Izzet Baysal University Research FundAbant Izzet Baysal University [2010.03.01.340]We thank Abant Izzet Baysal University Research Fund for supporting this study-project number: 2010.03.01.340

Effects of an Extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza on a Penicillin-Induced Epilepsy Model in Rats

Orallar, Hayriye/0000-0002-0000-3768WOS: 000361988900008In a penciling-induced epilepsy model, Wistar rats (16 males, 16 females) were i.p. administered with an extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SmE; total dose 50 mg/kg) once a day for 15 days. The rats were divided into four equal groups, control and SmE-treated for each sex. After the treatment period, an epilepsy model was produced by penicillin G injection (500 IU) into the motor cortex; the electrocorticogram (EcoG) was recorded for 120 min, and statistical analysis was performed. In the male control group with penicillin-induced epilepsy, the spike frequency was significantly (P 0.05). Thus, the SmE exerts anticonvulsant effects in the male rat group, while its effect should be characterized as proconvulsant in the female group in the penicillin-induced epilepsy model. The difference (related to the presence of estrogen analogs in the SmE) is determined by dissimilar hormonal backgrounds in males and females. The SmE may be considered as the base for development of anticonvulsant drugs for clinical therapy of epilepsy in the future

Galanin ve Egzersizin Ratlarda Anksiyete Üzerine Etkisinin Açık Alan ve Yükseltilmiş Artı Labirent Testleri ile Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Anksiyete, kaygı olarak bilinen, günlük yaşamda normal kabul edilen ve organizmayı korumak amaçlı gelişen bir davranış türüdür. Bu çalışmanın amacı egzersizle birlikte verilen eksojen galaninin anksiyete üzerine etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada 96 yetişkin erkek Wistar Albino rat kullanıldı. Ratlar on ikişerli 8 gruba ayrıldı ve 4 gruba 6 hafta boyunca düzenli egzersiz yaptırıldı. Grupların yarısına galanin intraperitonal (IP) ve intraserebroventriküler (ICV) şekilde verildi ve her grubun kendi kontrol grubuna da aynı yöntemlerle salin enjekte edildi. Altıncı hafta sonunda ratlara açık alan ve yükseltilmiş artı labirent testleri uygulanarak kamera kayıtları alındı. Her iki testin de kayıtları incelenerek elde edilen katedilen toplam mesafeler ve hız değerleri ile açık alan testinde merkezde geçirilen süre ve yükseltilmiş artı labirent testinde kapalı kolda geçirilen süre karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Açık alan testinde, genel olarak ICV enjeksiyon yapılan ratlarda, IP enjeksiyon yapılan ratlara göre katedilen toplam mesafenin (p<0,001) ve hızın arttığı (p<0,001) tespit edilmiştir. Egzersiz ve galanin etkileşimi açısından bakıldığında da anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiş, yine ICV galanin verilen ratlarda IP galanin verilen ratlara kıyasla katedilen toplam mesafenin (p=0,032) ve hızın (p=0,010) arttığı görülmüştür. Yükseltilmiş artı labirent testinde de egzersiz ve galanin etkileşimi istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmamış, enjeksiyon şekli ve verilen madde etkileşiminin ise kapalı kolda kalış süresi (p=0,020) ve hız (p=0,032) açısından anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Sonuç: Galaninin santral olarak verilmesinin anksiyolitik etkinliği olabileceği gösterilmekle birlikte bu etkinin egzersizle birlikte değişmediği, galanin ile birlikte egzersiz uygulamasının bu etkinlik üzerine herhangi bir etkisi olmadığı belirlenmiştir

The effects of ATP-dependent potassium channel opener; pinacidil, and blocker; glibenclamide, on the ischemia induced arrhythmia in partial and complete ligation of coronary artery in rats

YASAR, Selcuk/0000-0002-9677-8823; YASAR, SELCUK/0000-0002-9677-8823; Orallar, Hayriye/0000-0002-0000-3768WOS: 000352442100012PubMed: 25810894Objective(s): Electrical inhomogeneity between ischemic and non ischemic myocardium is the basis of arrhythmia which occurs following coronary artery occlusion. The leakage of potassium from the ischemic region to the non ischemic region is very effective in the generation of these arrhythmias. The aim of this study is to research the effect of ATP-dependent potassium (K-ATP) channel blocker (glibenclamide) and opener (pinacidil) on ischemia induced arrhythmia in the presence of small and large infarct sizes. Materials and Methods: In this study Sprague-Dawley male rats of 8-9 months of age were used. Ischemia was produced by the partial ligation of left coronary artery ramus descending (PL) for smaller infarct and complete ligation of this artery (CL) for larger infarct for 30 min. The arrhythmia score which was calculated from the duration and type of arrhythmia was significantly higher in animals which had a larger infarct area than the animals which had a smaller infarct. Results: Glibenclamide increased the rate of arrhythmia in animals having smaller infarct but not in animals having larger infarct. Pinacidil did not affect the occurrence of arrhythmia in either group. There was a significant difference in the infarct size and risk of infarct zone between animals which had small and large infarct sizes. The effect of glibenclamide and pinacidil on the arrhythmias differed depend on decrease of infarct size. Conclusion: Glibenclamide is not effective to decrease ischemia induced arrhythmia in the presence of small and pinacidil in large ischemic zone.research fund of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu TurkeyAbant Izzet Baysal UniversityThis study was supported financially by the research fund of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu Turkey. Some part of the results described in this paper is presented as MSc thesis in Biology Department of Faculty of Science, Abant Izzet Baysal University

Investigation of Anxiolytic Effects of Meprobamate for Pharmaceuticals Determination of a New Derivative of Mepronarilmate Composes

Orallar, Hayriye/0000-0002-0000-3768; CETINKAYA, Ayhan/0000-0002-8212-7149WOS: 000383578300194

The Effect of Galanin and Exercise on Depression in Rats

Orallar, Hayriye/0000-0002-0000-3768WOS: 000419806200147

Gender Specificity of Genistein Treatment in Penicillin-Induced Epileptiform Activity in Rats

Orallar, Hayriye/0000-0002-0000-3768; CETINKAYA, Ayhan/0000-0002-8212-7149; Ankarali, Handan Camdeviren/0000-0002-3613-0523; ankarali, seyit/0000-0003-3752-0846WOS: 000398197300006We investigated gender-dependent differences of genistein (isoflavone phytoestrogen) treatment in a penicillin-induced experimental epilepsy rat model. Twenty-eight adult Wistar Albino rats (14 females and 14 males) were devided into four groups, control and genistein-treatmed males and females. Genistein (100 mu g/kg, i.p) or saline was given during 15 days before the electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings. The epileptiform activity was induced by penicillin G potassium salt (500 IU) injections into the left somatomotor cortex. Significant differences among the groups were found in the latency to onset of epileptiform activity. This value in the female control group was significantly longer than the latencies in the male control, male genistein, and female genistein groups (respectively, P = 0.002, 0.015, and 0.032). There were no significant differences regarding the spike/wave frequencies and amplitudes in epileptiform activity between female/male genistein and control groups within all observation intervals (P > 0.05). Thus, genistein exerts a proconvulsant effect in the penicillin-induced epilepsy model, and the effect demonstrates the clear gender specificity related to the specificity of hormonal backgrounds in males and females