Islam as a missional religion

Originally published in: Svensk missionstidskrift = Swedish missiological themes, vol. 94(2006) p. 55-79, see http://www.teol.uu.se/digitalAssets/6/6177_SMT4_04.pdf. - A response to an article of Lisbeth Mikaelsson in the same issue: "Missional religion – with special emphasis on Buddhism, Christianity and Islam" (p. 523-538)

Folkelig religiøsitet og folkereligiøsitet

The article discusses the use of analytical categories like ”Folk Religion” and “Folk Religiosity” in studies of popular religious phenomena. A cluster of terms with similar definitions is identified and discussed, especially with regards to their dichotomic relations to another set of terms including Official Religion, Institutional Religion and Normative Religion. There are important keys to be found in the dichotomic relations between these terms with regards to how these concepts may be understood and function in scholarly works. As a specific term or set of terms may be integrated in a certain discourse, this involves also issues of power related to the choice of terms and how they are defined.publishedVersio

Folkelig religiøsitet og folkereligiøsitet

The article discusses the use of analytical categories like ”Folk Religion” and “Folk Religiosity” in studies of popular religious phenomena. A cluster of terms with similar definitions is identified and discussed, especially with regards to their dichotomic relations to another set of terms including Official Religion, Institutional Religion and Normative Religion. There are important keys to be found in the dichotomic relations between these terms with regards to how these concepts may be understood and function in scholarly works. As a specific term or set of terms may be integrated in a certain discourse, this involves also issues of power related to the choice of terms and how they are defined

Interfacial Microstructure Formation in Al7SiMg/Cu Compound Castings

Compound casting is an attractive approach to create multi-material components and thus reduce the overall weight, while maintaining both the functional and mechanical properties. In this work, Al7SiMg alloy/copper compound castings were produced by a low-pressure die casting process. A flux coating was applied on copper pipes to reduce the oxide layer present in the interface between Al and Cu. The interface layer formed between the two alloys was investigated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Vickers micro-hardness was also measured across the interface. Results showed that a continuous metallurgical bond formed between copper and aluminum without use of surface treatment. In the bond layer, various Al–Cu intermetallic phases were detected, as well as primary silicon particles and the quaternary phase Al5Cu2Mg8Si6. Flux coating prevented formation of any metallic bond between copper and aluminum. Instead, high concentrations of potassium, magnesium and fluorine, indicative of formation of KMgF3 and MgF2, were detected in the interface. The mechanism for the formation of the intermetallic phases and the strength of the interface layer have been discussed

Formation and evolution of the interfacial structure in Al/steel compound castings during solidification and heat treatment

In this work, Al7SiMg/steel compound castings were produced through a low-pressure die casting process. All steel inserts were galvanized, where half of them were flux-coated to further improve the wettability and remove interfacial oxide layers during casting. The reaction layer formed in the Al7SiMg/ steel interface was examined using Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). In addition, Vickers Micro-hardness was measured across the interface. Results show that successful metallurgical bonding can be achieved between aluminum and galvanized steel, both with and without additional flux coating. A large fraction of intermetallic particles formed at the reaction layer, where ternary Al4$5FeSi particles were the dominating phase. The influence of T6 heat treatment (solution treatment at 540 C, followed by artificial ageing) on the interfacial microstructure was also studied. After heat-treatment, the thickness of the interfacial layer increased significantly, due to the growth of b-Al4.5FeSi and AleFe binary particles into the bulk of steel. Consequently, cracks formed and propagated through the inner binary intermetallic layer. Formation mechanisms of various intermetallic phases at the interface during solidification and heat treatment have been discusse