Geographic clustering and network evolution of innovative activities: Evidence from China’s patents

This study examines the spatial distribution and social structure of processes of learning and knowledge creation within the context of the inventor network connecting Chinese patent teams. Results uncover mixed tendencies toward both geographic co-location and dispersion arising from combined processes of intra-cluster learning and extra-cluster networking. These processes unfold within a social network that becomes less fragmented over time: as a giant component emerges and increases in size, social distances among inventors become longer. The interplay between geographic and network proximity is assessed against China’s institutional environment. Implications of the findings are discussed for regional development and policy-making.clusters; knowledge transfer; social networks; patenting

A comprehensive educational approach to improving NCLEX‐RN pass rates

Background Nurse educators strive to find the best educational methods to prepare students in their attempt to pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX‐RN). The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of an online coaching program with Appreciative Advising and Emotional Intelligence education as combined educational strategies to improve student learning outcomes. Methods The study was conducted at a university in the Midwestern United States. The sample consisted of students in four graduating classes (2013, n = 15; 2014, n = 19; 2015, n = 18; and 2016, n = 17), who had followed supplemented program preparation in a prelicensure program. Electronic surveys were disseminated to determine satisfaction with student program supports through analysis of the mean overall average scoring of seven‐point Likert scale rates. NCLEX‐RN actual pass rates were reviewed to examine the quality of online coaching toward student preparation via a t test to compare the mean NCLEX‐RN pass rates before and after implementation. Results The students reported satisfaction with the additions of Appreciative Advising and Emotional Intelligence. NCLEX‐RN pass rates showed significant improvements with the combined program support additions. Conclusion The findings suggest that nursing schools that include student program support with an online coaching program can result in positive trends related to NCLEX‐RN pass rates

Prominence and Control: The Weighted Rich-Club Effect

Published in Physical Review Letters PRL 101, 168702 (2008)http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.168702. Copyright American Physical Society (APS).Publisher's note: Erratum in Phys Rev Lett. 2008 Oct 31;101(18):189903 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.18990

Hvordan bidrar rammeplanen for norsk sykepleierutdanning til akademisk profesjonskompetanse?

Rammeplanen for sykepleierutdanning er myndighetenes styringsredskap. Sykepleierutdanning fører fram til en autorisasjon og en bachelorgrad i sykepleie. Det første innvier studentene til en profesjon, det siste til en akademisk grad. Sykepleieryrket har klare profesjonstrekk og sentrale akademiske kjennetegn. Det blir vesentlig at rammeplanens innhold gjør det mulig å oppfylle utdanningens mandat – å utdanne selvstendige sykepleiere (Kunnskapsdepartementet, 2008c). Følgende problemstilling er reist: Hvordan bidrar rammeplanen til akademisk profesjonskompetanse i sykepleie? Hensikten med denne artikkelen er å vise på hvilke måter rammeplanen gir utdanningen føringer for utdanningsprogram som kan bidra både til profesjonskompetanse og til en akademisk bachelorgrad. Metoden som er benyttet er diskursanalyse. Resultatet av denne analysen har vist hvordan teksten i rammeplanen er instruerende i karakter. I en så vidt detaljstyrende tilnærming, kan den komme til å legge en tvangstrøye på utdanningen. En utdanning som detaljstyres og instrueres vanskeliggjør en kreativ og eksperimenterende utdanning som utdanner til selvstendige og fagkritiske aktører, noe som kjennetegner akademisk profesjonskompetanse

Hva kjennetegner kritisk tenkning?

Bakgrunn: Styringsdokumenter for norsk sykepleierutdanning vektlegger å utdanne til reflekterte og selvstendige sykepleiere. Kritisk tenkning som læringsutbytte er imidlertid ikke eksplisitt beskrevet. Sammenliknet med internasjonal sykepleierutdanning, har norsk sykepleierutdanning vært relativt lite opptatt av fenomenet kritisk tenkning. Hensikt: Hensikten med artikkelen er å presentere begrepet kritisk tenkning, slik det framkommer i sykepleieforskningslitteratur, og betydning for sykepleieutøvelse. Metode: Det er gjort en litteraturstudie, med systematiske søk i Cinahl-basen, med søkeord «critical thinking», «nursing education» og «nursing». I analysen er Aveyards (1) forenklete tilnærming («simplified approach») anvendt. Resultat: Kritisk tekning beskrives som et komplekst begrep med mange aspekter. Grunnelementene er beskrevet med både kognitive og affektive begreper. Tolkning av begrepsinnholdet i kritisk tenkning resulterte i en modell med fire hovedkategorier; akademiske disposisjoner og ferdigheter, praktiske disposisjoner og ferdigheter, holdningsrelaterte attributter, og innebygde motsetninger. Konklusjon: Kritisk tenkning er en hovedkomponent i målet for bachelorstudier i sykepleie i deler av verden. Kritisk tenkning ansees nødvendig for klinisk beslutningsdyktighet i praksis

Clones in Graphs

Finding structural similarities in graph data, like social networks, is a far-ranging task in data mining and knowledge discovery. A (conceptually) simple reduction would be to compute the automorphism group of a graph. However, this approach is ineffective in data mining since real world data does not exhibit enough structural regularity. Here we step in with a novel approach based on mappings that preserve the maximal cliques. For this we exploit the well known correspondence between bipartite graphs and the data structure formal context $(G,M,I)$ from Formal Concept Analysis. From there we utilize the notion of clone items. The investigation of these is still an open problem to which we add new insights with this work. Furthermore, we produce a substantial experimental investigation of real world data. We conclude with demonstrating the generalization of clone items to permutations.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl

Seeds Buffering for Information Spreading Processes

Seeding strategies for influence maximization in social networks have been studied for more than a decade. They have mainly relied on the activation of all resources (seeds) simultaneously in the beginning; yet, it has been shown that sequential seeding strategies are commonly better. This research focuses on studying sequential seeding with buffering, which is an extension to basic sequential seeding concept. The proposed method avoids choosing nodes that will be activated through the natural diffusion process, which is leading to better use of the budget for activating seed nodes in the social influence process. This approach was compared with sequential seeding without buffering and single stage seeding. The results on both real and artificial social networks confirm that the buffer-based consecutive seeding is a good trade-off between the final coverage and the time to reach it. It performs significantly better than its rivals for a fixed budget. The gain is obtained by dynamic rankings and the ability to detect network areas with nodes that are not yet activated and have high potential of activating their neighbours.Comment: Jankowski, J., Br\'odka, P., Michalski, R., & Kazienko, P. (2017, September). Seeds Buffering for Information Spreading Processes. In International Conference on Social Informatics (pp. 628-641). Springe

Ask a pathologist

This article answers the question: I ordered serologic testing for Lyme disease for one of my patients and I'm not sure how to interpret the results of the Western blot. The blot shows a few dark bands, but the report indicates it is not sufficient to definitively diagnose Lyme disease. Is it possible to have a "partial positive" result?Includes bibliographical reference