War of Attrition: Evidence from a Laboratory Experiment on Market Exit

We report an experiment designed to study whether inecient rms are systematically driven from overcrowded markets. We implement a series of 3800 wars of attrition of a type modeled in Fudenberg and Tirole (1986). Exit tends to be ecient and exit times conform reasonably well to point predictions of the model. Moreover, we nd that subjects respond similarly to implementations framed in terms of losses as they do to those framed in terms of gains.Market exit, war of attrition, experimental economics

The Geography of Non-formal Manifolds

We show that there exist non-formal compact oriented manifolds of dimension $n$ and with first Betti number $b_1=b\geq 0$ if and only if $n\geq 3$ and $b\geq 2$, or $n\geq (7-2b)$ and $0\leq b\leq 2$. Moreover, we present explicit examples for each one of these cases.Comment: 8 pages, one reference update

DEVELOPING SUPPLEMENTARY READING MATERIAL FOR GRADE 11 STUDENTS OF MULTIMEDIA STUDY PROGRAM AT SMK SYUBBANUL WATHON MAGELANG

ABSTRACT Nunun Nuki Erfiani. S891508031. 2018. Developing Supplementary Reading Material for Grade 11 Students of Multimedia Study Program at SMK Syubbanul Wathon Magelang. (A Research and Development Study). THESIS. Consultants: Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd (2) Dr. Suparno, M.Pd. Graduate Program of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University. This research is aimed at developing a supplementary reading material to fulfill students’ need in learning reading towards multimedia study program at vocational secondary school. The design of this research is Research and Development (R&D) which is proposed by Borg and Gall. This research was oriented to the product development and it was conducted in two main stages; (1) exploration stage and (2) product development stage. The exploration stage includes (1) literature review, (2) field study, and (3) need analysis. Meanwhile, the product development stage describes (1) prototype development, (2) experts’ judgement, and (3) try out. This research was conducted at SMK Syubbanul Wathon Magelang. There were an English teacher, two material experts, and students involved in this research. The data of the exploration stage were obtained through observation, interview, questionnaire distribution, and document analysis. Exploration stage was done to know the quality of the existing English textbook used at SMK Syubbanul Wathon Magelang and the students’ need towards reading material. The findings show that the existing textbook used to teach reading contains general English material and it is less specific to be used for the students of multimedia study program. Therefore, it implies that there should be a supplementary reading material developed in regard to provide the teacher and to provide the students’ specific need in learning reading. The supplementary reading material was developed by considering some aspects. It contains theoretical theories of English in vocational secondary schools, ESP, CBI, reading, material development, and material evaluation. Then, it was evaluated and reviewed through the experts’ judgement and tried out in class Jadda 3 to make the material feasible. Through observation, questionnaire distribution, and FGD, the prototype was revised to be the final product which is feasible for the English teachers to teach, for the students to study, and to develop all indicators of reading skill since the supplementary reading material provides (a) sufficient reading material; (b) interesting reading material; (c) multimedia-related themes; and (d) comprehension reading material. Keywords: multimedia study program, exploration stage, product development, supplementary reading materia

Slow equivariant lump dynamics on the two sphere

The low-energy, rotationally equivariant dynamics of n CP^1 lumps on S^2 is studied within the approximation of geodesic motion in the moduli space of static solutions. The volume and curvature properties of this moduli space are computed. By lifting the geodesic flow to the completion of an n-fold cover of the moduli space, a good understanding of nearly singular lump dynamics within this approximation is obtained.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Drug Repurposing: Far Beyond New Targets for Old Drugs

Repurposing drugs requires finding novel therapeutic indications compared to the ones for which they were already approved. This is an increasingly utilized strategy for finding novel medicines, one that capitalizes on previous investments while derisking clinical activities. This approach is of interest primarily because we continue to face significant gaps in the drug–target interactions matrix and to accumulate safety and efficacy data during clinical studies. Collecting and making publicly available as much data as possible on the target profile of drugs offer opportunities for drug repurposing, but may limit the commercial applications by patent applications. Certain clinical applications may be more feasible for repurposing than others because of marked differences in side effect tolerance. Other factors that ought to be considered when assessing drug repurposing opportunities include relevance to the disease in question and the intellectual property landscape. These activities go far beyond the identification of new targets for old drugs

Physiochemical property space distribution among human metabolites, drugs and toxins

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The current approach to screen for drug-like molecules is to sieve for molecules with biochemical properties suitable for desirable pharmacokinetics and reduced toxicity, using predominantly biophysical properties of chemical compounds, based on empirical rules such as Lipinski's "rule of five" (Ro5). For over a decade, Ro5 has been applied to combinatorial compounds, drugs and ligands, in the search for suitable lead compounds. Unfortunately, till date, a clear distinction between drugs and non-drugs has not been achieved. The current trend is to seek out drugs which show metabolite-likeness. In identifying similar physicochemical characteristics, compounds have usually been clustered based on some characteristic, to reduce the search space presented by large molecular datasets. This paper examines the similarity of current drug molecules with human metabolites and toxins, using a range of computed molecular descriptors as well as the effect of comparison to clustered data compared to searches against complete datasets.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We have carried out statistical and substructure functional group analyses of three datasets, namely human metabolites, drugs and toxin molecules. The distributions of various molecular descriptors were investigated. Our analyses show that, although the three groups are distinct, present-day drugs are closer to toxin molecules than to metabolites. Furthermore, these distributions are quite similar for both clustered data as well as complete or unclustered datasets.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The property space occupied by metabolites is dissimilar to that of drugs or toxin molecules, with current drugs showing greater similarity to toxins than to metabolites. Additionally, empirical rules like Ro5 can be refined to identify drugs or drug-like molecules that are clearly distinct from toxic compounds and more metabolite-like. The inclusion of human metabolites in this study provides a deeper insight into metabolite/drug/toxin-like properties and will also prove to be valuable in the prediction or optimization of small molecules as ligands for therapeutic applications.</p

Non-linearity and related features of Makyoh (magic-mirror) imaging

Non-linearity in Makyoh (magic-mirror) imaging is analyzed using a geometrical optical approach. The sources of non-linearity are identified as (1) a topological mapping of the imaged surface due to surface gradients, (2) the hyperbolic-like dependence of the image intensity on the local curvatures, and (3) the quadratic dependence of the intensity due to local Gaussian surface curvatures. Criteria for an approximate linear imaging are given and the relevance to Makyoh-topography image evaluation is discussed

Transition from ballistic to diffusive behavior of graphene ribbons in the presence of warping and charged impurities

We study the effects of the long-range disorder potential and warping on the conductivity and mobility of graphene ribbons using the Landauer formalism and the tight-binding p-orbital Hamiltonian. We demonstrate that as the length of the structure increases the system undergoes a transition from the ballistic to the diffusive regime. This is reflected in the calculated electron density dependencies of the conductivity and the mobility. In particular, we show that the mobility of graphene ribbons varies as mu(n) n^(-lambda), with 0<lambda<0.5. The exponent lambda depends on the length of the system with lambda=0.5 corresponding to short structures in the ballistic regime, whereas the diffusive regime lambda=0 (when the mobility is independent on the electron density) is reached for sufficiently long structures. Our results can be used for the interpretation of experimental data when the value of lambda can be used to distinguish the transport regime of the system (i.e. ballistic, quasi-ballistic or diffusive). Based on our findings we discuss available experimental results