Country and destination image perception of mass tourists: generation comparison

The aim of this study is to determine whether the generations make a difference in the perception of destination image of tourists. The study is carried between July-October 2019 at Antalya Airport International Terminals with 806 departing tourists. While CHAID analysis is performed for discovering age groups, multiple correspondence analysis is used to detect intersections and distinctions among destination image perceptions of tourists from different generations. Baby boomers have the highest destination experience and have more positive evaluation compared to Gen-X. Gen-Z outstands as a group with the least positive perception of destination and country image. Gen-Y has the most positive evaluation, thus some of the women in Gen-Y are young mothers and prefer all-inclusive system at their holiday.No sponso

The Effect of the Toothbrushing and Surface Treatments on the Surface Roughness of Interim Crown Materials Used for Conventional, Subtractive, and Additive Manufacturing Techniques: An in Vitro Study

Background: This study aimed to compare the effect of the surface treatment and toothbrushing abrasion on the surface roughness of interim crown material specimens manufactured using conventional, subtractive, and additive processing techniques. Material and methods: 80 disk-shaped specimens were prepared from 4 different interim crown materials; one auto-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA);(IM) and one bis-acryl composite resin;(AC) for conventional technique, one computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) PMMA block;(TC) for subtractive process, one 3-dimensionally (3D) printed resin;(CB) for additive process. Specimens of each interim crown material were divided into two subgroups according to applied surface treatments; conventional polishing or surface sealant agent coupling (n=10). The surface roughness values of specimens before (Ra0) and after 10,000 cycles of toothbrushing (Ra1) were measured with a profilometer. Data were statistically analyzed. Results: The polished groups of all interim crown materials showed significantly higher Ra0 values compared to the sealant groups before toothbrushing (p˂0.05). While the polished IM groups exhibited the highest Ra0 value (0.44±0.08), the sealed TC groups exhibited the lowest Ra0 value (0.23±0.06). The Ra values of all material groups increased after simulated 1-year toothbrushing. While the polished IM group exhibited the highest Ra1 value (0.45±0.14), the sealed CB group had the lowest Ra1 value (0.31±0.09). Conclusion: It was observed that toothbrushing caused an increase in the surface roughness of all interim materials. The application of a surface sealant agent to these materials is more effective than polishing to reduce surface roughness. Sealed 3D printed resin for additive process exhibited the lowest mean roughness value after toothbrushing. Keywords: Additive Manufactured, Interim Crown Material, Roughness, Subtractive Manufactured, Toothbrushing Abrasio

Successful Treatment of Mushroom Poisoning with Silybin: A Case Report

Although up to 100 of them known to be toxic, there are more than 5,000 mushroom species in the world. Of these, the most poisonous species belong to Amanita and Gallerina species. Alpha- and beta-amanita toxins which are associated with serious liver, kidney and central nervous system damage is produced by Amanita phalloides which is responsible for 90% of fatal mushroom poisoning in Turkey. Two cases that we aimed to present are two male patients aged 55 and 42 who collected and consumed mushrooms in the forest. The patients were admitted to the county state hospital with complaints of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and fatigue after 18 and 24 hours. Patients with increased liver function tests were referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment, and they were discharged after successful treatment in our intensive care unit

HEALTHY LIFESTYLE BEHAVIOURS AND RELATED FACTORS OF MEDICAL SCHOOL STUDENTS

Amaç: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi'nde 2011-2012 öğretim yılında birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarını, etkileyen etmenleri belirlemektir. Yöntemler: Araştırma kesitsel tiptedir. Bağımlı değişken; sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışıdır. Bağımsız değişkenler cinsiyet, kalınan yer, en uzun süre yaşanan yer, ekonomik durum ve sağlık algısı, anne- babanın öğrenimi, hane reisinin yaptığı iş, kronik hastalık varlığıdır. Veri öğrencilerin kendilerinin yanıtladığı anketle toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde t testi, Mann-Whitney U, Varyans Analizi, Kruskall Wallis Varyans Analizi, kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Parçalanmış aileye sahip olanlar olmayanlara göre; ailesiyle yaşayanlar yurtta kalanlara göre; sağlık algısı orta olanlar çok iyi- iyilere göre anlamlı olarak daha fazla fizik aktivite yapmaktadır. Ekonomik durum algısı kötü-en kötü olanların orta ve çok iyi-iyilere göre manevi gelişimleri ve toplam puanları; çok iyi-iyilere göre kişilerarası ilişkileri anlamlı olarak daha kötüdür. Sonuç: Ailesiyle birlikte yaşayanlar, parçalanmış aileye sahip olanlar, sağlık algısı orta olanlar, ekonomik durum algısı yüksek olanlar daha sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışına sahiptir Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine healthy lifestyle behaviours and affecting factors of first year students who attend to Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine for 2011-2012 academic year. Methods: The study design is cross-sectional.The study included 215 first year students who attend to Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine. Dependent variable was healthy lifestyle behaviour. Independent variables were gender, residence, the setting for long term residence, economic status and health perception, educational level of mother and father, job of the head of household, presence of chronic disease. Data were collected with self administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed with t test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis Analysis of Variance. Results: The students who have fragmented family compared to ones without; the students who live with their family compared to ones living at dormitory; the students whose health perception is mild compared to ones with good- very good health perception were more physically active. Spiritual development and total scores of the students,whose economic status perception was bad-the worst, were lower compared to the students with mild and good- very good economic status perception.. Interpersonal relations of the students were lower among those with bad-the worst economic status perception compared to ones with good- very good economic status perception is. Conclusion: The students who live with their family; the students who have fragmented family; the students whose health perception is mild; the students whose economic status perception is good-very good were more healty lifestyle behaviours score

The Evaluation of Exogenous Melatonin Administration in Supraspinatus Overuse Tendinopathy in an Experimental Rat Model

Background Increased oxidative stress and inflammation play a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of chronic tendinopathy. Melatonin is an endogenous molecule that exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical and histopathological effects of exogenous melatonin administrations in supraspinatus overuse tendinopathy. Methods Fifty rats were divided into the following four groups: cage activity, melatonin treatment, corticosteriod therapy, and control. Melatonin (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal; twice a day) and triamcinolone (0.3 mg/kg, subacromial; weekly) were administered to the treatment groups after the overuse period. Biochemical and histopathological evaluations were performed on serum samples and biopsies obtained from rats. Plasma inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were evaluated biochemically. Results The TAS, TOS, OSI, iNOS, and VEGF values were significantly lower than the pre-treatment levels in rats receiving exogenous melatonin treatment (3 or 6 weeks) (p<0.05). TOS, iNOS, VEGF, and OSI values after 3 weeks of triamcinolone administration, and TOS, VEGF, and OSI levels after 6 weeks of triamcinolone application, were significantly lower than the pre-treatment levels (p<0.05). Conclusions Exogenous melatonin application in overuse tendinopathy reduces oxidative stress and inflammation. Melatonin might be an alternative potential molecule to corticosteroids in the treatment of chronic tendinopathy

Evaluation of patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: Preliminary results from the Turk-UIP study

OBJECTIVE: Differential diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is important among fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILD). This study aimed to evaluate the rate of IPF in patients with fibrotic ILD and to determine the clinical-laboratory features of patients with and without IPF that would provide the differential diagnosis of IPF. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included the patients with the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern or possible UIP pattern on thorax high-resolution computed tomography, and/or UIP pattern, probable UIP or possible UIP pattern at lung biopsy according to the 2011 ATS/ERSARS/ALAT guidelines. Demographics and clinical and radiological data of the patients were recorded. All data recorded by researchers was evaluated by radiology and the clinical decision board. RESULTS: A total of 336 patients (253 men, 83 women, age 65.8 +/- 9.0 years) were evaluated. Of the patients with sufficient data for diag-nosis (n=300), the diagnosis was IPF in 121 (40.3%), unclassified idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in 50 (16.7%), combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) in 40 (13.3%), and lung involvement of connective tissue disease (CTD) in 16 (5.3%). When 29 patients with definite IPF features were added to the patients with CPFE, the total number of IPF patients reached 150 (50%). Rate of male sex (p<0.001), smoking history (p<0.001), and the presence of clubbing (p=0.001) were significantly high in patients with IPE None of the women <50 years and none of the men <50 years of age without a smoking history were diagnosed with IPE Presence of at least 1 of the symptoms suggestive of CTD, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and antinuclear antibody (FANA) positivity rates were significantly higher in the non-IPF group (p<0.001, p=0.029, p=0.009, respectively). CONCLUSION: The rate of IPF among patients with fibrotic ILD was 50%. In the differential diagnosis of IPF, sex, smoking habits, and the presence of clubbing are important. The presence of symptoms related to CTD, ESR elevation, and EANA positivity reduce the likelihood of IPF

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P &lt; 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely