Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

We show the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three genomic nomenclature systems to all sequence data from the World Health Organization European Region available until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation, compare the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2

MEMS cold gas microthruster on Ursa Maior CubeSat

The Sapienza aerospace research center (CRAS) is involved in the design and manufacturing of a cold gas micropropulsion system for attitude control to be tested on board the Ursa Maior CubeSat in the frame of the QB50 project. The main goal is to design and test a new integrated MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) valve-nozzle system. The whole system is designed to fit in a 1/2 U of the CubeSat. The MEMS nozzle and valve are manufactured by means of innovative techniques: the present MEMS nozzle has an axis symmetric geometry and it is controlled by a MEMS valve which works mainly like an electromagnetic valve. The micropropulsion test consists in providing a constant thrust for a given amount of time and measuring the angular velocity induced by the thruster on the CubeSat by means of the IMU. Reliability and repeatability will be confirmed by 10 tests at the same nominal thrust. Copyright © 2013 by the International Astronautical Federation. All rights reserved

Plastic cubf.sat for micropropulsion and active debris removal test

This paper describes the design and the manufacturing of the 3U Cubesat URSA MAIOR (University of Rome la SApienza Micropropulsion for Attitude and In Orbit debris Removal testing), designed in collaboration between the II Faculty of Engineering of Bologna University and the Centro Ricerca Aerospaziale Sapienza (CRAS). The Cubesat is developed in the framework of the QB50 project, leaded by the Von Karman Institute For Fluid Dynamics, and will host a sensor set for atmosphere parameters analysis. Despite its small size, this Cubesat is a complete platform for space experiments, with a system for active attitude control, a redundant telecommunication system and a high efficiency power control system. This allows to perform complex experiments, in addition to the QB50 one. These include, in the same mission, the test of a micropropulsion system, in order to verify the effectiveness and the efficiency of a MEMS cold gas micro-thruster, a miniaturized three axis attitude control system developed in house, and a space debris remediation technique and the related systems, based on a bi-component polyurethanic foam specifically developed for operation in space. In addition, the Cubesat structure, realized using a polymeric material and the technique of rapid prototyping, thanks to the equipment provided by the V-Lab of the II Faculty of Engineering of University of Bologna, is a technological experiment in itself. The satellite architecture, the subsystems development, assembly and ground testing is described.©2012 by the International Astronautical Federation

Abnormalities of resting-state EEG in patients with prodromal and overt dementia with Lewy bodies:Relation to clinical symptoms

Objective: Here we tested if cortical sources of resting state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms may differ in sub-groups of patients with prodromal and overt dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) as a function of relevant clinical symptoms.Methods: We extracted clinical, demographic and rsEEG datasets in matched DLB patients (N = 60) and control Alzheimer's disease (AD, N = 60) and healthy elderly (Nold, N = 60) seniors from our international database. The eLORETA freeware was used to estimate cortical rsEEG sources.Results: As compared to the Nold group, the DLB and AD groups generally exhibited greater spatially distributed delta source activities (DLB > AD) and lower alpha source activities posteriorly (AD > DLB). As compared to the DLB ``controls", the DLB patients with (1) rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorders showed lower central alpha source activities (p < 0.005); (2) greater cognitive deficits exhibited higher parietal and central theta source activities as well as higher central, parietal, and occipital alpha source activities (p < 0.01); (3) visual hallucinations pointed to greater parietal delta source activities (p < 0.005).Conclusions: Relevant clinical features were associated with abnormalities in spatial and frequency features of rsEEG source activities in DLB patients.Significance: Those features may be used as neurophysiological surrogate endpoints of clinical symptoms in DLB patients in future cross-validation prospective studies.Ministry of Health, Italy; H2020 Marie S. Curie ITN-ETN project; H2020-TWINN-2015 projec