Vehicle Motion Tracking

A number of challenges are associated with vehicles and their operation in the driving environment. As one example, vehicles may be involved in a crash or accident which might injure the vehicle passengers. As another example, road conditions such as potholes, roadwork, or other complications may develop and change over time. It would be useful for both vehicle operators and for entities charged with maintaining road conditions (e.g., a “Department of Transportation”) to have real time, up-to-date knowledge of the issues described above

Lead contamination in soil and vegetation of areas surrounding different mining activity zones in Kerman Province of Iran

Lead (Pb) is a toxic element that was used for many years in products found in our environment. One of The most serious sources that Pb can be emitted into the environment is industrial and mining activities. A study was carried out, samples collections from soil and wastewater in Ghanat Marvan lead mine, Tarz lead mine, Shahid Bahonar Copper Industries Company (CSP), Industrial zone No.1 and Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex in Kerman province. The results show that Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex soil sample had Pb content less than other sites. Lead concentration in industrial wastewater in Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex and CSP did not show significantly different with Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standard. Positive correlation was shown between the Pb in wastewater and plant concentration. The results show significant negative correlation between waste pH and Pb in industrial waste, plant and soil. Also the results show that Acantholimon sp. and Astragalus glancanthus were dominant plant in two mines upon floristic quantities assay. Lead concentration was 15.8 mg/kg DW and 1.61 mg/kg DW in Ghanat Marvan and Tarz soil respectively. According to these finding we recognized that these plant were the best hyper accumulator in lead mines.Keywords: Acantholimon sp., Astragalus glancanthus, hyperaccumulators, Kerman province, lea

Spontaneous Charging and Crystallization of Water Droplets in Oil

We study the spontaneous charging and the crystallization of spherical micron-sized water-droplets dispersed in oil by numerically solving, within a Poisson-Boltzmann theory in the geometry of a spherical cell, for the density profiles of the cations and anions in the system. We take into account screening, ionic Born self-energy differences between oil and water, and partitioning of ions over the two media. We find that the surface charge density of the droplet as induced by the ion partitioning is significantly affected by the droplet curvature and by the finite density of the droplets. We also find that the salt concentration and the dielectric constant regime in which crystallization of the water droplets is predicted is enhanced substantially compared to results based on the planar oil-water interface, thereby improving quantitative agreement with recent experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted for publicatio

Bailout Embeddings, Targeting of KAM Orbits, and the Control of Hamiltonian Chaos

We present a novel technique, which we term bailout embedding, that can be used to target orbits having particular properties out of all orbits in a flow or map. We explicitly construct a bailout embedding for Hamiltonian systems so as to target KAM orbits. We show how the bailout dynamics is able to lock onto extremely small KAM islands in an ergodic sea.Comment: 3 figures, 9 subpanel

Stability of additive-free water-in-oil emulsions

We calculate ion distributions near a planar oil-water interface within non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann theory, taking into account the Born self-energy of the ions in the two media. For unequal self-energies of cations and anions, a spontaneous charge separation is found such that the water and oil phase become oppositely charged, in slabs with a typical thickness of the Debye screening length in the two media. From the analytical solutions, the corresponding interfacial charge density and the contribution to the interfacial tension is derived, together with an estimate for the Yukawa-potential between two spherical water droplets in oil. The parameter regime is explored where the plasma coupling parameter exceeds the crystallization threshold, i.e. where the droplets are expected to form crystalline structures due to a strong Yukawa repulsion, as recently observed experimentally. Extensions of the theory that we discuss briefly include numerical calculations on spherical water droplets in oil, and analytical calculations of the linear PB-equation for a finite oil-water interfacial width.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted by JPCM for proceedings of LMC

Diprosopus, spina bifida and kyphoscoliosis in a lamb - a case report

Conjoined twinning has been reported in most domestic animal species. It occurs extremely rarely in horses, occasionally in dogs and cats and more commonly in cattle than in the other ruminants. A pregnant ewe was referred to the Veterinary Clinic of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman for dystocia, and a male dicephalic lamb was delivered, which survived for 8 hours. It was a co-twin to another male lamb which was clinically normal. After macroscopic and C.T. examination the lamb was carefully dissected and histopathologic slices from the testis, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, kidneys, lung, fore stomachs and abomasum were taken, prepared routinely and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. In this study the anomalies which were seen can be categorized to complete and incomplete duplication, lack of fusion and axial deviation

Avicenna’s Educational Views with Emphasis on the Education of Hygiene and Wellness

Today, on the contrary of the last ten decades, the necessity of teaching hygienic issues, and caring the children’s health, is pretty obvious. Avicenna (10 AC), the famous Iranian physician and philosopher, scrutinized the health and hygiene with a deep insight to the matter. He considered the wellness not only as the recovery from the disease, but emphasized the maintenance of health by suggesting special points and instructions. In Islamic education, paying attention to cleanliness, health and physical strength is very important and considered as the intermediate goals for the achievement of “pure life”, which is the ultimate goal. Avicenna paid special attention to physical purity, health and wellness, and devoted the major parts of his book to them. The present article analyzes the Avicenna’s educational opinions, specially his viewpoints regarding hygiene and health in three stages of childhood, teenage years, and yout

Effects of carrageenan as elicitor to stimulate defense responses of basil against Cuscuta campestris Yunck

Cuscuta campestris is a holostemparasitic plant that obtains its resources from its hosts. Sweet basil is an important commercial plant, widely cultivated in many countries. It is a common host for C. campestris. Generally, C. campestris has negative effect on the growth of infected plants and its infestation is difficult to control. Therefore, environmental friendly control of C. campestris seems to be useful. In this work, the relationship between C. campestris and its host, sweet basil, and effects of κ-carrageenan on protection against C. campestris and suppression of its invasion were studied. Basil was sprayed with a solution of carrageenan at a final concentration of 1 g L–1, once a week, 3 times in total. Infection of basil with C. campestris was performed 2 days after the last carrageenan treatment and the plants were collected two weeks after C. campestris attachment. In this study, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity (PAL), phenolic, flavonoids and antioxidant content increased remarkably in the basil plants parasitized with C. campestris, and therefore it seems that the parasitic plant induced a defense response in the host plants. Treatment with carrageenan significantly increased shoot length and leaf area of basil and decreased C. campestris infestation by about 26%. Carrageenan treatment caused a significant increase in PAL activity, phenols, antioxidant and lignin content in basil. Thus, the present observation suggested the phenylpropanoid pathway was activated and defense responses were stimulated. Our results showed that carrageenan spraying induced beneficial effects in plants, corresponding to growth stimulation and defense compound synthesis. Thus carrageenan treatment is recommended as a natural biostimulator for the protection of plants against C. campestris