12,448 research outputs found
Ab initio theory of Fano resonances in plasmonic nanostructures and metamaterials
An ab initio theory for Fano resonances in plasmonic nanostructures and
metamaterials is developed using Feshbach formalism. It reveals the role played
by the electromagnetic modes and material losses in the system, and enables the
engineering of Fano resonances in arbitrary geometries. A general formula for
the asymmetric resonance in a non-conservative system is derived. The influence
of the electromagnetic interactions on the resonance line shape is discussed
and it is shown that intrinsic losses drive the resonance contrast, while its
width is mostly determined by the coupling strength between the non-radiative
mode and the continuum. The analytical model is in perfect agreement with
numerical simulations.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
L'assainissement non collectif en France : Analyse statistique de la qualité des eaux usées traitées de 240 installations
S2SMALL, Nantes, FRA, 23-/10/2017 - 26/10/2017International audienceAn assessment of on-site sanitation systems began in 2011 to evaluate their efficiency. Data were collected from 240 on-site sanitation facilities in 22 French departments which cover 5 of the 6 Water Agency territories. The parameters analysed at the outlet are TSS, COD, BOD 5 , NH 4 + -N, NO 3 - -N and TKN. The aim of this article is to describe the outlet effluent quality and explain the data dispersion by analyzing the impact of explanatory variables such as i) the sampling method, ii) the treatment processes, iii) the applied organic load, iv) the aging and v) the maintenance
Nonlocal First-Order Hamilton-Jacobi Equations Modelling Dislocations Dynamics
We study nonlocal first-order equations arising in the theory of
dislocations. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of these
equations in the case of positive and negative velocities, under suitable
regularity assumptions on the initial data and the velocity. These results are
based on new -type estimates on the viscosity solutions of first-order
Hamilton-Jacobi Equations appearing in the so-called ``level-sets approach''.
Our work is inspired by and simplifies a recent work of Alvarez, Cardaliaguet
and Monneau
A mirrorless spinwave resonator
Optical resonance is central to a wide range of optical devices and
techniques. In an optical cavity, the round-trip length and mirror reflectivity
can be chosen to optimize the circulating optical power, linewidth, and
free-spectral range (FSR) for a given application. In this paper we show how an
atomic spinwave system, with no physical mirrors, can behave in a manner that
is analogous to an optical cavity. We demonstrate this similarity by
characterising the build-up and decay of the resonance in the time domain, and
measuring the effective optical linewidth and FSR in the frequency domain. Our
spinwave is generated in a 20 cm long Rb gas cell, yet it facilitates an
effective FSR of 83 kHz, which would require a round-trip path of 3.6 km in a
free-space optical cavity. Furthermore, the spinwave coupling is controllable
enabling dynamic tuning of the effective cavity parameters.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
Accelerating relativistic reference frames in Minkowski space-time
We study accelerating relativistic reference frames in Minkowski space-time
under the harmonic gauge. It is well-known that the harmonic gauge imposes
constraints on the components of the metric tensor and also on the functional
form of admissible coordinate transformations. These two sets of constraints
are equivalent and represent the dual nature of the harmonic gauge. We explore
this duality and show that the harmonic gauge allows presenting an accelerated
metric in an elegant form that depends only on two harmonic potentials. It also
allows reconstruction of the spatial structure of the post-Galilean coordinate
transformation functions relating inertial and accelerating frames. The
remaining temporal dependence of these functions together with corresponding
equations of motion are determined from dynamical conditions, obtained by
constructing the relativistic proper reference frame of an accelerated test
particle. In this frame, the effect of external forces acting on the observer
is balanced by the fictitious frame-reaction force that is needed to keep the
test particle at rest with respect to the frame, conserving its relativistic
linear momentum. We find that this approach is sufficient to determine all the
terms of the coordinate transformation. The same method is then used to develop
the inverse transformations. The resulting post-Galilean coordinate
transformations extend the Poincar\'e group on the case of accelerating
observers. We present and discuss the resulting coordinate transformations,
relativistic equations of motion, and the structure of the metric tensors
corresponding to the relativistic reference frames involved.Comment: revtex4, 21 page
Pair Contact Process with Diffusion: Failure of Master Equation Field Theory
We demonstrate that the `microscopic' field theory representation, directly
derived from the corresponding master equation, fails to adequately capture the
continuous nonequilibrium phase transition of the Pair Contact Process with
Diffusion (PCPD). The ensuing renormalization group (RG) flow equations do not
allow for a stable fixed point in the parameter region that is accessible by
the physical initial conditions. There exists a stable RG fixed point outside
this regime, but the resulting scaling exponents, in conjunction with the
predicted particle anticorrelations at the critical point, would be in
contradiction with the positivity of the equal-time mean-square particle number
fluctuations. We conclude that a more coarse-grained effective field theory
approach is required to elucidate the critical properties of the PCPD.Comment: revtex, 8 pages, 1 figure include
Determination of guidance values for closed landfill gas emissions
International audienceIn order to promote active landfill gas collection and treatment or natural attenuation, it is necessary to identify trigger values concerning landfill gas emissions in the preliminary stage of a risk assessment. The determination of these values is the first goal of a work which includes a large regulation review and the study of a generic inhalation exposure scenario for the most common reuse of French Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfill surface, namely a recreational area without residential buildings. The health risk levels of this scenario are lower than the usual levels and enable to determine trigger values for methane production rate. These results and the methane oxidation rate in the landfill cover allow for the determination of residual methane surface emission rates. The combination of these parameters with on-site specific measurements enables the promotion of natural attenuation or active landfill gas treatment
Construction d'un critère d'optimalité pour plans d'expériences numériques dans le cadre de la quantification d'incertitudes
http://archive.numdam.org/ARCHIVE/RSA/RSA_2005__53_4/RSA_2005__53_4_87_0/RSA_2005__53_4_87_0.pdfInternational audienceDe nombreux phénomènes physiques sont étudiés à l'aide de simulateurs numériques coûteux, avec lesquels une variable d'intérêt - ou "réponse" - est une fonction déterministe des variables d'entrée (les facteurs). Cependant, on est souvent amené à évaluer la réponse sous forme d'incertitudes du fait de la méconnaissance du niveau des facteurs. Ainsi en Exploration/Production pétrolière, on s'intéresse par exemple à la distribution de la production d'huile d'un réservoir dans dix ans. Dans cet article nous construisons un critère conçu pour planifier les simulations de sorte que la quantification des incertitudes sur la réponse soit la meilleure possible. Baptisé "MC-V optimalité", le critère obtenu est alors équivalent à un critère IMSE (Integrated Mean Squared Error) où l'intégration est effectuée selon la distribution des facteurs. La démarche sera illustrée par l'exposé du contexte de l'Exploration/Production pétrolière dont l'étude est à l'origine de ce critère
Resource Management From Single-domain 5G to End-to-End 6G Network Slicing:A Survey
Network Slicing (NS) is one of the pillars of the fifth/sixth generation (5G/6G) of mobile networks. It provides the means for Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) to leverage physical infrastructure across different technological domains to support different applications. This survey analyzes the progress made on NS resource management across these domains, with a focus on the interdependence between domains and unique issues that arise in cross-domain and End-to-End (E2E) settings. Based on a generic problem formulation, NS resource management functionalities (e.g., resource allocation and orchestration) are examined across domains, revealing their limits when applied separately per domain. The appropriateness of different problem-solving methodologies is critically analyzed, and practical insights are provided, explaining how resource management should be rethought in cross-domain and E2E contexts. Furthermore, the latest advancements are reported through a detailed analysis of the most relevant research projects and experimental testbeds. Finally, the core issues facing NS resource management are dissected, and the most pertinent research directions are identified, providing practical guidelines for new researchers.<br/
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