32 research outputs found

    FibrogenÚse pulmonaire induite par la toxicité de la bléomycine et son point de départ sous-pleural

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    Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is a rare and devastating disease without efficient treatment at this time. Idiopathic FP is characterized by accumulation of myofibroblasts and has a typical sub-pleural onset suggesting a role of the pleura in the disease. Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-ß1 induces transformation of pleural mesothelial cells (PMC) into active cells exhibiting myofibroblast phenotype. Heat shock proteins can act as regulator of the TGF-ß1 signaling. A role for caspase-1/IL-1ß axis has already been described in animal models of PF.The heat shock protein AlphaB-crystallin has been studied in PF at the PMC level and the importance of caspase-1/IL-1ß axis has been investigated specifically in lung structural cells in the context of bleomycin (BLM) toxicity.AlphaB-crystallin is overexpressed by PMC during idiopathic PF. Its inhibition in mice interferes with PMC transformation and subsequent migration in pleuro-pulmonary fibrosis. In BLM-induced PF in mice, caspase-1 is activated in sub-pleural areas. In vitro, caspase-1 has a crucial role in the transformation process of PMC. Activation of caspase-1 triggers fibrotic response in mice. In a second part, we show that a deglycosylated form of BLM, which failed to promote caspase-1 activation, is unable to trigger PF but stills have an anti-tumor activity. Deglyco-BLM does not induce pyroptosis, a caspase-1 dependent cell death, in alveolar epithelial cells.Our data suggest that AlphaB-crystallin and caspase-1/IL-1ß could represent interesting therapeutic targets in idiopathic as well as BLM-induced PF. We also bring a proof of concept for the use of deglyco-BLM as a less toxic alternative to BLM in cancer therapy.La fibrose pulmonaire (FP) idiopathique est une maladie sans traitement efficace caractĂ©risĂ©e par une prolifĂ©ration de myofibroblastes et par un dĂ©part sous-pleural suggĂ©rant un rĂŽle de la plĂšvre. Le transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß1 induit un processus de transformation des cellules mĂ©sothĂ©liales pleurales (CMP) en cellules de type myofibroblaste. Les protĂ©ines de choc thermique rĂ©gulent la voie du TGF-ß1. L’importance de l’axe caspase-1/IL-1ß, a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crite dans les modĂšles animaux de FP.La protĂ©ine de stress AlphaB-crystallin a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©e dans la FP au niveau des CMP et l’importance de l’axe caspase-1/IL-1ß a Ă©tĂ© recherchĂ©e au niveau des cellules structurales pulmonaires dans la toxicitĂ© de la blĂ©omycine (BLM).aB-crystallin est surexprimĂ©e dans la FP idiopathique au niveau des CMP. Son inhibition empĂȘche la transformation et la migration des CMP dans la fibrose pleuro-pulmonaire. Dans un modĂšle de FP induite par la BLM chez la souris, la voie caspase-1 est activĂ©e dans les rĂ©gions pleurales. In vitro, la caspase-1 a un rĂŽle crucial dans la transformation des CMP. Son activation induit une rĂ©action fibrosante chez la souris. Dans une seconde partie, nous montrons qu’une forme dĂ©glycosylĂ©e de la BLM, incapable d’activer la caspase-1, n’induit pas de FP mais a une activitĂ© anti-cancĂ©reuse. La dĂ©glyco-BLM n’entraine pas la pyroptose, mort caspase-1 dĂ©pendante, chez les cellules Ă©pithĂ©liales alvĂ©olaires. Nos rĂ©sultats suggĂšrent qu’AlphaB-crystallin et la voie caspase-1/IL-1ß pourraient ĂȘtre des cibles thĂ©rapeutiques dans la FP idiopathique ou induite par la BLM. Nous apportons aussi une preuve de concept de l’utilisation de la dĂ©glyco-BLM comme alternative non toxique Ă  la blĂ©omycine

    Burgy, Olivier

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    Bleomycin induced pulmonary toxicity and its subpleural onset

    No full text
    La fibrose pulmonaire (FP) idiopathique est une maladie sans traitement efficace caractĂ©risĂ©e par une prolifĂ©ration de myofibroblastes et par un dĂ©part sous-pleural suggĂ©rant un rĂŽle de la plĂšvre. Le transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß1 induit un processus de transformation des cellules mĂ©sothĂ©liales pleurales (CMP) en cellules de type myofibroblaste. Les protĂ©ines de choc thermique rĂ©gulent la voie du TGF-ß1. L’importance de l’axe caspase-1/IL-1ß, a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crite dans les modĂšles animaux de FP.La protĂ©ine de stress AlphaB-crystallin a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©e dans la FP au niveau des CMP et l’importance de l’axe caspase-1/IL-1ß a Ă©tĂ© recherchĂ©e au niveau des cellules structurales pulmonaires dans la toxicitĂ© de la blĂ©omycine (BLM).aB-crystallin est surexprimĂ©e dans la FP idiopathique au niveau des CMP. Son inhibition empĂȘche la transformation et la migration des CMP dans la fibrose pleuro-pulmonaire. Dans un modĂšle de FP induite par la BLM chez la souris, la voie caspase-1 est activĂ©e dans les rĂ©gions pleurales. In vitro, la caspase-1 a un rĂŽle crucial dans la transformation des CMP. Son activation induit une rĂ©action fibrosante chez la souris. Dans une seconde partie, nous montrons qu’une forme dĂ©glycosylĂ©e de la BLM, incapable d’activer la caspase-1, n’induit pas de FP mais a une activitĂ© anti-cancĂ©reuse. La dĂ©glyco-BLM n’entraine pas la pyroptose, mort caspase-1 dĂ©pendante, chez les cellules Ă©pithĂ©liales alvĂ©olaires. Nos rĂ©sultats suggĂšrent qu’AlphaB-crystallin et la voie caspase-1/IL-1ß pourraient ĂȘtre des cibles thĂ©rapeutiques dans la FP idiopathique ou induite par la BLM. Nous apportons aussi une preuve de concept de l’utilisation de la dĂ©glyco-BLM comme alternative non toxique Ă  la blĂ©omycine.Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is a rare and devastating disease without efficient treatment at this time. Idiopathic FP is characterized by accumulation of myofibroblasts and has a typical sub-pleural onset suggesting a role of the pleura in the disease. Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-ß1 induces transformation of pleural mesothelial cells (PMC) into active cells exhibiting myofibroblast phenotype. Heat shock proteins can act as regulator of the TGF-ß1 signaling. A role for caspase-1/IL-1ß axis has already been described in animal models of PF.The heat shock protein AlphaB-crystallin has been studied in PF at the PMC level and the importance of caspase-1/IL-1ß axis has been investigated specifically in lung structural cells in the context of bleomycin (BLM) toxicity.AlphaB-crystallin is overexpressed by PMC during idiopathic PF. Its inhibition in mice interferes with PMC transformation and subsequent migration in pleuro-pulmonary fibrosis. In BLM-induced PF in mice, caspase-1 is activated in sub-pleural areas. In vitro, caspase-1 has a crucial role in the transformation process of PMC. Activation of caspase-1 triggers fibrotic response in mice. In a second part, we show that a deglycosylated form of BLM, which failed to promote caspase-1 activation, is unable to trigger PF but stills have an anti-tumor activity. Deglyco-BLM does not induce pyroptosis, a caspase-1 dependent cell death, in alveolar epithelial cells.Our data suggest that AlphaB-crystallin and caspase-1/IL-1ß could represent interesting therapeutic targets in idiopathic as well as BLM-induced PF. We also bring a proof of concept for the use of deglyco-BLM as a less toxic alternative to BLM in cancer therapy

    Heat shock protein-90 toward theranostics: a breath of fresh air in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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    IF 10.569International audienc

    Extracellular Lipids in the Lung and Their Role in Pulmonary Fibrosis

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    Lipids are major actors and regulators of physiological processes within the lung. Initial research has described their critical role in tissue homeostasis and in orchestrating cellular communication to allow respiration. Over the past decades, a growing body of research has also emphasized how lipids and their metabolism may be altered, contributing to the development and progression of chronic lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we first describe the current working model of the mechanisms of lung fibrogenesis before introducing lipids and their cellular metabolism. We then summarize the evidence of altered lipid homeostasis during pulmonary fibrosis, focusing on their extracellular forms. Finally, we highlight how lipid targeting may open avenues to develop therapeutic options for patients with lung fibrosis

    Heat shock protein: a hot topic in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

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    IF 10.569International audienc

    In the spotlight: first ERS Early Career Member Award winner, the ERS Lung Science Conference 2020 and new ECMC members

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    All you need to know about @LiesLahousse, first ECM to be granted the Early Career Member Award; #LSC2020; the newly elected assembly representatives for @EarlyCareerERS; and new @EuroRespSoc fellowship opportunities http://bit.ly/2OTgQlo.status: publishe

    In the spotlight: first ERS Early Career Member Award winner, the ERS Lung Science Conference 2020 and new ECMC members

    No full text
    All you need to know about @LiesLahousse, first ECM to be granted the Early Career Member Award; #LSC2020; the newly elected assembly representatives for @EarlyCareerERS; and new @EuroRespSoc fellowship opportunities http://bit.ly/2OTgQl
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